Phalacrocorax atriceps Imperial Cormorant
atriceps P.P. King, 1828 iS Chile (north to Isla Mocha), S Argentina (north to Chubut)
bransfieldensis Murphy, 193611 vAntarctic Pen., South Shetland Is., Elephant I. albiventer (Lesson, 1831)12,13 δFalkland Is. georgianus Lönnberg, 190614 vSouth Georgia I., South Orkney Is., South Sandwich Is., Shag Rocks (Scotia Sea) melanogenis (Blyth, 1860)15 vPrince Edward Is., Iles Crozet, Iles Kerguelen nivalis Falla, 1937 vHeard I.
purpurascens (von Brandt, 1837) Macquarie I.
Phalacrocorax carunculatus17 Rough-faced Shag carunculatus (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) vIslands of N South Island lining Cook Strait >> S North Island (New Zealand)
chalconotus (G.R. Gray, 1845) vSE South Island (Otago coast) to Stewart I. (New Zealand)
onslowi H.O. Forbes, 1893 Chatham Is.
Phalacrocorax campbelli18 Campbell Shag campbelli (Filhol, 1878) Campbell I. >> Antipodes Is.
ranfurlyi Ogilvie-Grant, 1901 Bounty Is. >> Antipodes Is. (?)
colensoi Buller, 1888 Auckland Is.
Phalacrocorax auritus Double-crested Cormorant
cincinatus (von Brandt, 1837) vE Aleutian Is. (Unalaska) to SE Alaska (Alexander Arch.)
albociliatus Ridgway, 1884 vCoasts of SW Canada (Vancouver I.) to NW Mexico (Baja California, Sonora, Sinaloa and Islas Revillagigedo) and inland in C Washington, S Oregon, W Nevada, California and Arizona
auritus (Lesson, 1831) vInland C North America (Alberta to SW Québec south to C Utah, C Kansas and S Indiana) and coastal E North America (Newfoundland to Virginia) >> S USA and E Mexico
floridanus (Audubon, 1835) vSE USA (North Carolina south to Florida and west to Oklahoma and Texas); coast of Yucatan Pen.; N Bahamas, Cuba
heuretus Watson, Olson & J.R. Miller, 1991 vSan Salvador (S Bahamas) [Watson, 1991 #4092]
Phalacrocorax pelagicus23 Pelagic Cormorant pelagicus Pallas, 1811 vWrangel I., coastal NE Siberia (Chukchi Pen. to S Sea of Okhotsk), Sakhalin, Kuril Is., N Japan (Hokkaido), Commander Is., Aleutian Is., coasts of W and S Alaska to W Canada (Queen Charlotte Is.) >> coasts of Korea, E China, Japan and W USA (Washington)
resplendens Audubon, 1838 iCoastal SW Canada (Vancouver I.) to NW Mexico (Islas Los Coronados off N Baja California)
Phalacrocorax urile (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) Red-faced Cormorant
iN Japan (NE Hokkaido), Kuril Is., Commander Is., Aleutian Is., Pribilof Is., Nunivak I., and coastal S Alaska (Alaska Pen. to Prince William Sound)
Phalacrocorax aristotelis European Shag
aristotelis (Linnaeus, 1761) iIceland and W European coast from Lapland to Portugal
riggenbachi E. Hartert, 192324 iCoast of Morocco desmarestii (Payraudeau, 1826) iC Mediterranean
Phalacrocorax carbo25 Great Cormorant carbo (Linnaeus, 1758) iCoasts of NE North America (N Gulf of St. Lawrence and S Newfoundland south to Prince Edward I., Nova Scotia and Maine), SW Greenland, Faroe Is., Iceland, British Isles, N Norway and NW Russia (Kola Pen.) >> SE USA, S Europe and NW Africa
sinensis (Staunton, 1796)26 vEurope to Russian Far East, Korea, China, SW and S Asia, continental SE Asia, (formerly Sumatra) >> Africa, Thai-Malay Pen. (rare), Borneo hanedae N. Kuroda, Sr., 1925 iJapan
maroccanus E. Hartert, 1906 vNW Africa
lucidus (M.H.C. Lichtenstein, 1823)27 vCape Verde Is., Mauritania to Eritrea and W Somalia, south to South Africa novaehollandiae Stephens, 182628 iAustralia, Tasmania, New Zealand (North Island, South Island), Chatham Is., New Caledonia, S Solomons (Rennell) >> S New Zealand Islands, Kermadec Is., Norfolk I., New Guinea, SE Moluccas (Kai Is.) Phalacrocorax sulcirostris 31 (von Brandt, 1837) Little Black Cormorant vJava, S Borneo, Wallacea, lowland New Guinea, Aru Is., D'Entrecasteaux Arch. (Fergusson I.), Australia, Tasmania and New Zealand (North Island, South Island)
Phalacrocorax varius Great Pied Cormorant
hypoleucos (von Brandt, 1837) iCoastal Australia and inland in east to Great Artesian Basin >> Tasmania
varius (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) vNorth Island, South Island, Stewart I. (New Zealand)