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COLUMBIDAE - Pigeons and Doves1 (46:318)
COLUMBINAE
COLUMBA Linnaeus, 1758 F - Columba oenas Linnaeus, 1758; type by subsequent designation (Vigors, 1824, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 14 (1825), p. 481).  2,3
Columba livia4 Rock Dove/Rock Pigeon
livia J.F. Gmelin, 1789 vW and S Europe to S Ural Mts. and SW Siberia, W and N Turkey, Cyprus, N and W Caucasus, W Transcaucasia, Atlantic Is., N Africa to NW Egypt
gymnocycla G.R. Gray, 18565 vSenegal to S Mali and Nigeria
targia Geyr von Schweppenburg, 1916 vC Sahara (N Mali and S Algeria to W Sudan)
dakhlae R. Meinertzhagen, 1928 iW Egypt
schimperi Bonaparte, 18546 iNile valley and E Egypt to E Sudan and N Eritrea
palaestinae von Zedlitz, 19127 δiIsrael to Syria, Sinai, W and S Arabian Pen.
gaddi Sarudny & von Loudon, 1906 iE Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Iran to Uzbekistan and W and N Afghanistan
neglecta Hume, 1873 vE Afghanistan, Tajikistan and Tien Shan Mts., W Pakistan and W Himalayas (N Pakistan to Himachal Pradesh)
intermedia Strickland, 1844 vNepal, India, Sri Lanka
Columba rupestris Hill Pigeon
turkestanica Buturlin, 1908 vPamir Mts., Alai Range to Tien Shan Mts. and Altai Mts., WC China (to Gansu), Himalayas
rupestris Pallas, 1811 vW Mongolia and SE Siberia to E Sichuan, Shandong, Korea, and Russian Far East
Columba leuconota Snow Pigeon
gradaria E. Hartert, 1916 vE Himalayas (west to Sikkim), E Xizang (E Nan Shan), Yunnan, N Myanmar
leuconota Vigors, 1831 vW and C Himalayas (N Pakistan to Sikkim)
Columba guinea Speckled Pigeon
guinea Linnaeus, 1758 Senegal to Ethiopia and Tanzania
bradfieldi (Roberts, 1931)8 SW Angola and Namibia to Botswana, W Zimbabwe, NW South Africa
phaeonota G.R. Gray, 1856 vE Zimbabwe, South Africa (except NW)
Columba albitorques   Rüppell, 1837 White-collared Pigeon
iHighlands of Ethiopia and Eritrea
Columba oenas Stock Dove
oenas Linnaeus, 17589 iNW Africa and Europe to N Iran, N Kazakhstan and SW Siberia
yarkandensis Buturlin, 190810 vSW Turkmenistan to Tien Shan Mts. and Tarim Basin fringe to NW China (Lop Nur)
Columba eversmanni   Bonaparte, 1856 Pale-backed Pigeon/Yellow-eyed Pigeon
iNE Iran and N Afghanistan to S Kazakhstan and NW China >> Iran to NW India
Columba oliviae   Stephenson Clarke, 1918 Somali Pigeon
iN and NE Somalia
Columba palumbus Wood Pigeon
palumbus Linnaeus, 175811 iNW Africa and Europe to Iraq, Caucasus area and Ural Mts.
†? maderensis von Tschusi, 1904 vMadeira
azorica E. Hartert, 1905 vC and E Azores
iranica (Sarudny, 1910) vSW and N Iran to SW Turkmenistan
casiotis (Bonaparte, 1854)12 vN Oman, SE Iran, Afghanistan, Tien Shan Mts., W Pakistan, W Himalayas (N Pakistan to Kashmir) >> Nepal
Columba trocaz   Heineken, 1829 Madeira Laurel Pigeon
iMadeira
Columba bollii 13  Godman, 1872 Dark-tailed Laurel Pigeon
iLa Palma, La Gomera and Tenerife (W Canary Is.)
Columba junoniae   E. Hartert, 1916 White-tailed Laurel Pigeon
iLa Palma, La Gomera and Tenerife (W Canary Is.)
Columba unicincta   Cassin, 1859 Afep Pigeonα
vGuinea to Ghana; E Nigeria to W Uganda and NW Angola
Columba arquatrix 14  Temminck, 1808 African Olive Pigeonα
iEthiopia and E Africa to E Zimbabwe and E and S South Africa, W Angola
Columba sjostedti   Reichenow, 1901 Cameroon Olive Pigeonα
iE Nigeria, Cameroon, Bioko
Columba thomensis   Bocage, 1888 São Tomé Olive Pigeon
vSão Tomé
Columba pollenii   Schlegel, 1865 Comoro Olive Pigeonα
iComoros
Columba hodgsonii   Vigors, 1832 Freckled Pigeon/Speckled Wood Pigeon
iFoothills of W and C Himalayas (Pakistan to Bhutan), NW (from E Qinghai) and SW China, mountains of NW and NC continental SE Asia
Columba albinucha   Sassi, 1911 White-naped Pigeon
iE DR Congo to W Uganda; W Cameroon
Columba pulchricollis 15  Blyth, 1846 Ashy Pigeonα
vFoothills of C Himalayas (WC Nepal to Bhutan), NE India, S China, Taiwan, mountains of NW and NC continental SE Asia
Columba elphinstonii   (Sykes, 1832) Nilgiri Pigeonα
iSW India (Western Ghats)
Columba torringtoniae 16  (Blyth & Kelaart, 1853) Sri Lanka Pigeon&alphaδ
iSri Lanka [Blyth, 1853 #5894]
Columba punicea   Blyth, 1842 Pale-capped Pigeon
vE and NE India, S Xizang, Hainan, N continental SE Asia >> SW mainland SE Asia to C Thai-Malay Pen.
Columba argentina 17  Bonaparte, 1857 Silvery Pigeonα
vIslands around Sumatra and west of Borneo
Columba palumboides   (Hume, 1873) Andaman Pigeon
iAndamans and Nicobars
Columba janthina Japanese Pigeon
janthina Temminck, 183018 vTsushima and S Japan to Izu Is. and Ryukyu Is.
nitens (Stejneger, 1887) iOgasawara Is., Iwo Is. (Japan)
stejnegeri (N. Kuroda, Sr., 1923)19 iYaeyama Is., Miyako Is. (Japan)
Columba versicolor   von Kittlitz, 1832 Bonin Pigeon
iNakodo-jima, Chichi-jima (Ogasawara Is.)
Columba jouyi   (Stejneger, 1887) Ryukyu Pigeon
iOkinawa Is., Daito Is. (Japan)
Columba vitiensis White-throated Pigeon
griseogularis (Walden & E.L. Layard, 1872) vPhilippines (except Palawan), islands off N Borneo
anthracina (Hachisuka, 1939) vPalawan (Philippines) [Hachisuka, 1939 #1855]
metallica Temminck, 1835 vLesser Sundas (east to Babar)
halmaheira (Bonaparte, 1855)20 iN Sulawesi, Talaud Is., Banggai Is., Sula Is., Moluccas, lowland New Guinea and satellite islands (except Aru Is. and D'Entrecasteaux Arch.), New Britain, New Ireland, Solomons (main islands)
leopoldi (Tristram, 1879) iVanuatu
hypoenochroa (Gould, 1856) iNew Caledonia, Loyalty Is.
vitiensis Quoy & Gaimard, 1830 vFiji
castaneiceps Peale, 1848 iSamoa
†? godmanae (Mathews, 1915)21 Lord Howe I. (Tasman Sea)
Columba leucomela 22,23  Temminck, 1821 White-headed Pigeon
iCoastal E Australia (NE Queensland to E Victoria) [Temminck, 1821 #3819]
Columba pallidiceps   (E.P. Ramsay, 1878) Yellow-legged Pigeonα
iNew Britain, New Ireland (Bismarck Arch.), Bougainville, Choiseul, Vella Lavella, Dai, Ramos, Florida, Guadalcanal, San Cristobal (Solomons)
Columba delegorguei Eastern Bronze-naped Pigeon
sharpei (Salvadori, 1893) iSE South Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Zanzibar
delegorguei Delegorgue, 1847 iS Malawi to E South Africa
Columba iriditorques 24  Cassin, 1857 Western Bronze-naped Pigeonα
iGuinea and Sierra Leone to NW Angola west to W Uganda
Columba malherbii   J. & E. Verreaux, 1851 São Tomé Bronze-naped Pigeon
iSão Tomé, Príncipe and Annobón
APLOPELIA Bonaparte, 1855 F - Columba larvata Temminck, 1809; type by subsequent designation (G.R. Gray, 1855, Cat. of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds, p. 150).  
Aplopelia larvata25 Lemon Dove
inornata Reichenow, 189226 vGuinea to Liberia; E Nigeria, Cameroon, Bioko, Annobón
principalis (Hartlaub, 1866) vPríncipe
simplex (Hartlaub, 1849)27 iSão Tomé
bronzina (Rüppell, 1837) vE South Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea
larvata (Temminck, 1809) αvS Sudan, E Uganda and Kenya to Malawi, E Zimbabwe, E and S South Africa
jacksoni Sharpe, 1904 iE DR Congo and SW Uganda to W Tanzania and NC Zambia
samaliyae C.M.N. White, 1948 iAngola, S DR Congo, NW Zambia [White, 1948 #4173]
STREPTOPELIA Bonaparte, 1855 F - Columba risoria Linnaeus, 1758; type by subsequent designation (G.R. Gray, 1855, Cat. of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds, p. 150).  
Streptopelia turtur European Turtle Dove
turtur (Linnaeus, 1758)28 iEurope to W Siberia, Madeira and Canary Is. >> Senegal east to Ethiopia
arenicola (E. Hartert, 1894)29 iN Africa, Iraq and Iran to NW China >> Senegal east to Ethiopia
hoggara (Geyr von Schweppenburg, 1916) vHoggar and Aïr Massifs (S Sahara)
rufescens (C.L. Brehm, 1845)30 αiNile Delta and Dakhla and Kharga Oases (Egypt) >> C Sudan and NW Ethiopia [Brehm, 1845 #476]
Streptopelia lugens 31  (Rüppell, 1837) Dusky Turtle Dove
iE South Sudan, Ethiopia and E Africa to E DR Congo and N Malawi; SW Saudi Arabia, W Yemen
Streptopelia hypopyrrha   (Reichenow, 1910) Adamawa Turtle Dove
vSenegal to Mali; Nigeria, N Cameroon, SW Chad32
Streptopelia orientalis Oriental Turtle Dove
meena (Sykes, 1832) iW Siberia and C Asia to W and C Himalayas (N Pakistan to Nepal) >> India, Sri Lanka
agricola (Tickell, 1833)33 iFoothills of E Himalayas (west to C Nepal), NE India, SW Yunnan, Myanmar
orientalis (Latham, 1790)34 vC and E Siberia, Japan, E Himalayas, SE Xizang, S and E China, Taiwan >> S and E Asia, N continental SE Asia
erythrocephala (Bonaparte, 1855)35 vS India [Bonaparte, 1855 #5916]
stimpsoni (Stejneger, 1887) iRyukyu Is.
Streptopelia bitorquata36 Island Collared Dove
1 dusumieri (Temminck, 1823)37 iPhilippines
2 bitorquata (Temminck, 1809) αvJava, Bali, W and C Lesser Sundas (east to Timor)38
Streptopelia decaocto Eurasian Collared Dove
decaocto (Frivaldszky, 1838)39 iEurope and N Africa to W China and S Asia40
xanthocycla (T.H. Newman, 1906) vChina, Myanmar
Streptopelia roseogrisea41 African Collared Dove
roseogrisea (Sundevall, 1857) vSenegal, Gambia and Mauritania to C and S Sudan and NW Ethiopia42
arabica (Neumann, 1904) vNE Sudan, Eritrea, NE Ethiopia and N Somalia; SW Saudi Arabia, W Yemen
Streptopelia reichenowi   (von Erlanger, 1901) White-winged Collared Dove
iS Somalia, SE Ethiopia, NE Kenya
Streptopelia decipiens Mourning Collared Dove/African Mourning Dove
shelleyi (Salvadori, 1893) iSenegal, Gambia and Mauritania to C Nigeria
logonensis (Reichenow, 1921) vL. Chad to South Sudan, N and E DR Congo and N Uganda
decipiens (Hartlaub & Finsch, 1870) iSudan, N and C Ethiopia, NW Somalia
elegans (von Zedlitz, 1913) iS Ethiopia, S Somalia, N and E Kenya
perspicillata (G.A. Fischer & Reichenow, 1884) vW and S Kenya, C Tanzania
ambigua (Bocage, 1881) αvAngola to Malawi, south to N Namibia, N and E Botswana, E Limpopo (South Africa) and S Mozambique
Streptopelia semitorquata 43  (Rüppell, 1837) Red-eyed Dove
vSenegal to Ethiopia south to South Africa; SW Saudi Arabia, W Yemen
Streptopelia capicola Ring-necked Dove
electa (von Madarász, 1913) vW Ethiopia
somalica (von Erlanger, 1905) vE Ethiopia, Somalia, N Kenya
tropica (Reichenow, 1902)44 vC and W Kenya and Uganda to Angola (except SW), Zimbabwe (except W) and E and C South Africa
onguati J.D. Macdonald, 1957 iNW Namibia, SW Angola [Macdonald, 1957 #2464]
damarensis (Hartlaub & Finsch, 1870) vNamibia (except NW), Botswana (except E), SW Zimbabwe, NW and W South Africa
capicola (Sundevall, 1857) iS South Africa (Western Cape, coastal Eastern Cape)
Streptopelia vinacea 45  (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) Vinaceous Dove
vSenegal, Gambia and Mauritania to Eritrea, C Ethiopia and C Uganda
Streptopelia tranquebarica Red Collared Dove/Red Turtle Dove
tranquebarica (Hermann, 1804) vPakistan, W Nepal, India (except NE)46
humilis (Temminck, 1824)47 vNE India, Bangladesh, SE Xizang, China (except NW and NE), continental SE Asia, N Philippines
Streptopelia chinensis48,49,50 Spotted-necked Dove/Spotted Dove
1 suratensis (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)51 vS Asia
1 ceylonensis (Reichenbach, 1851)52 vSri Lanka
2 tigrina (Temminck, 1809)53 αvNE India, Bangladesh, W Yunnan, SE Asia (except range of chinensis)
3 chinensis (Scopoli, 1786)54 vC and E China, Taiwan, NE Myanmar, NE Vietnam 55
3 hainana (E. Hartert, 1910) vHainan
Streptopelia senegalensis Laughing Dove
phoenicophila E. Hartert, 1916 vS Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, NW Libya
aegyptiaca (Latham, 1790)56 vNile valley (Egypt)
senegalensis (Linnaeus, 1766)57 vAlgeria, Egypt; C Mauritania to Eritrea south to South Africa; Socotra, W Arabian Pen.58
cambayensis (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)59 vE Arabian Pen. and E Iran to Pakistan, Nepal and India >> Bangladesh
ermanni (Bonaparte, 1856) iTranscaspia east to Kazakhstan, Xinjiang and N Afghanistan
Streptopelia picturata60 Madagascar Turtle Dove
rostrata (Bonaparte, 1855) vSeychelles
†? aldabrana (P.L. Sclater, 1872)61 vAmirante Is.
coppingeri (Sharpe, 1884)62 iAldabra (South I.) and Iles Glorieuses; formerly Assomption (Aldabra Is.)
comorensis (E. Newton, 1877) vComoros
picturata (Temminck, 1813) vMadagascar63
Streptopelia mayeri 64  (Prévost, 1843) Mauritius Pink Pigeon
Mauritius
Streptopelia duboisi   (Rothschild, 1907) Réunion Pink Pigeon
Réunion
Streptopelia cicur   (Hume, 2011) Mauritius Turtle Dove
Mauritius
Streptopelia rodericanus   (A. Milne‐Edwards, 1874) Rodriguez Turtle Dove
Rodrigues
MACROPYGIA Swainson, 1837 F - Colombe Phasianelle Temminck; type by subsequent designation (Mathews, 1920, Birds of Australia, supplement 1, p. 9). = Macropygia tenuirostris Bonaparte, 1854. For a contrary view see Schodde (2009) [Schodde, 2009 #12168].  
