APTENODYTES J.F. Miller, 1778 M - Aptenodytes patagonica J.F. Miller, 1778; type by monotypy
Aptenodytes patagonicus 2J.F. Miller, 1778 King Penguin
vFalkland Is., South Georgia I., Prince Edward Is., Iles Crozet, Iles Kerguelen, Heard I., Macquarie I. >> subantarctic seas between 45 and 65 degrees S
PYGOSCELIS Wagler, 1832 M - Aptenodytes papua J.R. Forster, 1781; type by monotypy
Pygoscelis papuaGentoo Penguin
papua (J.R. Forster, 1781)3iIsla de los Estados, Falkland Is., South Georgia I., Iles Kerguelen, Heard I., Macquarie I. >> subantarctic seas to about 60 degrees S
ellsworthi Murphy, 1947iAntarctic Pen. east to South Sandwich Is. >> subantarctic seas
vAntarctic Pen., Scotia Arc, South Georgia I., Bouvetøya >> antarctic and subantarctic seas
EUDYPTES Vieillot, 1816 M - Aptenodytes chrysocome J.R. Forster, 1781; type by subsequent designation (G.R. Gray, 1840, A List of the Genera of Birds, p. 77). 4
Eudyptes chrysolophusMacaroni Penguin
chrysolophus (von Brandt, 1837)vAntarctic Pen. and extreme S South America to Scotia Arc, Falkland Is., South Georgia I., South Sandwich Is., Marion I., Iles Crozet, Iles Kerguelen >> subantarctic Atlantic and Indian Oceans
schlegeli Finsch, 18765iMacquarie I. >> subantarctic Australian and New Zealand seas
iTristan da Cunha Group, Gough I., Ile St. Paul, Ile Amsterdam, S Atlantic and S Indian Oceans >> S Australian seas
Eudyptes chrysocomeSouthern Rockhopper Penguin
chrysocome (J.R. Forster, 1781)iFalkland Is.; islands off S Argentina and S Chile (Isla de los Estados, Islas Ildefonso, Isla Noir, Islas Diego Ramirez); S Atlantic Ocean
filholi F.W. Hutton, 18798iPrince Edward Is., Iles Crozet, Iles Kerguelen, Heard I., Macquarie I., Campbell I., Auckland Is., Antipodes Is. >> subantarctic Australian and New Zealand seas
1 Sequence of genera follows Bertelli & Giannini (2005) [Bertelli, 2005 #293], Ksepka et al. (2006) [Ksepka, 2006 #9932] and Baker et al. (2006) [Baker, 2006 #9756].
2 Includes halli; see Marchant & Higgins (1990) [Marchant, 1990 #2485], but see also Martínez (1992) [Martínez, 1992 #13635].
3 Includes taeniata; see Stonehouse (1970) [Stonehouse, 1970 #3744].
4 Species sequence derived from Ksepka et al. (2006) [Ksepka, 2006 #9932] and Baker et al. (2006) [Baker, 2006 #9756].
5 Treated as a separate species by Martínez (1992) [Martínez, 1992 #13635], Banks et al. (2006) [Banks, 2006 #9761] and Gill et al. (2010) [Gill, 2010 #12348], but see Baker (2006) [Baker, 2006 #9756] and Christidis & Boles (2008) [Christidis, 2008 #11602].
6 For treatment as a separate species from E. chrysocome see Jouventin (1982) [Jouventin, 1982 #13949], Jouventin et al. (2006) [Jouventin, 2006 #9918], and Banks et al. (2006) [Banks, 2006 #9759].
8 Treated as a separate species from E. chrysocome by Banks et al. (2006) [Banks, 2006 #9761].
9 For treatment as a subspecies of E. pachyrhynchus see Christidis & Boles (2008) [Christidis, 2008 #11602].
10 The name Eudyptes atratus Finsch, 1875, has been suppressed as regards priority but not as regards homonymy; see Opinion 1056 (I.C.Z.N., 1976) [I.C.Z.N., 1976 #2055].
11 For recognition see Ksepka et al. (2006) [Ksepka, 2006 #9932] and Baker et al. (2006) [Baker, 2006 #9756].
12 Treatment of subspecies here attempts to reconcile the conflicting information from diverse morphological and molecular data in Kinsky & Falla (1976) [Kinsky, 1976 #13636], Meredith & Sin (1988) [Meredith, 1988 #13637], and Banks et al. (2002, 2008) [Banks, 2002 #200] [Banks, 2008 #11203].
13 The taxon named variabilis Kinsky & Falla, 1976 [Kinsky, 1976 #13636] appears to apply to intergrades between nominate minor and iredalei, with some gene flow albosignata as well. But see also Gill et al. (2010) [Gill, 2010 #12348].
14 For possible occurrence in far south New Zealand; see Banks et al. (2002, 2008) [Banks, 2002 #200] [Banks, 2008 #11203].
15 Includes variabilis; see Meredith & Sin (1988) [Meredith, 1988 #13637] and Peucker et al. (2009) [Peucker, 2009 #11796].
16 For treatment as a subspecies of E. minor see Falla & Mougin (1979) [Falla, 1979 #1536].
17 Forms a superspecies with S. magellanicus and S. humboldti; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].
18 Sister species considered to be S. demersus by Thumser & Karron (1995) [Thumser, 1995 #3834].