Macropygia unchall Barred Cuckoo Dove
tusalia (Blyth, 1843) iFoothills of E Himalayas (west to Nepal), NE India, Sichuan, SW Yunnan, Myanmar, N Thailand
minor Swinhoe, 1870 vMountains of SE China, Hainan and NE continental SE Asia
unchall (Wagler, 1827) iMountains of Thai-Malay Pen., Sumatra, Java, Bali, W Lesser Sundas (east to Flores)
Macropygia rufipennis Andaman Cuckoo Dove
andamanica Abdulali, 196765 vAndamans [Abdulali, 1967 #18]
tiwarii Abdulali, 197966 N Nicobars [Abdulali, 1979 #22]
rufipennis Blyth, 1846 vS Nicobars
Macropygia emiliana67 Ruddy Cuckoo Dove
hypopercna Oberholser, 1912 vSimeulue I. (off W Sumatra)
modiglianii Salvadori, 1887 iNias I. (off W Sumatra)
elassa Oberholser, 1912 vMentawai Is. (off W Sumatra)
cinnamomea Salvadori, 1892 vEnggano I. (off W Sumatra)
borneensis Robinson & Kloss, 1921 vBorneo
megala Siebers, 1929 vKangean Is. (Java Sea)
emiliana Bonaparte, 1854 vSunda Strait islands, Java, Bali, W Lesser Sundas (east to Flores)
Macropygia tenuirostris68 Philippine Cuckoo Dove
phaea McGregor, 190469 vLanyu I. (off S Taiwan), Batan and Calayan (Philippines)
tenuirostris Bonaparte, 1854 vPhilippines (except northern islands)
Macropygia magna Dusky Cuckoo Dove
macassariensis Wallace, 1865 vTanakeke I. and Salayar I. (off SW Sulawesi)
longa Meise, 1930 vTanahjampea I. and Kalaotoa I. (Flores Sea)
magna Wallace, 1864 vAlor to Roma (Lesser Sundas)
timorlaoensis A.B. Meyer, 1884 vTanimbar Is. (Lesser Sundas)
Macropygia amboinensis70,71 Brown Cuckoo Dove
sanghirensis Salvadori, 1878 vTalaud Is., Sangir Is.
atrata Ripley, 194172 vTogian Is. (off Sulawesi) [Ripley, 1941 #3288]
albicapilla Bonaparte, 185473 iSulawesi and E and SE satellites including Banggai Is. and Sula Is.
albiceps Bonaparte, 185674 iN Moluccas [Bonaparte, 1856 #418]
amboinensis (Linnaeus, 1766) vS Moluccas
keyensis Salvadori, 1876 vKai Is. (SE Moluccas)
doreya Bonaparte, 1854 vWestern Papuan Is. (Waigeo, Batanta, Salawati), NW New Guinea (Vogelkop)
maforensis Salvadori, 1878 vNumfoor I. (in Cenderawasih Bay)
griseinucha Salvadori, 1876 iMios Num I. (in Cenderawasih Bay)
cinereiceps Tristram, 188975 iBiak I., Yapen I., New Guinea (except Vogelkop and W central cordillera), D'Entrecasteaux Arch., islands off SW New Britain [Tristram, 1889 #3881]
balim Rand, 1941 iMontane WC New Guinea (W central cordillera) [Rand, 1941 #3184]
meeki Rothschild & E. Hartert, 1915 iManam I. (off N New Guinea)
admiralitatis Mayr, 1937 iAdmiralty Is. (Bismarck Arch.) [Mayr, 1937 #2542]
carteretia Bonaparte, 185476 vNew Britain, New Ireland, New Hanover and satellite islands, Hibernian Is. (Bismarck Arch.)
cunctata E. Hartert, 1899 vLouisiade Arch. (off SE New Guinea)
quinkan Schodde, 1989 iNE Cape York Pen. [Schodde, 1989 #3517]
robinsoni Mathews, 1912 iCoastal NE to EC Queensland
phasianella (Temminck, 1821)77 vCoastal EC to SE Australia
Macropygia ruficeps78 Little Cuckoo Dove
assimilis Hume, 1874 vSC China to S Myanmar, N and W Thailand
engelbachi Delacour, 1928 iNW Vietnam, N Laos
malayana Chasen & Kloss, 1931 vMountains of C and S Thai-Malay Pen.
simalurensis Richmond, 1902 vSimeulue I. (off W Sumatra)
sumatrana Robinson & Kloss, 1919 vMountains of Sumatra
nana Stresemann, 1913 iMountains of Borneo
ruficeps (Temminck, 1835) αiMountains of Java and Bali
orientalis E. Hartert, 1896 vMountains of W and C Lesser Sundas (east to Timor)
Macropygia nigrirostris   Salvadori, 1876 Black-billed Cuckoo Doveα
vYapen I., Karkar I., lowland to montane New Gunea, D'Entrecasteaux Arch., E Bismarck Arch. (New Britain, New Ireland, New Hanover)
Macropygia mackinlayi Mackinlay's Cuckoo Dove
arossi Tristram, 187979 iAdmiralty Is., St. Matthias Group, Emirau, Watom, Witu Is., WC New Britain (W Bismarck Arch.), Karkar I. (off NE New Guinea), Solomons (except Santa Cruz Is.)
troughtoni Kinghorn, 193780 Vanikoro, Utupua, Santa Cruz, Tinakula and Lomlom (Santa Cruz Is.) [Kinghorn, 1937 #4399]
mackinlayi E.P. Ramsay, 1878 iVanuatu (except Torres Is.)
TURACOENA Bonaparte, 1854 F - Columba manadensis Quoy & Gaimard, 1830; type by subsequent designation (G.R. Gray, 1855, Cat. of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds, p. 150).  81
Turacoena manadensis 82  (Quoy & Gaimard, 1830) White-faced Cuckoo Dove
vSulawesi, Togian Is., Banggai Is., Sula Is.
Turacoena modesta   (Temminck, 1835) Black Cuckoo Dove
vTimor, Wetar (Lesser Sundas)
REINWARDTOENA Bonaparte, 1854 F - Reinwardtoena typica Bonaparte, 1854; type by monotypy = Columba reinwardti Temminck, 1824  
Reinwardtoena reinwardti83 Great Cuckoo Dove
reinwardti (Temminck, 1824)84,85 δiMoluccas
griseotincta E. Hartert, 1896 vWestern Papuan Is., lowland New Guinea and islands off N coast (east to D'Entrecasteaux Arch.)
brevis J.L. Peters, 1937 vBiak I. (in Cenderawasih Bay)
Reinwardtoena browni 86  (P.L. Sclater, 1877) Pied Cuckoo Dove
iBismarck Arch. (including Admiralty Is. but excluding St. Matthias Group)
Reinwardtoena crassirostris 87  (Gould, 1856) Crested Cuckoo Dove
vSolomons (all main islands)
ECTOPISTES Swainson, 1827 M - Columba migratoria Linnaeus, 1766; type by subsequent designation (Swainson, 1837, Natural History and Classification of Birds, 2, p. 348).  
Ectopistes migratorius   (Linnaeus, 1766) Passenger Pigeon
vC and E North America >> S and SE USA to NE Mexico
PATAGIOENAS Reichenbach, 1853 F - Columba leucocephala Linnaeus, 1758; type by original designation and monotypy  88
Patagioenas leucocephala   (Linnaeus, 1758) White-crowned Pigeon
vFlorida Keys, Bahamas, Greater and Lesser Antilles, Caribbean islands off Central America and NW Colombia
Patagioenas speciosa   (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) Scaled Pigeon
vS Mexico (S Veracruz, N Oaxaca) to NW Peru, E Paraguay and SE Brazil; Trinidad
Patagioenas corensis 89,90  (von Jacquin, 1784) Bare-eyed Pigeon
vCoastal NE Colombia and N Venezuela, Netherlands Antilles, islands off N Venezuela [von Jacquin, 1784 #4048]
Patagioenas squamosa   (Bonnaterre, 1792) Scaly-naped Pigeon
vGreater and Lesser Antilles (except Jamaica), Curaçao, Bonaire
Patagioenas picazuro Picazuro Pigeon
marginalis (Naumburg, 1932) vNE Brazil (Ceará and Paraíba to Goiás and Bahia)
picazuro (Temminck, 1813) iE Bolivia and S Brazil (S Mato Grosso to Minas Gerais) to C Argentina (La Pampa, Buenos Aires)
Patagioenas maculosa Spot-winged Pigeon
albipennis (P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1876) vAndes of C Peru (SE Lima, SW Junín) to NW Argentina (N Jujuy)
maculosa (Temminck, 1813) vSE Bolivia, Paraguay and SE Brazil (S Paraná) to SC Argentina (C Chubut)
Patagioenas fasciata91 Band-tailed Pigeon
1 monilis (Vigors, 1839)92 vMountains of SW British Columbia to W Nevada and S California [Vigors, 1839 #4027]
1 fasciata (Say, 1822)93,94 αvMountains of SW USA (SC Utah and NC Colorado) to N Nicaragua
1 vioscae (Brewster, 1888) iNW Mexico (Sierra de San Lázaro in S Baja California)
2 crissalis (Salvadori, 1893) vMountains of Costa Rica and W Panama (Chiriquí, Veraguas)
2 albilinea (Bonaparte, 1854)95 iSanta Marta Mts.; Coastal Range of Venezuela; Trinidad; Andes from Venezuela to NW Argentina
2 roraimae (Chapman, 1929) iTepuis of S and SE Venezuela
Patagioenas araucana 96  (Lesson & Garnot, 1827) Chilean Pigeon
C and S Chile (S Atacama to C Aisén) and WC Argentina (Neuquén to W Chubut) [Lesson, 1827 #15268]
Patagioenas caribaea 97  (von Jacquin, 1784) Ring-tailed Pigeon
vJamaica
Patagioenas cayennensis98 Pale-vented Pigeon
pallidicrissa (C. Chubb, 1910)99 iMexico (SE Veracruz) to N Colombia, W and N Venezuela (north of R. Orinoco), Trinidad and Tobago
occidentalis (Stolzmann, 1926) vW Colombia, W Ecuador
tamboensis (Conover, 1938)100 vWC Colombia (Cauca and upper Patía valleys) [Conover, 1938 #1040]
cayennensis (Bonnaterre, 1792)101 vE Colombia and E Ecuador to S and E Venezuela (south of R. Orinoco), the Guianas and N Brazil (north of R. Amazon) [Bonnaterre, 1792 #436]
obsoleta (Todd, 1947)102 vN Venezuela (Carabobo, N Aragua) [Todd, 1947 #3843]
sylvestris (Vieillot, 1818) vE Peru and Brazil (south of R. Amazon) to N Argentina (La Rioja, Santa Fé)
Patagioenas flavirostris Red-billed Pigeon
flavirostris (Wagler, 1831)103 vSE Texas and NW Mexico (WC Sonora) to W Honduras; Islas Marías (off W Mexico)
minima (Carriker, 1910) vW Nicaragua and Costa Rica
Patagioenas oenops   (Salvin, 1895) Peruvian Pigeon
Andes of S Ecuador (S Zamora-Chinchipe) and N Peru (middle and upper Marañón valley)
Patagioenas inornata 104,105  (Vigors, 1827) Plain Pigeon
vCuba, Isla de la Juventud, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico
Patagioenas plumbea106,107 Plumbeous Pigeon
bogotensis (von Berlepsch & Leverkühn, 1890)108 vE Andean slopes from W Venezuela to W Bolivia (Cochabamba)
chapmani (Ridgway, 1916) iW Andean slopes of Colombia to NW Peru (Tumbes)
pallescens (E. Snethlage, 1908) iE Ecuador, E Peru, W Amazonian Brazil (east to R. Purus)
wallacei (C. Chubb, 1917)109 Extreme E Venezuela, the Guianas, E Amazonian Brazil (west to R. Negro and R. Tapajós)
baeri (Hellmayr, 1908) iEC Brazil (Goiás, W Minas Gerais)
plumbea (Vieillot, 1818)110 vSE Brazil (S Bahia to NE Rio Grande do Sul), E Paraguay
Patagioenas subvinacea Ruddy Pigeon
subvinacea (Lawrence, 1868) vCosta Rica to WC Panama (Veraguas)
berlepschi (E. Hartert, 1898)111 iE Panama (E Panamá), W Colombia, W Ecuador, NW Peru (Tumbes)
ruberrima (Meyer de Schauensee, 1950)112 vNW Colombia (Sinú valley) [Meyer de Schauensee, 1950 #2670]
zuliae (Cory, 1915) iNE Colombia (SE Guajira to NW Arauca), NW and N Venezuela (Zulia and Táchira to Lara; Carabobo to Miranda)
peninsularis (Chapman, 1915) vNE Venezuela (Sucre, N Monagas)
anolaimae (C. Chubb, 1917)113 C Colombia (Andean slopes of Cauca and Magdalena valleys)
ogilviegranti (C. Chubb, 1917)114 iSE Colombia, E Ecuador, E Peru, N and E Bolivia
purpureotincta (Ridgway, 1888)115 vS and E Venezuela, the Guianas, E Amazonian Brazil (north of R. Amazon, west to R. Negro)
recondita (Todd, 1937)116 vC Amazonian Brazil (south of R. Amazon, R. Madeira to R. Purus) [Todd, 1937 #3841]
Patagioenas nigrirostris 117,118  (P.L. Sclater, 1860) Short-billed Pigeon
vS Mexico (S Veracruz and N Oaxaca) to NW Colombia (N Chocó)
Patagioenas goodsoni   (E. Hartert, 1902) Dusky Pigeon
W Colombia to NW Ecuador (Pichincha)
LEPTOTILA Swainson, 1837 F - Peristera rufaxilla Selby, 1835; type by monotypy = Columba jamaicensis Linnaeus, 1766  119
Leptotila verreauxi White-tipped Dove
capitalis Nelson, 1898120 vIslas Marías (off W Mexico)
angelica Bangs & T.E. Penard, 1922121 vS Texas, N and C Mexico (south to N Veracruz and W Chiapas)
fulviventris Lawrence, 1882 vCaribbean slope of Mexico (S Veracruz to N Chiapas and Yucatan Pen.), Belize, N Guatemala
bangsi Dickey & van Rossem, 1926 iSE Mexico (SE Chiapas) to S and W Honduras and NW Nicaragua
nuttingi Ridgway, 1915 iLake Nicaragua (W shore and Isla de Ometepe)
verreauxi Bonaparte, 1855122 iSW Nicaragua and Costa Rica to N Colombia, N Venezuela, Netherlands Antilles and Trinidad
tobagensis Hellmayr & von Seilern, 1915 vTobago
hernandezi Romero & Morales, 1981 iSE Colombia (W and S Amazonas) [Romero-Zambrano, 1981 #3377]
decolor Salvin, 1895 iLowlands and Andean slopes of W Colombia to WC Peru (Marañón valley, Huancavelica)
brasiliensis (Bonaparte, 1856) vThe Guianas and N Brazil (north of R. Amazon, west to R. Branco)
approximans Cory, 1917 iNE Brazil (Maranhão to Paraíba and N Bahia)
decipiens (Salvadori, 1871) iE Peru, E Bolivia, C and S Brazil (Mato Grosso to S Bahia and Rio de Janeiro) to NC Argentina (Córdoba)
chalcauchenia P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1870123,124 αvSE Brazil (Paraná) to Uruguay and NE Argentina (Buenos Aires)
Leptotila jamaicensis125 Caribbean Dove
gaumeri (Lawrence, 1885) iSE Mexico (N Yucatan Pen. and islands), islands off NE Belize; Islas de la Bahía (off N Honduras)
collaris (Cory, 1886) vCayman Is. (Grand Cayman)
jamaicensis (Linnaeus, 1766) vJamaica126
neoxena (Cory, 1887) vIsla de San Andrés (W Caribbean)
Leptotila rufaxilla Gray-fronted Dove
pallidipectus Chapman, 1915 iE Colombia (south to R. Guaviare) and W Venezuela
dubusi Bonaparte, 1855127 iE Ecuador to SC Venezuela, W Brazil, E Peru and NE Bolivia
rufaxilla (Richard & Bernard, 1792)128 iE Venezuela, the Guianas and N Brazil (south to R. Madeira and east to N Maranhão)
hellmayri Chapman, 1915 iNE Venezuela (Paria Pen.), Trinidad
bahiae von Berlepsch, 1885 iC Brazil (Bahia to C Mato Grosso do Sul)
reichenbachii von Pelzeln, 1870 iS Brazil (S Mato Grosso do Sul to Espírito Santo) and E Paraguay to Uruguay
Leptotila wellsi 129  (Lawrence, 1884) Grenada Dove
iGrenada (S Lesser Antilles)
Leptotila pallida   von Berlepsch & Taczanowski, 1884 Pallid Dove
vW Colombia (S Chocó) to NW Peru (Tumbes)
Leptotila plumbeiceps Gray-headed Dove
1 plumbeiceps P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1868130 iE Mexico (S Tamaulipas) to N Nicaragua; NW Costa Rica; NW Panama (Bocas del Toro, Isla de Colón); WC Colombia (Cauca valley)
2 malae Griscom, 1927 WC Panama (S Veraguas, W Herrera; Isla Cebaco)
2 battyi Rothschild, 1901131 Isla de Coiba (off SW Panama)
Leptotila megalura 132  P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1879 Large-tailed Dove
vAndes of Bolivia to NW Argentina (La Rioja)
Leptotila cassinii133 Gray-chested Dove
cerviniventris P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1868 vSE Mexico (E Tabasco, N Chiapas) along Caribbean slope to NW Panama (Laguna de Chiriquí)
rufinucha P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1873 iSW Costa Rica, W Panama (Chiriquí)
cassinii Lawrence, 1867134 δiC Panama (Veraguas) to NC Colombia (Chocó to Bolívar)
Leptotila conoveri   J. Bond & Meyer de Schauensee, 1943 Tolima Dove
iE slope of C Andes of Colombia (Tolima, Huila) [Bond, 1943 #425]
Leptotila ochraceiventris   Chapman, 1914 Ochre-bellied Dove
vSW Ecuador (Manabí) to NW Peru (Piura)
GEOTRYGON Gosse, 1847 F - Columba cristata Temminck, 1809; type by subsequent designation (Reichenbach, 1853, Das natürliche System der Vögel, p. xxv). = Columbigallina versicolor Lafresnaye, 1846  135
Geotrygon chrysia   Bonaparte, 1855 Key West Quail Dove
vBahamas, Cuba, Isla de la Juventud, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico
Geotrygon mystacea 136  (Temminck, 1811) Bridled Quail Dove
vPuerto Rico, Virgin Is., Lesser Antilles (south to St. Lucia)
Geotrygon albifacies 137  P.L. Sclater, 1858 White-faced Quail Dove
iMountains of SC Mexico (SE San Luis Potosí, Guerrero) to NW Nicaragua
Geotrygon chiriquensis   P.L. Sclater, 1856 Chiriqui Quail Dove
vMountains of Costa Rica and W Panama (Chiriquí, Veraguas)
Geotrygon carrikeri 138  (Wetmore, 1941) Tuxtla Quail Dove
iSE Mexico (Sierra de los Tuxtlas in S Veracruz) [Wetmore, 1941 #4129]
Geotrygon lawrencii 139  Salvin, 1874 Purplish-backed Quail Dove
iFoothills of Costa Rica (Caribbean slope) and Panama
Geotrygon costaricensis   Lawrence, 1868 Buff-fronted Quail Dove
vMountains of Costa Rica and W Panama (east to Veraguas)
Geotrygon goldmani Russet-crowned Quail Dove
oreas Wetmore, 1950 iE Panama (Cerro Chucanti on Panamá/Darién border) [Wetmore, 1950 #4133]
goldmani Nelson, 1912 iMountains of E Panama (west to C Panamá) and NW Colombia (NW Chocó)
Geotrygon caniceps   (Gundlach, 1852) Gray-headed Quail Dove
iCuba
Geotrygon leucometopia 140  (Chapman, 1917) White-fronted Quail Dove
vDominican Republic
Geotrygon versicolor   (Lafresnaye, 1846) Crested Quail Dove
iJamaica
Geotrygon linearis Lined Quail Dove
infusca Bangs, 1900141 vSanta Marta Mts. (N Colombia)
linearis (Prévost, 1843) vSierra de Perijá; Andes and Coastal Range of Venezuela (east to Miranda); C and E Andes of Colombia
trinitatis Hellmayr & von Seilern, 1912142 Mountains of NE Venezuela (Sucre, N Monagas), Trinidad, Tobago
Geotrygon frenata143 White-throated Quail Dove
bourcieri Bonaparte, 1855144 iW and C Andes of Colombia, both slopes of Andes of Ecuador (south to El Oro and Zamora-Chinchipe)
subgrisea (Chapman, 1922)145 vW slope of Andes of SW Ecuador (Loja) and NW Peru (E Piura, NW Cajamarca)
frenata (von Tschudi, 1843)146 vE slope of Andes from N Peru (Amazonas) to C Bolivia (Cochabamba, W Santa Cruz)
margaritae Blake, G. Hoy & Contino, 1961 iAndes of S Bolivia (Chuquisaca) to NW Argentina (Salta) [Blake, 1961 #320]
Geotrygon saphirina Sapphire Quail Dove
1 purpurata (Salvin, 1878)147 vW Colombia (S Chocó) to NW Ecuador (Esmeraldas, NW Pichincha)
2 saphirina Bonaparte, 1855148 vE Ecuador, W Brazil (W Amazonas) and E Peru
2 rothschildi (Stolzmann, 1926) iSE Peru (Marcapata valley)
Geotrygon violacea Violaceous Quail Dove
albiventer Lawrence, 1865 iSE Nicaragua to N Colombia, W and N Venezuela
violacea (Temminck, 1809) αvSE Colombia, NE Ecuador; Surinam; N and E Bolivia; E and SE Brazil, E Paraguay, NE Argentina
Geotrygon montana Ruddy Quail Dove
martinica (Linnaeus, 1766)149,150 vGuadeloupe to St. Vincent (Lesser Antilles)
montana (Linnaeus, 1758) vMexico to SW Ecuador, NE Argentina and SE Brazil; Greater Antilles, Virgin Is.; Grenada, Trinidad
Geotrygon veraguensis 151  Lawrence, 1866 Olive-backed Quail Doveα
vCosta Rica and Panama (mainly Caribbean slope), W Colombia and NW Ecuador (N Esmeraldas)
ZENAIDA Bonaparte, 1838 F - Zenaida amabilis Bonaparte, 1838; type by tautonymy = Columba zenaida Bonaparte, 1825  152
Zenaida asiatica White-winged Dove
mearnsi (Ridgway, 1915)153 iSW USA (S California to S New Mexico), W and C Mexico, Islas Marías (off W Mexico)
asiatica (Linnaeus, 1758)154 vSE USA (S Florida; SE Texas), E and S Mexico to Nicaragua; Bahamas, Greater Antilles
australis (J.L. Peters, 1913)155 vNW Costa Rica; WC Panama
Zenaida meloda 156  (von Tschudi, 1843) West Peruvian Dove
vCoastal SW Ecuador (S Manabí) to N Chile (Coquimbo)
Zenaida aurita Zenaida Dove
salvadorii Ridgway, 1916157 iE Mexico (coast of N Yucatan Pen.; Isla de Cozumel, Isla Holbox and Isla Mujeres)
zenaida (Bonaparte, 1825) iBahamas, Cuba, Isla de la Juventud, Cayman Is., Jamaica and Puerto Rico to Virgin Is.
aurita (Temminck, 1809) αvAnguilla to Grenada (Lesser Antilles)
Zenaida auriculata Eared Dove
caucae Chapman, 1922 iW Colombia (Cauca valley)
antioquiae Chapman, 1917 iNC Colombia (C Andes in Antioquia)
pentheria Bonaparte, 1855158 vAndes of Venezuela (Mérida) to E Andes of Colombia [Bonaparte, 1855 #14612]
vulcania Meyer de Schauensee, 1944159 vAndes of SW Colombia (Nariño) [Meyer de Schauensee, 1944 #2664]
hypoleuca Bonaparte, 1855 vW Ecuador and W Peru to NW Bolivia (La Paz) and N Chile (Tarapacá)
vinaceorufa Ridgway, 1884 vAruba, Curaçao and Bonaire
stenura Bonaparte, 1855160 vS Lesser Antilles, Trinidad; N and C Colombia, N and C Venezuela, Guyana and N Brazil (N Roraima)
jessieae Ridgway, 1888 iN Brazil (lower R. Amazon west to Obidos)
marajoensis von Berlepsch, 1913 vN Brazil (Ilha Mexiana, Ilha de Marajó, coastal Pará and Maranhão)
noronha Sharpe, 1890 iNE Brazil (interior of Maranhão to Ceará and Bahia); Fernando de Noronha I.
chrysauchenia (Reichenbach, 1847)161 vE Bolivia and C Brazil (S Mato Grosso to Minas Gerais) to S Argentina (Santa Cruz) [Reichenbach, 1847 #15254]
auriculata (Des Murs, 1847) vC Chile (Atacama to Los Lagos) and WC Argentina (Mendoza, Neuquén)
Zenaida galapagoensis162 Galapagos Dove
galapagoensis Gould, 1841 αvGalapagos Is. (except Culpepper and Wenman)
exsul (Rothschild & E. Hartert, 1899) iN Galapagos Is. (Culpepper, Wenman)
Zenaida macroura Mourning Dove
marginella (Woodhouse, 1852) iSW Canada (S British Columbia to SW Ontario) to SC Mexico (Oaxaca)
carolinensis (Linnaeus, 1766)163 vSE Canada (S Ontario to Nova Scotia) to S USA (Louisiana to Florida); Bermuda; Bahamas
macroura (Linnaeus, 1758) iFlorida Keys, Cuba, Isla de la Juventud, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico164
clarionensis (C.H. Townsend, 1890) vIsla Clarión (off W Mexico)
turturilla (Wetmore, 1956) vCosta Rica, W Panama [Wetmore, 1956 #4139]
Zenaida graysoni   (Lawrence, 1871) Socorro Dove
iIsla Socorro (off W Mexico)165
PERISTERINAE166
COLUMBINA von Spix, 1825 F - Columbina strepitans von Spix, 1825; type by subsequent designation (G.R. Gray, 1841, A List of the Genera of Birds, ed. 2, p. 75).  167
Columbina inca 168  (Lesson, 1847) Inca Dove
iSW and SC USA (S Nevada to SW Arkansas) to WC Costa Rica (C Puntarenas, Cartago)
Columbina squammata169 Scaled Dove
ridgwayi (Richmond, 1896) iNE and E Colombia (south to Meta and Vichada) and N Venezuela; Isla de Margarita
squammata (Lesson, 1831) vE and S Brazil, E Bolivia (SE Santa Cruz), E Paraguay and NE Argentina (Misiones)
Columbina passerina Common Ground Dove
passerina (Linnaeus, 1758) vSE USA (South Carolina to SE Texas)
pallescens (S.F. Baird, 1860) iSW USA (S California to C Texas) to SW Honduras
socorroensis (Ridgway, 1887) vIsla Socorro (off W Mexico)
neglecta (Carriker, 1910) vNE Honduras to W Panama (Azuero Pen.)
bahamensis (Maynard, 1887)170 vBermuda, Bahamas, Turks and Caicos Is.
exigua (Riley, 1905) vIsla Mona (off W Puerto Rico)171
insularis (Ridgway, 1888)172 vCuba, Isla de la Juventud, Cayman Is., Hispaniola and neighbouring islands
jamaicensis (Maynard, 1899) vJamaica
umbrina Buden, 1985 vIle de la Tortue (off NW Haiti) [Buden, 1985 #565]
portoricensis (P.R. Lowe, 1908) vPuerto Rico, Isla de Culebra, Vieques I., Virgin Is. (except St. Croix)
nigrirostris (S.T. Danforth, 1935) vS Virgin Is. (St. Croix) and N Lesser Antilles (Anguilla to Dominica)
trochila (Bonaparte, 1855) iMartinique and St. Lucia (C Lesser Antilles)
antillarum (P.R. Lowe, 1908) iSt. Vincent and Barbados to Grenada (S Lesser Antilles)
albivitta (Bonaparte, 1855)173 iN Colombia, N and C Venezuela; Aruba to Trinidad
parvula (Todd, 1913) vC Colombia (upper Magdalena valley)
nana (Todd, 1913) iW Colombia (Cauca, upper Dagua and upper Patía valleys)
quitensis (Todd, 1913) vCentral valley of Ecuador (S Carchi to Azuay)
griseola von Spix, 1825 vS Venezuela (SW Amazonas), the Guianas, N and NE Brazil (west to R. Negro and R. Madeira, south to Bahia)
Columbina minuta Plain-breasted Ground Dove
interrupta (Griscom, 1929) vS Mexico (Guerrero, C Veracruz) and Belize locally to Nicaragua
elaeodes (Todd, 1913) iCosta Rica, Panama, N and W Colombia (Córdoba to Cesar; Cauca valley)
minuta (Linnaeus, 1766)174 vE Colombia to the Guianas and NE Brazil, south locally to SE Peru and NE Argentina; SW Ecuador and coastal W Peru
Columbina buckleyi Ecuadorian Ground Dove
buckleyi (P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1877) iNW Ecuador (Esmeraldas) to NW Peru (Tumbes)
dorsti (Koepcke, 1962)175 iNW Peru (Marañón valley) [Koepcke, 1962 #2256]
Columbina talpacoti176 Ruddy Ground Dove
eluta (Bangs, 1901) vW Mexico (S Sonora to Chiapas)
rufipennis (Bonaparte, 1855) vE Mexico (S Tamaulipas) to N Colombia, N Venezuela, Isla de Margarita, Trinidad and Tobago
caucae (Chapman, 1915) iW Colombia (Cauca Valley)
talpacoti (Temminck, 1810) αiE Ecuador and E Peru to the Guianas and Brazil, south to Uruguay and N Argentina (Buenos Aires)
Columbina picui Picui Ground Dove
strepitans von Spix, 1825 iNE Brazil (Maranhão to Rio Grande do Norte and Bahia)
picui (Temminck, 1813) iE Bolivia and S Brazil to S Argentina; C Chile (Atacama to Araucanía) >> north to E Peru
Columbina cruziana   (Prévost, 1842) Croaking Ground Dove
vSW Colombia (SW Nariño) to N Chile (Tarapacá); WC Peru (Marañón, Mantaro and Pampas valleys)
Columbina cyanopis 177  (von Pelzeln, 1870) Blue-eyed Ground Dove
vSC Brazil (very locally in S Mato Grosso, Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul)
CLARAVIS Oberholser, 1899 F - Columba cinerea Temminck, 1811; type by original designation = Peristera pretiosa Ferrari-Pérez, 1886  
Claravis pretiosa   (Ferrari-Pérez, 1886) Blue Ground Dove
vE and S Mexico (S Tamaulipas, S Chiapas) to NW Peru (Piura) and N Argentina (Salta, Misiones)
Claravis mondetoura 178  (Bonaparte, 1856) Maroon-chested Ground Dove
Mountains of E Mexico to W Panama; Coastal Range of Venezuela; Sierra de Perijá; Andes of SW Venezuela to WC Bolivia
Claravis geoffroyi 179,180  (Temminck, 1811) Purple-winged Ground Doveδ
iSE Brazil (Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro to Santa Catarina), E Paraguay and NE Argentina (Misiones)
METRIOPELIA Bonaparte, 1855 F - Columba melanoptera J.F. Gmelin, 1789; type by original designation = Columba melanoptera G.I. Molina, 1782  
Metriopelia ceciliae Bare-faced Ground Dove
ceciliae (Lesson, 1845) iW Andes of Peru
obsoleta (J.T. Zimmer, 1924) vE Andes of N and SC Peru (upper Marañón valley; Huancavelica to Apurímac)
zimmeri J.L. Peters, 1937 iAndes from S Peru (S Arequipa, Puno) to N Chile (Tarapacá) and NW Argentina (Jujuy)
Metriopelia morenoi   (Sharpe, 1902) Moreno's Ground Dove
iAndes of NW Argentina (Jujuy to Tucumán and La Rioja)
Metriopelia melanoptera Black-winged Ground Dove
saturatior C. Chubb, 1917 vAndes of SW Colombia (Nariño) to S Ecuador (Azuay)
melanoptera (G.I. Molina, 1782) vAndes of N Peru (S Cajamarca) to S Chile (Aisén) and SW Argentina (NW Santa Cruz)
Metriopelia aymara   (Prévost, 1840) Golden-spotted Ground Dove
iAndes of C Peru (Pasco) to N Chile (Coquimbo) and W Argentina (Mendoza)
UROPELIA Bonaparte, 1855 F - Columbina campestris von Spix, 1825; type by monotypy  181
Uropelia campestris 182  (von Spix, 1825) Long-tailed Ground Dove
vNC, C and SW Brazil (SE Amapá to N Pará; S Maranhão to N Mato Grosso do Sul and W Minas Gerais), NE and E Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz)
RAPHINAE
HENICOPHAPS G.R. Gray, 1862 F - Henicophaps albifrons G.R. Gray, 1862; type by monotypy  183
Henicophaps albifrons184 New Guinea Bronzewing
albifrons G.R. Gray, 1862 iWestern Papuan Is., lowland New Guinea, Yapen I.
schlegeli (von Rosenberg, 1866) iAru Is. (off SW New Guinea)
Henicophaps foersteri   Rothschild & E. Hartert, 1906 New Britain Bronzewing
iUmboi, New Britain, Lolobau (Bismarck Arch.)
ALOPECOENAS Sharpe, 1899 M - Leptoptila hoedtii Schlegel, 1871; type by monotypy  185
Alopecoenas hoedtii   (Schlegel, 1871) Wetar Ground Dove
Timor and Wetar (Lesser Sundas)
Alopecoenas jobiensis White-bibbed Ground Dove
jobiensis (A.B. Meyer, 1875) vLowland New Guinea (except W Vogelkop), Yapen I., islands off N New Guinea, Bismarck Arch., D'Entrecasteaux Arch.
chalconotus (Mayr, 1935) vVella Lavella, Guadalcanal, San Cristobal (C and SE Solomons)
Alopecoenas kubaryi   (Finsch, 1880) White-fronted Ground Dove
Tol, Weno (Chuuk) and Pohnpei (Caroline Is.)
Alopecoenas xanthonurus   (Temminck, 1823) White-throated Ground Dove
vNorthern Mariana Is., Guam, Caroline Is. (Yap)
Alopecoenas erythropterus 186,187  (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) Polynesian Ground Dove
vTuamotu Arch.
Alopecoenas rubescens   (Vieillot, 1818) Marquesan Ground Dove
Fatu Huku, Hatutae (Iles Marquises)
Alopecoenas beccarii Bronze Ground Dove
beccarii (Salvadori, 1876) iMontane New Guinea (mountains of Vogelkop, central cordillera and Huon Pen.)
johannae (P.L. Sclater, 1877) iKarkar I. (off NE New Guinea), Bismarck Arch. (except Admiralty Is. and St. Matthias Group)
eichhorni (E. Hartert, 1924) iSt. Matthias Group (Bismarck Arch.)
admiralitatis (Rothschild & E. Hartert, 1914) iAdmiralty Is. (Bismarck Arch.)
intermedius (Rothschild & E. Hartert, 1905) vBougainville, Gizo, Kolombangara, New Georgia (N and C Solomons)
solomonensis (Ogilvie-Grant, 1888) vGuadalcanal and San Cristobal to Rennell (SE and S Solomons)
masculinus (Salomonsen, 1972)188 vNissan (Green Is.) [Salomonsen, 1972 #3456]
Alopecoenas canifrons 189  (Hartlaub & Finsch, 1872) Palau Ground Dove
Palau
Alopecoenas sanctaecrucis   (Mayr, 1935) Santa Cruz Ground Dove
Utupua, Ndeni, Tinakula (Santa Cruz Is.), Espíritu Santo (Vanuatu)
Alopecoenas stairi 190  (G.R. Gray, 1856) Friendly Ground Dove
Fiji, Alofi (Wallis and Futuna Is.), Samoa, American Samoa, Tonga
Alopecoenas salamonis   (E.P. Ramsay, 1882) Thick-billed Ground Dove
Ramos, San Cristobal (SE Solomons)
Alopecoenas ferrugineus   (Wagler, 1829) Tanna Ground Dove
Tanna (Vanuatu)
LEUCOSARCIA Gould, 1843 F - Columba picata Latham, 1801; type by monotypy = Columba melanoleuca Latham, 1801  
Leucosarcia melanoleuca 191  (Latham, 1801) Wonga Pigeonα
vEC Queensland to SC Victoria
PETROPHASSA Gould, 1841 F - Petrophassa albipennis Gould, 1841; type by monotypy  
Petrophassa rufipennis   Collett, 1898 Chestnut-quilled Rock Pigeon
vNC Australia (W Arnhem Land)
Petrophassa albipennis192 White-quilled Rock Pigeon
albipennis Gould, 1841193 vNW Australia (W, N and E Kimberley Division to SE Joseph Bonaparte Gulf)
boothi Goodwin, 1969 iNW Australia (mid R. Victoria in N Northern Territory) [Goodwin, 1969 #1736]
GEOPHAPS G.R. Gray, 1842 F - Columba scripta Temminck, 1821; type by original designation  194
Geophaps plumifera195 Spinifex Pigeon
ferruginea (Gould, 1865) vC Western Australia (Grant Range to Pilbara region)
plumifera Gould, 1842196 vNW Australia (S Kimberley Division and R. Victoria region)
leucogaster (Gould, 1867) iC to inland NE Australia
Geophaps scripta197 Squatter Pigeon
peninsulae H.L. White, 1922 iNE Australia (Cape York Pen. to NE Queensland)
scripta (Temminck, 1821) vEC and SC Queensland, NC New South Wales
Geophaps smithii Partridge Pigeon
blaauwi Mathews, 1912198 iNW Australia (N Kimberley Division)
smithii (Jardine & Selby, 1830) iNC Australia (Arnhem Land to R. Roper)
PHAPS Selby, 1835 F - Columba chalcoptera Latham, 1790; type by original designation  
Phaps chalcoptera 199  (Latham, 1790) Common Bronzewing
vAustralia, Tasmania
Phaps elegans Brush Bronzewing
occidentalis Schodde, 1989 vSW Western Australia [Schodde, 1989 #3517]
elegans (Temminck, 1809)200 αiCoastal SE Queensland to SE South Australia, Tasmania
Phaps histrionica 201  (Gould, 1841) Harlequin Bronzewing/Flock Bronzewing
vInland N, E and C Australia
OCYPHAPS G.R. Gray, 1842 F - Columba lophotes Temminck, 1822; type by original designation  
Ocyphaps lophotes Crested Pigeon
whitlocki Mathews, 1912202 iW Australia (Pilbara to SW Australia)
lophotes (Temminck, 1822) iNW, C, S and E Australia
GEOPELIA Swainson, 1837 F - Geopelia lineata Swainson, 1837; type by monotypy = Columba striata Linnaeus, 1766  
Geopelia cuneata 203  (Latham, 1801) Diamond Doveα
vInland Australia to W coast
Geopelia striata 204  (Linnaeus, 1766) Zebra Dove
vS continental SE Asia, Thai-Malay Pen., Greater Sundas, Philippines, W Lesser Sundas (Lombok)205
Geopelia placida206 Peaceful Dove
papua Rand, 1938 iSC and SE New Guinea [Rand, 1938 #3181]
placida Gould, 1844207,208 vN and E Australia
clelandi Mathews, 1912209 iWC Western Australia (Pilbara region)
Geopelia maugeus 210,211  (Temminck, 1809) Barred Dove&alphaδ
iSE Moluccas (Tayandu Is., Kai Is.), C and E Lesser Sundas (west to Sumbawa and Sumba)
Geopelia humeralis212 Bar-shouldered Dove
gregalis Bangs & J.L. Peters, 1926 vSC and SE New Guinea
headlandi Mathews, 1913213 iWC Western Australia (Pilbara region)
inexpectata Mathews, 1912 vNW to NE Australia (Cape York Pen.)
humeralis (Temminck, 1821) vE Australia (south of Cape York Pen.)
TRUGON G.R. Gray, 1849 F - Trugon terrestris G.R. Gray, 1849; type by monotypy  214
Trugon terrestris Thick-billed Ground Pigeon
terrestris G.R. Gray, 1849 vSalawati, lowland NW New Guinea (Vogelkop)
mayri Rothschild, 1931 iLowland N New Guinea (E coast of Cenderawasih Bay to Astrolabe Bay)
leucopareia (A.B. Meyer, 1886) iLowland S New Guinea (head of Cenderawasih Bay to Milne Bay)
OTIDIPHAPS Gould, 1870 F - Otidiphaps nobilis Gould, 1870; type by monotypy  215
Otidiphaps nobilis Pheasant Pigeon
aruensis Rothschild, 1928 vAru Is. (off SW New Guinea)
nobilis Gould, 1870 vLower montane NW and WC New Guinea (mountains of Vogelkop and W central cordillera)
cervicalis E.P. Ramsay, 1880 vLower montane EC and NE New Guinea (mountains of E central cordillera and Huon Pen.)
insularis Salvin & Godman, 1883 vFergusson I. (D'Entrecasteaux Arch.)
GALLICOLUMBA J.G. Heck, 1849 F - Columba cruenta J.F. Gmelin, 1789; type by monotypy = Columba luzonica Scopoli, 1786  
Gallicolumba luzonica216 Luzon Bleeding-heart
griseolateralis Parkes, 1962 vN Luzon (Philippines) [Parkes, 1962 #2916]
luzonica (Scopoli, 1786) vC and S Luzon (Philippines)
rubiventris Gonzales, 1979 αvCatanduanes (Philippines) [Gonzales, 1979 #1724]
Gallicolumba crinigera Mindanao Bleeding-heart
leytensis (E. Hartert, 1918) vSamar, Leyte, Bohol (Philippines)
crinigera (Pucheran, 1853) vMindanao, Dinagat (Philippines)
bartletti (P.L. Sclater, 1864)217 αiBasilan (Philippines) [Sclater, 1864 #3551]
Gallicolumba platenae   (Salvadori, 1893) Mindoro Bleeding-heart
iMindoro (Philippines)
Gallicolumba keayi   (W.E. Clarke, 1900) Negros Bleeding-heart
iNegros and Panay (Philippines)
Gallicolumba menagei   (Bourns & Worcester, 1894) Sulu Bleeding-heart
iTawi-Tawi (Sulu Arch.)
Gallicolumba tristigmata Sulawesi Ground Dove
tristigmata (Bonaparte, 1855) vN and NC Sulawesi
auripectus Stresemann, 1941218 iSC and SE Sulawesi [Stresemann, 1941 #3765]
bimaculata (Salvadori, 1892) vSW Sulawesi
Gallicolumba rufigula Cinnamon Ground Dove
rufigula (Pucheran, 1853) iWestern Papuan Is., lowland NW New Guinea (Vogelkop)
septentrionalis Rand, 1941 vLowland N and NE New Guinea (R. Mamberamo to Huon Gulf) [Rand, 1941 #3184]
alaris Rand, 1941 vLowland SW and SC New Guinea (head of Cenderawasih Bay to R. Fly region) [Rand, 1941 #3184]
orientalis Rand, 1941 vLowland SE New Guinea (west to Huon Gulf on N coast and Gulf of Papua on S coast) [Rand, 1941 #3184]
helviventris (von Rosenberg, 1866) αvAru Is. (off SW New Guinea)
TRERON Vieillot, 1816 M - Columba curvirostra J.F. Gmelin, 1789; type by monotypy  219
Treron fulvicollis Cinnamon-headed Green Pigeon
fulvicollis (Wagler, 1827) vS Tenasserim, Thai-Malay Pen., Sumatra
melopogenys (Oberholser, 1912) iNias I. and Siberut I. (off W Sumatra)
oberholseri Chasen, 1935 αiNatuna Is. (Indonesia)
baramensis A.B. Meyer, 1891 vBorneo and northern satellites
Treron olax   (Temminck, 1823) Little Green Pigeon
iThai-Malay Pen., Greater Sundas
Treron vernans 220  (Linnaeus, 1771) Pink-necked Green Pigeon
iContinental SE Asia (except NW and NE), Thai-Malay Pen., Greater Sundas, Philippines, Sulawesi, S Moluccas, W Lesser Sundas (east to Sumbawa)
Treron bicinctus Orange-breasted Green Pigeon
leggei E. Hartert, 1910 iSri Lanka
bicinctus (Jerdon, 1840) vS Asia, mainland SE Asia
domvilii (Swinhoe, 1870) iHainan
javanus Robinson & Kloss, 1923 vJava, Bali
Treron pompadora221,222 Pompadour Green Pigeon
conoveri Rand & R.L. Fleming Sr., 1953 iNepal [Rand, 1953 #3191]
phayrei (Blyth, 1862) iFoothills of E Himalayas (west to West Bengal), Bangladesh, NE India, S Yunnan, continental SE Asia
affinis (Jerdon, 1840) vSW India
pompadora (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) iSri Lanka
chloropterus Blyth, 1846223,224 αvCoco Is. (off Myanmar), Andamans and Nicobars
amadoni Parkes, 1965 iN Luzon (Philippines) [Parkes, 1965 #2917]
axillaris (Bonaparte, 1855) vCatanduanes, Luzon, Mindoro, Polillo (Philippines)
canescens Parkes, 1965 iW and E Visayan Is., Mindanao, Basilan (Philippines) [Parkes, 1965 #2917]
everetti (Rothschild, 1894) iSulu Arch.
aromaticus (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) vBuru (S Moluccas)
Treron curvirostra225 Thick-billed Green Pigeon
nipalensis (Hodgson, 1836) vFoothills of C and E Himalayas (west to WC Nepal), E Bangladesh, NE India, mainland SE Asia to N Thai-Malay Pen.
hainanus E. Hartert & Goodson, 1918 vHainan
curvirostra (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)226 iC and S Thai-Malay Pen., Sumatra
haliplous Oberholser, 1912 vSimeulue I. (off W Sumatra)
pegus Oberholser, 1912 vNias I. (off W Sumatra)
smicrus Oberholser, 1912 vBatu Is. and Mentawai Is. (off W Sumatra)
hypothapsinus Oberholser, 1912 vEnggano I. (off W Sumatra)
nasica Schlegel, 1863 iBorneo
erimacrus Oberholser, 1924 vBalabac, Palawan, Mindoro (Philippines)
Treron griseicauda227 Grey-cheeked Green Pigeon
sangirensis Brüggemann, 1876 vTalaud Is., Sangir Is.
wallacei (Salvadori, 1893)228 iSulawesi and satellites [Salvadori, 1893 #3464]
vordermani Finsch, 1901 αiKangean Is. (Java Sea)
pallidior (E. Hartert, 1896)229 vFlores Sea islands
griseicauda Bonaparte, 1857230,231,232 αiJava, Bali [Bonaparte, 1857 #419]233
Treron teysmannii   Schlegel, 1879 Sumba Green Pigeon
iSumba (Lesser Sundas)
Treron floris   Wallace, 1864 Flores Green Pigeon
iLombok to Alor (Lesser Sundas)
Treron psittaceus   (Temminck, 1808) Timor Green Pigeon
vRoti to Timor (Lesser Sundas)
Treron capellei234 Large Green Pigeon
magnirostris Strickland, 1844235 vS Tenasserim, Thai-Malay Pen., Sumatra, Borneo [Blyth, 1844 #361]
capellei (Temminck, 1822) αiJava
Treron phoenicopterus236 Yellow-legged Green Pigeon
phoenicopterus (Latham, 1790) vNepal, Bhutan, N and E India (Himachal Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh to Assam), Bangladesh
chlorigaster (Blyth, 1843) iEC Pakistan, India (except NE)
phillipsi Ripley, 1949237 iSri Lanka [Ripley, 1949 #3299]
viridifrons Blyth, 1846 iMyanmar, NW Thailand, Yunnan
annamensis (Ogilvie-Grant, 1909) vE Thailand, S Laos, S Vietnam
Treron waalia 238  (F.A.A. Meyer, 1793) Bruce's Green Pigeon
iSenegal to Eritrea, N Somalia and N Uganda; Socotra, SW Saudi Arabia, Yemen, W Oman
Treron australis239 Madagascar Green Pigeon
griveaudi Benson, 1960240 iMohéli (Comoros) [Benson, 1960 #261]
xenius Salomonsen, 1934 vW Madagascar
australis (Linnaeus, 1771) vE Madagascar
Treron calvus241 African Green Pigeon
nudirostris (Swainson, 1837) vSenegal, Gambia, Guinea
sharpei (Reichenow, 1902) iSierra Leone to C Nigeria
calvus (Temminck, 1811) αvE Nigeria to C Angola, east to E and S DR Congo
poensis E. Hartert & Goodson, 1918 vBioko
virescens Amadon, 1953 iPríncipe [Amadon, 1953 #74]
uellensis (Reichenow, 1912) vN DR Congo to S Sudan, NW Uganda and SW Ethiopia
gibberifrons (von Madarász, 1915)242 iS South Sudan (Imatong Mts.) to Lake Victoria basin
brevicera E. Hartert & Goodson, 1918 iS Ethiopia, E Kenya, N and C Tanzania
wakefieldii Sharpe, 1874243 δiCoastal Kenya and NE Tanzania
granti (van Someren, 1919) iE Tanzania
orientalis (Gunning & Roberts, 1911)244,245 vSE Tanzania, NE Zambia, E Mozambique
salvadorii (A.J.C. Dubois, 1897)246 iSE DR Congo, W Tanzania, Zambia (except NE), N Malawi, NW Mozambique
ansorgei E. Hartert & Goodson, 1918 iS Angola, N Namibia
schalowi Reichenow, 1880247 iE Angola, NE Namibia, N Botswana, N Zimbabwe
vylderi Gyldenstolpe, 1924 iNW Namibia
glaucus Clancey, 1967 vS Zimbabwe, NE South Africa [Clancey, 1967 #831]
delalandii (Bonaparte, 1854) iE and SE South Africa, Swaziland
Treron pembaensis   Pakenham, 1940 Pemba Green Pigeon
vPemba I. (off NE Tanzania) [Pakenham, 1940 #2897]
Treron sanctithomae   (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) São Tomé Green Pigeon
iSão Tomé
Treron apicauda Pin-tailed Green Pigeon
apicauda Blyth, 1846248 αiHimalayan foothills (east from Uttarakhand), NE India, W Yunnan, SW Sichuan, Myanmar, W and N Thailand
laotianus (Delacour, 1926) vSE Yunnan, N Laos, N Vietnam
lowei (Delacour & Jabouille, 1924) iW, NW and NE Thailand, C Laos, C Vietnam
Treron oxyurus   (Temminck, 1823) Sumatran Green Pigeon
vMountains of Sumatra and W Java
Treron seimundi Yellow-vented Green Pigeon
modestus (Delacour, 1926) vW and SE Thailand, N and C Laos, C and S Vietnam
seimundi (Robinson, 1910) iMountains of C and S Thai-Malay Pen.
Treron sphenurus Wedge-tailed Green Pigeon
sphenurus (Vigors, 1832)249 vHimalayan foothills (east from Pakistan), NE India, Bangladesh, S China, N continental SE Asia
delacouri Biswas, 1950250 iMountains of C Vietnam [Biswas, 1950 #310]
robinsoni (Ogilvie-Grant, 1906) iMountains of C and S Thai-Malay Pen.
etorques (Salvadori, 1879)251 iMountains of Sumatra [Salvadori, 1879 #3460]
korthalsi (Bonaparte, 1855)252 iMountains of Java, Bali and Lombok
Treron sieboldii White-bellied Green Pigeon
sieboldii (Temminck, 1835) iJapan, E China
fopingensis Cheng Tso-hsin, Tan Yao-kuang & Sung Shih-yin, 1973253 δvE Sichuan and S Shaanxi [Cheng Tso-hsin, 1973 #730]
sororius (Swinhoe, 1866)254 vTaiwan
murielae (Delacour, 1927)255 iSC China, N Thailand, N and C Vietnam
Treron formosae256 Whistling Green Pigeon
permagnus Stejneger, 1887 vOsumi Is., Tokara Is., Amami Is., Okinawa Is. (Japan)
medioximus (Bangs, 1901) vYaeyama Is., Miyako-jima (Japan)
formosae Swinhoe, 1863 iTaiwan and neighbouring Lanyu I.
filipinus Hachisuka, 1952257 vIslands to N of Luzon [Hachisuka, 1952 #1860]
GOURA Stephens, 1819 F - Columba cristata Pallas, 1764; type by subsequent designation (G.R. Gray, 1840, A List of the Genera of Birds, p. 59).  
Goura cristata258,259 Western Crowned Pigeon
minor Schlegel, 1864 vWaigeo, Batanta (Western Papuan Is.)
cristata (Pallas, 1764) vSalawati, lowland NW New Guinea (Vogelkop)
pygmaea Mees, 1965 vMisool (Western Papuan Is.) [Mees, 1965 #2608]
Goura scheepmakeri Southern Crowned Pigeon
sclaterii Salvadori, 1876260 iLowland SC New Guinea (Trans-Fly region)
scheepmakeri Finsch, 1876 iLowland SE New Guinea (Gulf of Papua to Milne Bay region)
Goura victoria Victoria Crowned Pigeon
victoria (Fraser, 1844) iBiak I., Yapen I. (in Cenderawasih Bay)
beccarii Salvadori, 1876 iLowland N, NE and SE New Guinea (head of Cenderawasih Bay to Astrolabe Bay; Collingwood Bay)
CALOENAS G.R. Gray, 1840 F - Columba nicobarica J.F. Gmelin, 1789; type by original designation = Columba nicobarica Linnaeus, 1758  261
Caloenas nicobarica Nicobar Pigeon
nicobarica (Linnaeus, 1758) vSmall islands of the Andaman Sea and of S continental SE Asia to Wallacea, New Guinea, Bismarck Arch. and Solomons
pelewensis Finsch, 1875 vPalau
Caloenas maculata   (J.F. Gmelin, 1788) Liverpool Pigeon
Tahiti (?)
RAPHUS Brisson, 1760 M - Raphus Brisson; type by tautonymy = Struthio cucullatus Linnaeus, 1758  262,263
Raphus cucullatus   (Linnaeus, 1758) Dodo
vMauritius
PEZOPHAPS Strickland, 1848 F - Didus solitarius J.F. Gmelin, 1789; type by original designation  
Pezophaps solitaria   (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) Rodrigues Solitaire
vRodrigues
DIDUNCULUS Peale, 1848 M - Didunculus strigirostris Peale, 1848; type by monotypy = Gnathodon strigirostris Jardine, 1845  264
Didunculus strigirostris   (Jardine, 1845) Tooth-billed Pigeon
vSamoa
CHALCOPHAPS Gould, 1843 F - Columba chrysochlora Wagler, 1827; type by monotypy = Columba indica Linnaeus, 1758  
Chalcophaps indica Emerald Dove
1 indica (Linnaeus, 1758)265,266 vHimalayas (east from Uttarakhand), SW, E and NE India, Bangladesh, S China, Taiwan, S Japan (Yaeyama Is., Miyako Is.), SE Asia to Moluccas and W Lesser Sundas (east to Alor)
1 robinsoni E.C.S. Baker, 1928 iSri Lanka
1 maxima E. Hartert, 1931 vAndamans
1 augusta Bonaparte, 1855 vNicobars [Bonaparte, 1855 #415]
1 natalis Lister, 1889 vChristmas I. (Indian Ocean)
1 timorensis Bonaparte, 1856 vS and SE Moluccas (Banda Is., Tayandu Is., Kai Is.) and E Lesser Sundas (west to Roti and Wetar)
2 minima E. Hartert, 1931 vNumfoor I., Biak I., Mios Num I. (in Cenderawasih Bay)
2 longirostris Gould, 1848267,268 vNW and NC Australia (NW Kimberley Division, N Arnhem Land)
2 rogersi Mathews, 1912269 Coastal SC to SE and NE New Guinea, D'Entrecasteaux Arch., Louisiade Arch. to Woodlark I., coastal E Australia, Norfolk I. and Lord Howe I.
2 sandwichensis E.P. Ramsay, 1878 vSanta Cruz Is., Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Loyalty Is.
Chalcophaps stephani Stephan's Dove
wallacei Brüggemann, 1877 iSulawesi, Sula Is.
stephani Pucheran, 1853 iSE Moluccas (Kai Is.), Western Papuan Is., Aru Is., lowland New Guinea and islands off N coast, Bismarck Arch., D'Entrecasteaux Arch.
mortoni E.P. Ramsay, 1882 iSolomons (all main islands)
TURTUR Boddaert, 1783 M - Columba afra Linnaeus, 1766; type by monotypy  
Turtur chalcospilos 270  (Wagler, 1827) Emerald-spotted Wood Dove
iCoastal Gabon to SW Angola; Ethiopia, S Somalia and Kenya to N Namibia and E Cape Province
Turtur abyssinicus 271  (Sharpe, 1902) Black-billed Wood Dove
vMauritania to Eritrea, south to Cameroon, Central African Republic and N Uganda.
Turtur afer 272  (Linnaeus, 1766) Blue-spotted Wood Dove
vSenegal to Ethiopia, south to Angola, N and E Zambia, E Zimbabwe, C Mozambique and N Limpopo (South Africa)
Turtur tympanistria 273  (Temminck, 1809) Tambourine Doveα
iGuinea to S Nigeria, DR Congo and SW Ethiopia, south to N Angola, N and E Zambia, E Zimbabwe and E and S South Africa, Bioko; Comoros
Turtur brehmeri Blue-headed Wood Dove
infelix J.L. Peters, 1937 iS Guinea and Sierra Leone to S Cameroon
brehmeri (Hartlaub, 1865) iS Cameroon to E DR Congo and Angola (Cabinda)
OENA Swainson, 1837 F - Oena capensis Selby; type by monotypy = Columba capensis Linnaeus, 1766  
Oena capensis Namaqua Dove
capensis (Linnaeus, 1766) vS Mauritania to Eritrea south to South Africa; S Israel, Arabian Pen., Socotra
aliena Bangs, 1918 vMadagascar
PHAPITRERON Bonaparte, 1854 M - Columba leucotis Temminck, 1823; type by original designation and monotypy  
Phapitreron leucotis White-eared Brown Dove
leucotis (Temminck, 1823) vCatanduanes, Luzon, Mindoro (Philippines)
nigrorum (Sharpe, 1877) iW Visayan Is. (Philippines)
brevirostris (Tweeddale, 1877)274 vE Visayan Is., Mindanao (Philippines)
occipitalis (Salvadori, 1893) vBasilan, N Sulu Arch. (Philippines)
Phapitreron amethystinus Amethyst Brown Dove
amethystinus Bonaparte, 1857275,276 αvN, E and SE Philippines
imeldae de la Paz, 1976 iMarinduque (Philippines) [de la Paz, 1976 #1144]
maculipectus (Bourns & Worcester, 1894) iNegros and Panay (Philippines)
frontalis (Bourns & Worcester, 1894) vCebu (Philippines)
Phapitreron cinereiceps277 Dark-eared Brown Dove
1 brunneiceps (Bourns & Worcester, 1894)278 iMindanao, Basilan (Philippines)
2 cinereiceps (Bourns & Worcester, 1894) iTawi-Tawi (Sulu Arch.)
DUCULA Hodgson, 1836 F - Ducula insignis Hodgson, 1836; type by monotypy  
Ducula poliocephala 279  (G.R. Gray, 1844) Pink-bellied Imperial Pigeon
vPhilippines
Ducula forsteni   (Bonaparte, 1854) White-bellied Imperial Pigeon
iSulawesi, Sula Is.
Ducula mindorensis   (J. Whitehead, 1896) Mindoro Imperial Pigeon
vMindoro (Philippines)
Ducula radiata 280  (Quoy & Gaimard, 1830) Grey-headed Imperial Pigeon
vSulawesi
Ducula carola Spotted Imperial Pigeon
carola (Bonaparte, 1854) iLuzon, Mindoro and Sibuyan (Philippines)
†? nigrorum (J. Whitehead, 1897) iNegros and formerly Siquijor (Philippines)
mindanensis (Ogilvie-Grant, 1905) vMindanao (Philippines)
Ducula aenea281,282 Green Imperial Pigeon
sylvatica (Tickell, 1833)283 vE and NE India, Bangladesh, SW and S China, Hainan, mainland SE Asia to N Thai-Malay Pen.
pusilla (Blyth, 1849) vS India, Sri Lanka
andamanica Abdulali, 1964 vAndamans [Abdulali, 1964 #14]
nicobarica (von Pelzeln, 1865)284 vNicobars
consobrina (Salvadori, 1887)285 iIslands off W Sumatra (except Enggano I.)
oenothorax (Salvadori, 1892)286 iEnggano I. (off W Sumatra)
polia (Oberholser, 1917)287 vC and S Thai-Malay Pen. to Greater Sundas, W and C Lesser Sundas (east to Alor)
palawanensis (W. Blasius, 1888) vSW Philippines (Palawan and neighbouring islands) to Banggi I. (off N Borneo)
fugaensis (Hachisuka, 1930)288 δvCalayan, Fuga and Camiguin Norte (Philippines)
nuchalis (Cabanis, 1882) vN Luzon (Philippines)
aenea (Linnaeus, 1766)289 vRest of the Philippines
intermedia (A.B. Meyer & Wiglesworth, 1894)290 vTalaud Is., Sangir Is.
paulina Bonaparte, 1854291 iSulawesi and NE satellites, Togian Is., Banggai Is., Sula Is.
Ducula perspicillata White-eyed Imperial Pigeon
perspicillata (Temminck, 1824) vMorotai to Obi, Buru (Moluccas)
neglecta (Schlegel, 1866)292 αvAmbon, Seram and satellites (S Moluccas)
Ducula concinna 293  (Wallace, 1865) Blue-tailed Imperial Pigeon
vNE and SE satellites of Sulawesi, Flores Sea and Banda Sea islands, S Moluccas, E Lesser Sundas (west to Moa), Aru Is.
Ducula pacifica294 Pacific Imperial Pigeon
sejuncta Amadon, 1943 vSchouten Is. (off N New Guinea), Wuvulu I., Ninigo Group, Hermit Is., Kaniet Is. (W Bismarck Arch.) [Amadon, 1943 #71]
pacifica (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)295 vLouisiade Arch. (off SE New Guinea), outlying islands in S Solomons, Santa Cruz Is., Vanuatu, Loyalty Is.; Tuvalu, Phoenix Is.; Fiji (smal islands only) to American Samoa, Niue I. and Cook Is.
Ducula oceanica Micronesian Imperial Pigeon
monacha (Momiyama, 1922) iPalau, Caroline Is. (Yap)
teraokai (Momiyama, 1922) iChuuk (Caroline Is.)
townsendi (Wetmore, 1919) iPohnpei (Caroline Is.)
oceanica (Desmarest, 1826) vKosrae (Caroline Is.) [Desmarest, 1826 #10738]
ratakensis (Taka-Tsukasa & Yamashina, 1932) vWotje, Ailinglaplap, Arno, Jaluit (Marshall Is.)
Ducula aurorae Polynesian Imperial Pigeon
aurorae (Peale, 1848) iMakatea (Tuamotu Arch.)
wilkesii (Peale, 1848)296 iTahiti (Society Is.)
Ducula galeata   (Bonaparte, 1855) Nuku Hiva Imperial Pigeon
vNuku Hiva (Iles Marquises)
Ducula rubricera Red-knobbed Imperial Pigeon
rubricera (Bonaparte, 1854) iBismarck Arch. (including Hibernian Is., but not Admiralty Is. or St. Matthias Group)
rufigula (Salvadori, 1878) iSolomons (all main islands)
Ducula myristicivora297 Spice Imperial Pigeon
myristicivora (Scopoli, 1786) vWidi Is. (N Moluccas), Western Papuan Is.
geelvinkiana (Schlegel, 1873) vNumfoor I., Biak I., Mios Num I. (in Cenderawasih Bay)
Ducula rufigaster298 Purple-tailed Imperial Pigeon
rufigaster (Quoy & Gaimard, 1830)299 iWestern Papuan Is., lowland NW and SW New Guinea
uropygialis Stresemann & Paludan, 1932 vYapen I., lowland N, SC and SE New Guinea
Ducula basilica300 Cinnamon-bellied Imperial Pigeon
basilica Bonaparte, 1854 vN Moluccas (except Obi)
obiensis (E. Hartert, 1898) vObi (N Moluccas)
Ducula finschii   (E.P. Ramsay, 1882) Finsch's Imperial Pigeon
iNew Britain, New Ireland and satellite islands (Bismarck Arch.)
Ducula chalconota Shining Imperial Pigeon
chalconota (Salvadori, 1874) vMontane NW New Guinea (mountains of Vogelkop and Wondiwoi Pen.)
smaragdina Mayr, 1931 vMontane N, C and E New Guinea (North Coast Ranges, all central cordillera from Kobowre Mts. to Owen Stanley Range, mountains of Huon Pen.)
Ducula pistrinaria Island Imperial Pigeon
rhodinolaema (P.L. Sclater, 1877) vSmall islands off NE New Guinea, Bismarck Arch. (Wuvulu I., Hermit Is., Admiralty Is., St. Matthias Group, New Hanover, islands off SW New Britain)
vanwyckii (Cassin, 1862) iDjaul I. and New Ireland to New Britain and Witu Is. (Bismarck Arch.)
postrema E. Hartert, 1926 vSmall islands off SE New Guinea, including Deboyne Is., Amphlett Group, Woodlark I. and Louisiade Arch.
pistrinaria Bonaparte, 1857301 αiS Hibernian Is., Nissan (Green Is.), Solomons (all main islands)
Ducula rosacea 302,303  (Temminck, 1836) Pink-headed Imperial Pigeonα
vJava Sea and Flores Sea islands, N and SE Moluccas (to Kai Is.), C and E Lesser Sundas (west to Flores)
Ducula whartoni   (Sharpe, 1887) Christmas Imperial Pigeon
iChristmas I. (Indian Ocean)
Ducula pickeringii 304  (Cassin, 1855) Grey Imperial Pigeonα
iIslets off N Borneo to Sulu Sea, Miangas I. and Talaud Is.
Ducula latrans 305  (Peale, 1848) Barking Imperial Pigeon
iFiji
Ducula brenchleyi   (G.R. Gray, 1870) Chestnut-bellied Imperial Pigeon
iSE Solomons (west to Guadalcanal and Malaita)
Ducula bakeri   (Kinnear, 1928) Vanuatu Imperial Pigeon
iBanks Is., Espíritu Santo, Ambae, Maewo, Pentecost, Ambrym (Vanuatu)
Ducula goliath   (G.R. Gray, 1859) New Caledonian Imperial Pigeon
iNew Caledonia, Ile des Pins
Ducula pinon Pinon's Imperial Pigeon
pinon (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) iWestern Papuan Is., lowland NW New Guinea (Vogelkop) to all S and SE New Guinea, Aru Is.
jobiensis (Schlegel, 1871)306 vYapen I., lowland N and NE New Guinea (E coast of Cenderawasih Bay to Huon Gulf)
salvadorii (Tristram, 1882) iD'Entrecasteaux Arch. (main islands), Louisiade Arch. (main islands)
Ducula melanochroa   (P.L. Sclater, 1878) Bismarck Imperial Pigeon
iNew Britain, Umboi, New Ireland (Bismarck Arch.)
Ducula mullerii Collared Imperial Pigeon
aurantia (A.B. Meyer, 1893) vLowland N New Guinea (E coast of Cenderawasih Bay to Astrolabe Bay)
mullerii (Temminck, 1835) iLowland S New Guinea, Aru Is.
Ducula zoeae 307  (Desmarest, 1826) Banded Imperial Pigeon/Zoe's Imperial Pigeonα
iSalawati, Yapen I., lowland New Guinea, D'Entrecasteaux Arch. (Fergusson I.), Louisiade Arch. (Misima) [Desmarest, 1826 #10738]
Ducula badia308 Mountain Imperial Pigeon
insignis Hodgson, 1836 vFoothills of E Himalayas (west to E Nepal), NE India (Meghalaya), Bangladesh
griseicapilla Walden, 1875309 iNE India (Nagaland to Mizoram), W and S Yunnan, Hainan, continental SE Asia
cuprea (Jerdon, 1840)310 vSW India
badia (Raffles, 1822)311 vMountains of C and S Thai-Malay Pen., Sumatra, W Java, Borneo
Ducula lacernulata Dark-backed Imperial Pigeon
lacernulata (Temminck, 1822) αvMountains of W and C Java
williami (E. Hartert, 1896) iMountains of E Java, Bali
sasakensis (E. Hartert, 1896) vLombok to Flores (Lesser Sundas)
Ducula cineracea 312  (Temminck, 1835) Timor Imperial Pigeon
vTimor and Wetar (Lesser Sundas)
Ducula bicolor313 Pied Imperial Pigeon
bicolor (Scopoli, 1786)314 iAndaman Sea islands, coasts and islands of S continental SE Asia to Wallacea (except Sulawesi and the Moluccas), Western Papuan Is., Aru Is.
melanura (G.R. Gray, 1861)315 vN and S Moluccas
Ducula luctuosa 316  (Temminck, 1824) White Imperial Pigeonα
vSulawesi and satellites, including Banggai Is. and Sula Is.
Ducula spilorrhoa317 Torresian Imperial Pigeon
spilorrhoa (G.R. Gray, 1858)318 Aru Is., coastal New Guinea and islands to N and NE Australia
subflavescens (Finsch, 1886) Bismarck Arch. (main islands including Umboi and Long I.; Admiralty Is.)
PTILINOPUS Swainson, 1825 M - Ptilinopus regina Swainson, 1825; type by monotypy  319,320
Ptilinopus cinctus321 Banded Fruit Dove
baliensis E. Hartert, 1896 vBali
albocinctus Wallace, 1864 vLombok to Flores (Lesser Sundas)
everetti Rothschild, 1898 iPantar and Alor (Lesser Sundas)
cinctus (Temminck, 1809) αvTimor, Wetar and Roma (Lesser Sundas)
lettiensis Schlegel, 1871 αvLeti and Moa to Sermata, Teun (?) (Lesser Sundas)
ottonis E. Hartert, 1904 iDamar, Nila and Babar (Lesser Sundas)
Ptilinopus alligator 322  Collett, 1898 Black-banded Fruit Dove
NC Australia (W Arnhem Land)
Ptilinopus dohertyi   Rothschild, 1896 Red-naped Fruit Dove
iSumba (Lesser Sundas)
Ptilinopus porphyreus 323  (Temminck, 1822) Pink-headed Fruit Doveα
vSumatra, Java, Bali
Ptilinopus marchei   Oustalet, 1880 Flame-breasted Fruit Dove
iLuzon (Philippines)
Ptilinopus merrilli Cream-bellied Fruit Dove
faustinoi (Manuel, 1936) iN Luzon (Philippines) [Manuel, 1936 #2478]
merrilli (McGregor, 1916) iE and S Luzon, Catanduanes and Polillo (Philippines)
Ptilinopus occipitalis Yellow-breasted Fruit Dove
occipitalis G.R. Gray, 1844 vN and C Philippines
incognitus Tweeddale, 1877 vMindanao (Philippines)
Ptilinopus fischeri Red-eared Fruit Dove
fischeri Brüggemann, 1876 iN Sulawesi
centralis A.B. Meyer, 1903 vC and SE Sulawesi
meridionalis (A.B. Meyer & Wiglesworth, 1893) vSW Sulawesi
Ptilinopus jambu   (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) Jambu Fruit Dove
iC and S Thai-Malay Pen., Sumatra, Borneo, W Java
Ptilinopus subgularis324 Maroon-chinned Fruit Dove
epius (Oberholser, 1918)325 δvSulawesi
subgularis A.B. Meyer & Wiglesworth, 1896 vBanggai Is.
mangoliensis Rothschild, 1898 vSula Is.
Ptilinopus leclancheri Black-chinned Fruit Dove
taiwanus Ripley, 1962326 vTaiwan [Ripley, 1962 #3312]
longialis (Manuel, 1936) vLanyu I. (off S Taiwan), N Philippines (Batan, Sabtang, Calayan, Camiguin Norte) [Manuel, 1936 #2478]
leclancheri (Bonaparte, 1855) iPhilippines (except northern isles, Calamian Group and Palawan)
gironieri (J.P. Verreaux & Des Murs, 1862) iCalamian Group and Palawan (Philippines)
Ptilinopus bernsteinii327 Scarlet-breasted Fruit Dove
micrus (Jany, 1955) vObi (N Moluccas) [Jany, 1955 #2108]
bernsteinii Schlegel, 1863 iHalmahera, Ternate, Bacan (N Moluccas) [Schlegel, 1863 #3495]
Ptilinopus magnificus Wompoo Fruit Dove
puella (Lesson & Garnot, 1827)328 iWestern Papuan Is., lowland NW New Guinea (Vogelkop) to head of Cenderawasih Bay and SW New Guinea, Aru Is.
poliurus (Salvadori, 1878)329 vIslands off N New Guinea (Yapen I., Manam I., Karkar I.), lowland N, NE, SE, SC and SW New Guinea (west to R. Mimika)
assimilis (Gould, 1850) vNE Australia (E Cape York Pen.)
keri (Mathews, 1912) iNE Australia (NE Queensland)
magnificus (Temminck, 1821) vE Australia (SE Queensland, coastal NE and EC New South Wales)
Ptilinopus perlatus Pink-spotted Fruit Dove
perlatus (Temminck, 1835) vWestern Papuan Is. (Waigeo, Salawati), lowland NW New Guinea (Vogelkop to head and E coast of Cenderawasih Bay)
plumbeicollis A.B. Meyer, 1890 vLowland N and NE New Guinea (R. Mamberamo to Huon Gulf)
zonurus Salvadori, 1876 Lowland SW, SC and SE New Guinea (to Huon Gulf), Aru Is., D'Entrecasteaux Arch.
Ptilinopus ornatus Ornate Fruit Dove
ornatus Schlegel, 1871330 vLowland NW New Guinea (Vogelkop)
gestroi D'Albertis & Salvadori, 1876 αiLowland N, E and S New Guinea (west to head of Cenderawasih Bay)
Ptilinopus tannensis   (Latham, 1790) Tanna Fruit Dove
vVanuatu (except Torres Is.)
Ptilinopus aurantiifrons   G.R. Gray, 1858 Orange-fronted Fruit Dove
iWestern Papuan Is., Yapen I., lowland New Guinea (except coast between Astrolabe Bay and Collingwood Bay), Aru Is., Fergusson I. (D'Entrecasteaux Arch.)
Ptilinopus wallacii   G.R. Gray, 1858 Wallace's Fruit Dove
iS and SE Moluccas (Banda Is., Tayandu Is., Kai Is.), E Lesser Sundas (west to Babar), Aru Is., lowland SW New Guinea
Ptilinopus superbus Superb Fruit Dove
temminckii (Des Murs & Prévost, 1849) iSulawesi
superbus (Temminck, 1809) αvMoluccas, Western Papuan Is., islands in Cenderawasih Bay and off N New Guinea, Aru Is., lowland New Guinea, D'Entrecasteaux Arch., Louisiade Arch., Bismarck Arch. (including Admiralty Is.), Solomons, coastal E Australia (E Cape York Pen. to NE New South Wales)
Ptilinopus perousii Many-coloured Fruit Dove
perousii Peale, 1848 iSamoa, American Samoa
mariae Pucheran, 1853 iFiji, Tonga
Ptilinopus porphyraceus331 Purple-capped Fruit Dove
ponapensis Finsch, 1878 vChuuk, Pohnpei (Caroline Is.)
hernsheimi Finsch, 1880332 iKosrae (Caroline Is.)
porphyraceus (Temminck, 1821)333 vFiji (small islands only), Tonga, Niue
fasciatus Peale, 1848 vSamoa, American Samoa
Ptilinopus pelewensis   Hartlaub & Finsch, 1868 Palau Fruit Dove
vPalau
Ptilinopus rarotongensis Cook Islands Fruit Dove
rarotongensis Hartlaub & Finsch, 1871 vRarotonga (Cook Is.)
goodwini Holyoak, 1974 iAtiu (Cook Is.) [Holyoak, 1974 #1987]
Ptilinopus roseicapilla   (Lesson, 1831) Mariana Fruit Dove
iSaipan, Tinian, Aguijan, Rota (Northern Mariana Is.), Guam
Ptilinopus regina Rose-crowned Fruit Dove
flavicollis Bonaparte, 1855 vFlores and Savu to W Timor (Lesser Sundas)
roseipileum E. Hartert, 1904 iWetar and E Timor to Moa (Lesser Sundas)
xanthogaster (Wagler, 1827) iS and SE Moluccas (Banda Is., Kai Is.), E Lesser Sundas (west to Damar and Luang)
ewingii Gould, 1842 iCoastal NW and NC Australia (Kimberley Division, Arnhem Land)
regina Swainson, 1825 iCoastal NE Australia (Cape York Pen. to NE New South Wales)
Ptilinopus richardsii Silver-capped Fruit Dove
richardsii E.P. Ramsay, 1882 iUki, Three Sisters Is., Santa Ana, Santa Catalina (SE Solomons)
cyanopterus Mayr, 1931 vBellona, Rennell (S Solomons)
Ptilinopus purpuratus Grey-green Fruit Dove
chrysogaster G.R. Gray, 1854334 iBora Bora, Raiatea, Tahaa, Huahine, Maupiti (Society Is.)
frater Ripley & Birckhead, 1942 iMoorea (Society Is.) [Ripley, 1942 #3292]
purpuratus (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) vTahiti (Society Is.)
Ptilinopus chalcurus 335  G.R. Gray, 1860 Makatea Fruit Doveα
vMakatea (Tuamotu Arch.)
Ptilinopus coralensis   Peale, 1848 Atoll Fruit Dove
vTuamotu Arch. (except Makatea)
Ptilinopus greyi 336  Bonaparte, 1857 Red-bellied Fruit Doveδ
iDai (SE Solomons), Santa Cruz Is., Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Loyalty Is.
Ptilinopus huttoni   Finsch, 1874 Rapa Fruit Dove
iRapa (Iles Australes)
Ptilinopus dupetithouarsii White-capped Fruit Dove
viridior Murphy, 1924 vNuku Hiva, Ua Pou, Ua Huka (Iles Marquises)
dupetithouarsii (Neboux, 1840) iTahuata, Hiva Oa, Fatu Hiva, Motane (Iles Marquises)
Ptilinopus mercierii Red-moustached Fruit Dove
†? mercierii (Des Murs & Prévost, 1849) iNuku Hiva (Iles Marquises)
†? tristrami Salvadori, 1892 iHiva Oa (Iles Marquises)
Ptilinopus insularis   North, 1908 Henderson Fruit Dove
vHenderson (Pitcairn Is.)
Ptilinopus coronulatus Coroneted Fruit Dove
trigeminus Salvadori, 1875 vSalawati, lowland NW New Guinea (W Vogelkop)
geminus Salvadori, 1875 vYapen I., lowland NW and N New Guinea (E Vogelkop to R. Mamberamo region)
quadrigeminus A.B. Meyer, 1890 vLowland N New Guinea (R. Sepik region to Astrolabe Bay), Manam I.
huonensis A.B. Meyer, 1892 vLowland NE and SE New Guinea (Huon Gulf to Goodenough Bay)
coronulatus G.R. Gray, 1858 vLowland S and SE New Guinea (head of Cenderawasih Bay to Milne Bay)
Ptilinopus pulchellus Beautiful Fruit Dove
decorus von Madarász, 1910 vLowland N New Guinea (E coast of Cenderawasih Bay to Astrolabe Bay)
pulchellus (Temminck, 1835) vWestern Papuan Is., lowland NW, S and SE New Guinea
Ptilinopus monacha   (Temminck, 1824) Blue-capped Fruit Dove
iN Moluccas
Ptilinopus rivoli White-bibbed Fruit Dove
prasinorrhous G.R. Gray, 1858337 vMoluccas, Western Papuan Is., small islands in Cenderawasih Bay
miquelii Schlegel, 1871338 iMios Num I., Yapen I. (in Cenderawasih Bay)
bellus P.L. Sclater, 1874 vMontane NW, C and NE New Guinea (mountains of Vogelkop, central cordillera, Huon Pen.), Goodenough I. (D'Entrecasteaux Arch.)
rivoli (Prévost, 1843) iNew Britain, New Ireland, New Hanover, Umboi, Hibernian Is. (Bismarck Arch.)
strophium Gould, 1850 iWoodlark I., D'Entrecasteaux Arch., Bonvouloir Is., Louisiade Arch. (off SE New Guinea)
Ptilinopus solomonensis Yellow-bibbed Fruit Dove
speciosus Schlegel, 1871 vNumfoor I., Biak I., Padaido I., Marai I. (in Cenderawasih Bay)
johannis P.L. Sclater, 1877 iNinigo Group, Kaniet Is., Hermit Is., Admiralty Is., St. Matthias Group, New Hanover (Bismarck Arch.)
meyeri E. Hartert, 1926 iLong I., Umboi, New Britain, New Ireland and satellite islands (Bismarck Arch.)
neumanni E. Hartert, 1926 iNissan (Green Is.)
bistictus Mayr, 1931 vBuka, Bougainville, Shortland Is. (N Solomons)
vulcanorum Mayr, 1931 iNew Georgia Is. (C Solomons)
ocularis Mayr, 1931 vGuadalcanal (SE Solomons)
ambiguus Mayr, 1931 vMalaita (SE Solomons)
solomonensis G.R. Gray, 1870 vSan Cristobal, Uki, Three Sisters Is. (SE Solomons)
Ptilinopus viridis339,340 Claret-breasted Fruit Dove
viridis (Linnaeus, 1766) vS Moluccas
pectoralis (Wagler, 1829) vWestern Papuan Is., lowland NW New Guinea (Vogelkop)
geelvinkianus Schlegel, 1871341 vManim I., Numfoor I., Biak I., Marai I. (in Cenderawasih Bay)
salvadorii Rothschild, 1892 iYapen I., lowland N New Guinea (E coast of Cenderawasih Bay to NE R. Sepik)
vicinus E. Hartert, 1895 iTrobriand Is., D'Entrecasteaux Arch. (Fergusson I., Goodenough I.)
lewisii E.P. Ramsay, 1882 iManus, Hibernian Is. (Bismarck Arch.), Nissan (Green Is.), Solomons (south-east to Malaita and Guadalcanal)
Ptilinopus eugeniae 342  (Gould, 1856) White-headed Fruit Dove
iSan Cristobal, Uki, Three Sisters Is. (SE Solomons)
Ptilinopus iozonus343,344 Orange-bellied Fruit Dove
humeralis Wallace, 1862 vWaigeo, Salawati, lowland NW and SW New Guinea (east to E Cenderawasih Bay and R. Noord)
iobiensis Schlegel, 1873345,346 αδvYapen I., Tarawai I., Manam I., lowland N New Guinea (R. Mamberamo to Astrolabe Bay)
pseudohumeralis Rand, 1938 vLowland SC New Guinea (upper R. Fly drainage) [Rand, 1938 #3181]
finschi Mayr, 1931 iLowland SE New Guinea (west to Huon Pen. on N coast and Trans-Fly region in south)
iozonus G.R. Gray, 1858 vAru Is. (off SW New Guinea)347
Ptilinopus insolitus Knob-billed Fruit Dove
insolitus Schlegel, 1863 vBismarck Arch. (except Admiralty Is. and St. Matthias Group)
inferior E. Hartert, 1924 vSt. Matthias Group (Bismarck Arch.)
Ptilinopus hyogastrus 348,349  (Temminck, 1824) Grey-headed Fruit Dove
vN Moluccas
Ptilinopus granulifrons   E. Hartert, 1898 Carunculated Fruit Dove
iObi (N Moluccas)
Ptilinopus melanospilus Black-naped Fruit Dove
bangueyensis A.B. Meyer, 1891 vS Philippines (Palawan, Mindanao, Sulu Arch.) and islands off N Borneo
xanthorrhous (Salvadori, 1875)350 vTalaud Is., Sangir Is., N Moluccas (Doi)
melanospilus (Salvadori, 1875) vSulawesi and NE satellites, Togian Is.
melanauchen (Salvadori, 1875)351 iJava, Bali, SW and SE satellites of Sulawesi, Flores Sea islands, W and C Lesser Sundas (east to Alor)
massopterus (Oberholser, 1917) vPulo Mata Siri (Java Sea)
chrysorrhous (Salvadori, 1875)352 vBanggai Is., Sula Is., S Moluccas
Ptilinopus nainus 353,354  (Temminck, 1835) Dwarf Fruit Doveδ
vWaigeo, Salawati, Misool, lowland New Guinea (except parts of N coast?)
Ptilinopus arcanus   Ripley & Rabor, 1955 Negros Fruit Dove
vMt. Canlaon on NC Negros (Philippines) [Ripley, 1955 #3305]
Ptilinopus victor355 Orange Dove
victor (Gould, 1872) iVanua Levu and offshore islands, Taveuni (Fiji)
aureus Amadon, 1943 vQamea, Laucala (NE Fiji) [Amadon, 1943 #71]
Ptilinopus luteovirens 356  (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841) Golden Dove
iYasawa Group, Viti Levu, Beqa, Ovalau, Gau (Fiji)
Ptilinopus layardi 357  Elliot, 1878 Whistling Dove
iKadavu and offshore islands (Fiji) [Elliot, 1878 #4376]
ALECTROENAS G.R. Gray, 1840 M - Alectroenas franciae Latham; type by original designation = Columba nitidissima Scopoli, 1786  358
Alectroenas nitidissimus   (Scopoli, 1786) Mauritius Blue Pigeonδ
vMauritius
Alectroenas madagascariensis   (Linnaeus, 1766) Madagascar Blue Pigeon
vN and E Madagascar
Alectroenas sganzini Comoro Blue Pigeon
minor von Berlepsch, 1898 vAldabra (Aldabra Is.)
sganzini (Bonaparte, 1854) iComoros
Alectroenas pulcherrimus   (Scopoli, 1786) Seychelles Blue Pigeonδ
vSeychelles
DREPANOPTILA Bonaparte, 1855 F - Columba holosericea Temminck, 1809; type by monotypy  359
Drepanoptila holosericea   (Temminck, 1809) Cloven-feathered Doveα
vNew Caledonia, Ile des Pins
HEMIPHAGA Bonaparte, 1854 F - Columba novaeseelandiae J.F. Gmelin, 1789; type by original designation  
Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae New Zealand Pigeon
novaeseelandiae (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) iNorth Island and South Island (New Zealand)
chathamensis (Rothschild, 1891)360 vChatham Is.
†? spadicea (Latham, 1801) αvNorfolk I.
GYMNOPHAPS Salvadori, 1874 F - Gymnophaps albertisii Salvadori, 1874; type by original designation  
Gymnophaps albertisii361 Papuan Mountain Pigeon
exsul (E. Hartert, 1903) iBacan (N Moluccas)
albertisii Salvadori, 1874 iYapen I., montane New Guinea, Goodenough I. (D'Entrecasteaux Arch.), New Britain, New Ireland (Bismarck Arch.)
Gymnophaps mada Long-tailed Mountain Pigeon
mada (E. Hartert, 1899) iBuru (S Moluccas)
stalkeri (Ogilvie-Grant, 1911)362 iSeram (S Moluccas)
Gymnophaps solomonensis   Mayr, 1931 Pale Mountain Pigeon
vBougainville, Kolombangara, Rendova, Vangunu (?), Malaita, Guadalcanal (Solomons)
LOPHOLAIMUS Gould, 1841 M - Columba antarctica Shaw, 1793; type by monotypy  363
Lopholaimus antarcticus 364  (Shaw, 1793) Topknot Pigeonα
vCoastal E Australia
GENERA INCERTAE SEDIS
MICROGOURA Rothschild, 1904 F - Microgoura meeki Rothschild, 1904; type by original designation  
Microgoura meeki   Rothschild, 1904 Choiseul Pigeon
iChoiseul (C Solomons)
CRYPTOPHAPS Salvadori, 1893 F - Carpophaga poecilorrhoa Brüggemann, 1876; type by original designation and monotypy  
Cryptophaps poecilorrhoa   (Brüggemann, 1876) Sombre Pigeon
vMountains of Sulawesi (except SW)
STARNOENAS Bonaparte, 1838 F - Columba cyanocephala Linnaeus, 1758; type by monotypy  365
Starnoenas cyanocephala   (Linnaeus, 1758) Blue-headed Quail Dove
vCuba

1 Subfamily composition derived from Pereira et al. (2007) [Pereira, 2007 #10633]. Sequence and relationships of genera mainly derived from Johnson et al. (2010) [Johnson, 2010 #12529] and Fulton et al. (2012) [Fulton, 2012 #13607], but some genera appear to be polyphyletic and need further study.
2 Sequence, after transfer of New World species to Patagioenas, is as in Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533].
3 The name Columba norfolciensis Latham, 1801, has been suppressed (Opinion 2251, I.C.Z.N., 2010) [I.C.Z.N., 2010 #12377]. The name C. leucomela is thus left undisturbed.
4 Subspecies classification based on Cramp et al. (1985) [Cramp, 1985 #1086]. The populations named atlantis, canariensis and nigricans are here considered feral populations. Such populations occur in many towns and cities in and outside the range of the wild species, and interbreeding confuses our understanding of wild populations.
5 Includes lividior; see White (1965) [White, 1965 #4191].
6 Includes butleri; see Vaurie (1965) [Vaurie, 1965 #3967]; however, White (1965) [White, 1965 #4191] included butleri in gaddi.
7 Correct original spelling. Spelling palestinae in Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] an ISS.
8 For recognition see Dean in Hockey et al. (2005) [Hockey, 2005 #12724].
9 Includes hyrcana; see Vaurie (1965) [Vaurie, 1965 #3967].
10 Includes tianshanicus; see Vaurie (1965) [Vaurie, 1965 #3967].
11 Includes excelsa and ghigii Trischitta, 1939 [Trischitta, 1939 #3879]; see Vaurie (1965) [Vaurie, 1965 #3967]. Also includes kleinschmidti Clancey, 1950 [Clancey, 1950 #779]; see Cramp et al. (1985) [Cramp, 1985 #1086].
12 Includes kirmanica Koelz, 1954 [Koelz, 1954 #2250]; see Vaurie (1965) [Vaurie, 1965 #3967].
13 For separation from C. trocaz see Goodwin (1959) [Goodwin, 1959 #6269].
14 Forms a superspecies with C. sjostedti, C. thomensis and C. polleni; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Dowsett & Forbes-Watson (1993) [Dowsett, 1993 #13856].
15 For evidence of delayed publication see Dickinson & Pittie (2006) [Dickinson, 2006 #9467].
16 Original spelling torringtonii. Previously correctly emended based on internal information, see Pittie & Dickinson (2006) [Pittie, 2006 #9420].
17 Often dated 1855 but this relates to proofs or advance sheets.
18 Date correct but Livraison 85 not 86 (Dickinson 2001) [Dickinson, 2001 #1369].
19 For recognition see Orn. Soc. Japan (2000) [Ornithological Society of Japan, 2000 #2875]; but see also Seki et al. (2007) [Seki, 2007 #10840].
20 Includes mendeni Neumann, 1939 [Neumann, 1939 #2763]; see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].
21 For recognition see Schodde in Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523] and Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
22 For adoption of this name see Schodde in Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523].
23 Forms a superspecies with C. janthina, C. versicolor, C. jouyi and C. vitiensis; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
24 Implicitly includes incerta; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
25 For renewed treatment in monotypic genus see Dean in Hockey et al. (2005) [Hockey, 2005 #12724], but see also Fry et al. (1984) [Fry, 1984 #1623].
26 Penhallurick (2010) [Penhallurick, 2010 #12608] argued that the name hypoleuca might not be a suitable substitute for inornata, but the transfer of New World species to Patagioenas resolved the problem so that inornata is available. Includes plumbescens, see Serle (1959) [Serle, 1959 #14141]; and poensis, see Eisentraut (1973) [Eisentraut, 1973 #1496].
27 Treated as a separate species by Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206], but see Serle (1959) [Serle, 1959 #14141].
28 Includes moltonii Trischitta, 1939 [Trischitta, 1939 #3879]; see Vaurie (1965) [Vaurie, 1965 #3967].
29 Includes loei; see Vaurie (1965) [Vaurie, 1965 #3967].
30 Includes isabellina; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206], but see also Urban (1986) [Urban, 1986 #3898].
31 Treated as monotypic by Fry et al. (1985) [Fry, 1984 #1623]; includes funebrea and bishaensis Goodwin, 1963 [Goodwin, 1963 #1733], originally named arabicus [sic] Goodwin, 1963 [Goodwin, 1963 #1732].
32 For discovery of a disjunct population thought to be related to this see Baillon (1992) [Baillon, 1992 #128].
33 Includes khasiana Koelz, 1954 [Koelz, 1954 #2250], and meridionalis Koelz, 1954 [Koelz, 1954 #2250]; see Ripley (1982) [Ripley, 1982 #3332].
34 Includes orii; see Collar (2004) [Collar, 2004 #1017].
35 Includes sylvicola Koelz, 1939 [Koelz, 1939 #2244]; see Ripley (1982) [Ripley, 1982 #3332].
36 Considered to form a superspecies with S. decaocto and S. roseogrisea by Snow (1978) [Snow, 1978 #13852]. For broader circumscription see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
37 For treatment as a separate species from S. bitorquata see Collar (2011) [Collar, 2011 #12810].
38 Introduced to Guam and Northern Mariana Is.
39 Includes stoliczkae; see Vaurie (1965) [Vaurie, 1965 #3967].
40 Introduced to Bahrain, Japan (C Honshu), Bahamas (then spread to Cuba, Lesser Antilles, USA and S Canada).
41 Name not affected by Opinion 2215 (I.C.Z.N., 2008) [I.C.Z.N., 2008 #11226] unless the name risoria of disputed origin and in use as the domesticated Barbary Dove is considered a senior synonym of this wild African species.
42 Introduced to New Zealand and Puerto Rico.
43 Includes maxima, minor and implicitly erythrophrys; see Morel, Morel & Fry in Urban (1986) [Urban, 1986 #3898]. Also implicitly includes chersophila Clancey, 1986 [Clancey, 1986 #929]; see Dean in Hockey et al. (2005) [Hockey, 2005 #12724].
44 Includes anceps, dryas, bailunduensis and abunda Clancey, 1960 [Clancey, 1960 #801]; see White (1965) [White, 1965 #4191].
45 Includes grotei, savannae, barbaru, erythreae and schoana; see White (1965) [White, 1965 #4191].
46 Introduced to S Thai-Malay Peninsula.
47 Includes murmensis; see Ripley (1961) [Ripley, 1961 #3310].
48 Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206] seemed to suggest that suratensis alone has been considered as a potential monotypic species. But Vaurie (1965) [Vaurie, 1965 #3967] suggested that a species suratensis might need recognition and that it would include tigrina, ceylonensis, forresti and vacillans.
49 Baptista et al. (1997) op. cit. and Gibbs et al. (2001) [Gibbs, 2001 #1699] agreed the suratensis group did not include tigrina. Here, we follow Gibbs et al. (2001) [Gibbs, 2001 #1699] except that we retain the Hainan form. The first two subspecies make up the suratensis group (sensu Vaurie).
50 Some authors, e.g. Cheke (2005) [Cheke, 2005 #9413], anticipated that part of the genus Streptopelia would need its own name and Stigmatopelia was proposed; however, Spilopelia had already been put forward by Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523] acting as First Revisers. Here Fulton et al. (2012) are followed, retaining these species in Streptopelia .
51 Includes edwardi Ripley, 1948 [Ripley, 1948 #3297]; see Gibbs et al. (2001) [Gibbs, 2001 #1699].
52 For recognition see Rasmussen & Anderton (2005) [Rasmussen, 2005 #4749].
53 Type species of subgenus Spilopelia. Includes forresti, considered doubtfully distinct by Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008], and vacillans; see Gibbs et al. (2001) [Gibbs, 2001 #1699].
54 Includes setzeri Deignan, 1955 [Deignan, 1955 #1230]; see Cheng (1987) [Cheng Tso-hsin, 1987 #739]. Includes formosa; see Gibbs et al. (2001) [Gibbs, 2001 #1699].
55 Introduced to Mauritius, Philippines, Sulawesi, Moluccas, urban Australia, New Zealand (North Island), New Caledonia, Fiji, Hawaiian Is. and USA (SW California).
56 Includes dakhlae; see Vaurie (1965) [Vaurie, 1965 #3967].
57 Includes aequatorialis and thome; see White (1965) [White, 1965 #4191]; also divergens Clancey, 1970 [Clancey, 1970 #847]; see Irwin (1981) [Irwin, 1981 #2080]; and sokotrae; see Kirwan (2007) [Kirwan, 2007 #10614].
58 Introduced to Mauritius and SW Australia.
59 Includes kirmanensis Koelz, 1950 [Koelz, 1950 #2245]; see Vaurie (1965) [Vaurie, 1965 #3967].
60 For inclusion in this genus see Hume (2011) [Hume, 2011 #13412]. Subspecies classification follows Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206] who considered chuni a name applied to hybrids.
61 Includes saturatus; see Benson (1999) [Benson, 1999 #4484].
62 Includes assumptionis; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
63 Introduced (subsp. picturata) to Mauritius, Réunion and Seychelles.
64 Treated in the monotypic genus Nesoenas by Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206]. For placement of Nesoenas in the synonymy of Streptopelia see Johnson & Clayton (2000) [Johnson, 2000 #2136] and Fulton et al. (2012) [Fulton, 2012 #13607]. This may be seen as a subgenus.
65 For recognition see Rasmussen & Anderton (2005) [Rasmussen, 2005 #4749].
66 For recognition see Rasmussen & Anderton (2005) [Rasmussen, 2005 #4749].
67 Subspecies classification follows van Marle & Voous (1988) [van Marle, 1988 #3920] for islands off Sumatra.
68 Species limits in this genus still relatively uncertain; see Kennedy et al. (2000) [Kennedy, 2000 #2203]. Separation of this species and of emiliana (see Sibley & Monroe, 1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] from phasianella is doubtful in light of the apparent conspecificity of amboinensis and phasianella. See also Mayr (1944) [Mayr, 1944 #2552].
69 Tentatively includes septentrionalis; see Dickinson et al. (1991) [Dickinson, 1991 #1361].
70 Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206] treated amboinensis and phasianella as separate species, but see Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523]. The many subspecies between the Moluccas and Australia still need review and may be oversplit.
71 Forms a superspecies with M. rufipennis, M. emiliana, M. tenuirostris and M. magna; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].
72 For recognition see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].
73 Implicitly includes sedecima Neumann, 1939 [Neumann, 1939 #2763]; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206], but see also White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194] and Gibbs et al. (2001) [Gibbs, 2001 #1699].
74 For use of this name rather than batchianensis see Mees (1982) [Mees, 1982 #2627].
75 Includes goldiei; see Mayr (1941) [Mayr, 1941 #2550]. Includes kerstingi; see Mees (1982) [Mees, 1982 #2626].
76 Includes hueskeri; see Mayr & Diamond (2001) [Mayr, 2001 #10562].
77 Treated as a separate species by Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206] and Mees (2006) [Mees, 2006 #7094], but see Schodde in Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523] and Christidis & Boles (2008) [Christidis, 2008 #11602].
78 Forms a superspecies with M. nigrirostris and M. mackinlayi; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].
79 Includes goodsoni and krakari; see Diamond & LeCroy (1979) [Diamond, 1979 #1320] and Mayr & Diamond (2001) [Mayr, 2001 #10562].
80 For recognition see Mayr (1945) [Mayr, 1945 #4714].
81 Closely related to and probably sister to Macropygia; see Pereira et al. (2007) [Pereira, 2007 #10633].
82 Includes sulaensis; see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194]. Forms a superspecies with T. modesta; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
83 Mayr & Diamond (2001) [Mayr, 2001 #10562] treat this in a superspecies with R. browni and R. crassirostris.
84 Includes albida; see van Bemmel (1948) [van Bemmel, 1948 #4779].
85 Original spelling reinwartdtsi. Here used as emended based on internal information.
86 Presumably includes solitaria Salomonsen, 1972 [Salomonsen, 1972 #3456], but see Greenway (1978) [Greenway, 1978 #1814].
87 Formerly placed in monotypic genus Coryphoenas but see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
88 For separation from Columba see Johnson et al. (2010) [Johnson, 2010 #12529].
89 Listed as Columba gymnophtalmos in Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008]; for adoption of von Jacquin's name see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
90 Considered to form a superspecies with P. speciosa by Goodwin (1983) [Goodwin, 1983 #14113].
91 The albilinea group was formerly treated as a separate species but see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
92 For continued recognition see Gibson & Kessel (1997) [Gibson, 1997 #13862].
93 Includes letonai; see Monroe (1968) [Monroe, 1968 #2706]. Includes parva; see Brodkorb (1943) [Brodkorb, 1943 #13860] but see also Monroe (1968) [Monroe, 1968 #2706].
94 For date correction see Woodman (2010) [Woodman, 2010 #13512].
95 Includes tucumana; see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
96 Name taken from plate appearing before text requires recognition of joint authorship see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].
97 Considered to form a superspecies with P. fasciata and P. araucana by Goodwin (1983) [Goodwin, 1983 #14113].
98 Listed as Columba rufina in Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008]; for adoption of Bonnaterre's name see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
99 Includes tobagensis; see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946], but see also Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
100 For recognition see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946] and Meyer de Schauensee (1949) [Meyer de Schauensee, 1949 #2669].
101 Includes andersoni; see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946], but see also Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
102 Tentatively recognised; but see Phelps & Phelps (1958) [Phelps, 1958 #3044].
103 Includes restricta; see Friedmann et al. (1950) [Friedmann, 1950 #10178] and madrensis; see Grant (1965) [Grant, 1965 #13993].
104 Includes proxima, exigua, and wetmorei; see Banks (1986) [Banks, 1986 #13870].
105 Forms a superspecies with P. flavirostris and P. oenops; see Goodwin (1983) [Goodwin, 1983 #14113].
106 Subspecies taxonomy of this and next species very confused, in particular the placement of bogotensis. Several subspecies perhaps undiagnosable, and range statements given here for bogotensis, pallescens, ogilviegranti and recondita tentative. On the other hand, vocal differences among taxa suggest that multiple species may be involved; see Donegan et al. (2007) [Donegan, 2007 #11218] and Whittaker (2009) [Whittaker, 2009 #11804].
107 A review of all subspecies, including those currently in synonymy, is desirable. Subspecies classification follows Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946], but see also Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206], who essentially followed Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008].
108 Formerly considered a subspecies of P. subvinacea but see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946]. Includes delicata and synonyms; see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
109 For recognition see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
110 Includes locutrix; see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
111 May merit treatment as a separate species; see Wetmore (1968) [Wetmore, 1968 #4151].
112 For recognition see Meyer de Schauensee (1964) [Meyer de Schauensee, 1964 #14133].
113 With the transfer of subspecies bogotensis to P. plumbea, this is the next-oldest name for Colombian birds; see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
114 Treated as a synonym of bogotensis by Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008]. For recognition see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
115 For treatmemnt as a subspecies of P. subvinacea see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
116 For recognition see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
117 Includes chiriquensis; see Wetmore (1968) [Wetmore, 1968 #4151], but see also Johnston (1962) [Johnston, 1962 #14221].
118 Considered to form a superspecies with P. goodsoni by Johnston (1962) [Johnston, 1962 #14221].
119 Composition and species sequence derived in part from Johnson & Weckstein (2011) [Johnson, 2011 #12781].
120 For continued recognition see Grant (1965) [Grant, 1965 #13993].
121 Includes santiago van Rossem & Hachisuka, 1937 [van Rossem, 1937 #3928]; see Friedmann et al. (1950) [Friedmann, 1950 #10178].
122 Includes zapluta; see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946]. Includes riottei, considered doubtfully distinct by Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008] and Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
123 Name chalcauchenia retained following Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008], but see also Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946], who used the name chlorauchenia Giglioli & Salvadori, 1870, and believed that name was published first.
124 For date correction see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].
125 Considered to form a superspecies with L. plumbeiceps, L. rufaxilla, L. pallida, and L. wellsi by Goodwin (1983) [Goodwin, 1983 #14113].
126 Introduced to Bahamas (New Providence).
127 Johnson & Weckstein (2011) [Johnson, 2011 #12781] found this subspecies more closely related to L. plumbeiceps and L. cassinii than to nominate rufaxilla; broader taxon-sampling needed before changes can be made to species limits.
128 Includes hypochroos Griscom & Greenway, 1937 [Griscom, 1937 #1827]; see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
129 For treatment as separate species from L. rufaxilla see Blockstein & Hardy (1989) [Blockstein, 1989 #14270].
130 Includes notia; see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
131 Treated as a separate species, also including malae, by Wetmore (1968) [Wetmore, 1968 #4151], but see Banks et al. (2005) [Banks, 2005 #5802].
132 Includes saturata; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
133 Considered to form a superspecies with L. conoveri and L. ochraceiventris by Goodwin (1983) [Goodwin, 1983 #14113].
134 Correct original spelling. Spelling cassini in Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3007] and Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] an ISS.
135 Includes Oreopeleia, following Meyer de Schauensee (1966) [Meyer de Schauensee, 1966 #2676] and most recent classifications. Includes Osculatia; see Goodwin (1958) [Goodwin, 1958 #14216]. Broadly defined Geotrygon, however, is polyphyletic (Johnson & Weckstein 2011) [Johnson, 2011 #12781], requiring revision.
136 Includes sabae and beattyi Danforth, 1938 [Danforth, 1938 #1115]; see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
137 Treated as monotypic by Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206], thus implicitly including anthonyi, rubida and silvestris.
138 For treatment as a separate species from G. lawrencii see Peterson (1993) [Peterson, 1993 #3024].
139 Includes lentipes; see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
140 For treatment as a separate species from G. caniceps see Garrido et al. (2002) [Garrido, 2002 #1682].
141 May not be diagnosable (Baptista et al. 1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
142 May not be diagnosable (Baptista et al. 1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206]. Includes pariae; see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
143 Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008] mistakenly used the specific name bourcieri, which is not the oldest name.
144 Includes erythropareia; see Blake et al. (1961) [Blake, 1961 #320].
145 Treated as a separate species by Ridgely & Greenfield (2001) [Ridgely, 2001 #3274] and Restall et al. (2006) [Restall, 2006 #12477].
146 Includes loricata Todd, 1947 [Todd, 1947 #3843]; see Blake et al. (1961) [Blake, 1961 #320].
147 May merit treatment as a separate species from G. saphirina; see Donegan & Salaman (2012) [Donegan, 2012 #14213].
148 Treated as a separate species, including rothschildi, by Gibbs et al. (2001) [Gibbs, 2001 #1699] and Ridgely & Greenfield (2001) [Ridgely, 2001 #3274]; thus leaving purpurata as a monotypic species.
149 Formerly treated as a separate species but see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
150 Type species of the genus Oreopelia which was employed by Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008]; the species he listed are in this genus or in Geotrygon.
151 Perhaps more closely related to Leptotila; see Johnson & Weckstein (2011) [Johnson, 2011 #12781].
152 Composition and species sequence derived from Johnson & Weckstein (2011) [Johnson, 2011 #12781]. The species auriculata, macroura, and graysoni were formerly placed in separate genus Zenaidura, but see Goodwin (1958) [Goodwin, 1958 #14216].
153 Includes clara van Rossem, 1947 [van Rossem, 1947 #3937] as well as the following, all described in Saunders, 1968 [Saunders, 1968 #3482]: grandis, insularis, monticola and palustris; see Aldrich (1981) [Aldrich, 1981 #13858], Browning (1990) [Browning, 1990 #539], and Schwertner et al. (2002) [Schwertner, 2002 #13867].
154 Includes alticola Saunders, 1951 [Saunders, 1951 #3481], collina Saunders, 1968 [Saunders, 1968 #3482], and peninsulae Saunders, 1968 [Saunders, 1968 #3482]; see Aldrich (1981) [Aldrich, 1981 #13858] and Browning (1990) [Browning, 1990 #539].
155 May not be diagnosable; included in nominate subspecies by Gibbs et al. (2001) [Gibbs, 2001 #1699]. Includes panamensis Saunders, 1968 [Saunders, 1968 #3482]; see Schwertner et al. (2002) [Schwertner, 2002 #13867].
156 For treatment as a separate species from Z. asiatica see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206] and Johnson & Clayton (2000) [Johnson, 2000 #2135]; thus they are treated as allospecies.
157 The senior synonym yucatanensis Salvadori, 1893, is preoccupied by yucatanensis Lawrence, 1869, considered a hybrid (Peters, 1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008].
158 Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946] acted as First Revisers in using pentheria in preference to ruficauda Bonaparte, 1855, which is from the preceding page.
159 May not be diagnosable; see Fjeldså & Krabbe (1990) [Fjeldså, 1990 #1570] and Gibbs et al. (2001) [Gibbs, 2001 #1699].
160 For authentification of this senior name and use in place of the junior synonym rubripes see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
161 Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008] used the name virgata Bertoni, 1901, but Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946] showed Reichenbach's name had precedence.
162 Formerly placed in monotypic genus Nesopelia but see Goodwin (1958) [Goodwin, 1958 #14216].
163 Includes tresmariae, which represents a migrant specimen of carolinensis; see Aldrich & Duvall (1958) [Aldrich, 1958 #13859].
164 Introduced to Hawaiian Is. (Kauai, Mauai, Hawaii).
165 Extinct in the wild.
166 This is the oldest group name available for this subfamily (Bock 1994) [Bock, 1994 #398] and was used by Gifford (1941) [Gifford, 1941 #13888].
167 For inclusion of Columbigallina see Goodwin (1959) [Goodwin, 1959 #6269].
168 Formerly treated in Scardafella, along with C. squammata, but see Johnston (1961) [Johnston, 1961 #13864] and Johnson & Clayton (2000) [Johnson, 2000 #2136].
169 Forms a superspecies with C. inca; see Goodwin (1983) [Goodwin, 1983 #14113].
170 Includes volitans Bond, 1945 [Bond, 1945 #427]; see Buden (1985) [Buden, 1985 #565].
171 Restriction to Isla Mona follows Buden (1985) [Buden, 1985 #565].
172 Includes navassae; see Schwartz (1970) [Schwartz, 1970 #13866] and Buden (1985) [Buden, 1985 #565].
173 Includes tortugensis Fernandez-Yepez, 1945 [Fernandez-Yepez, 1945 #1548]; see Restall et al. (2006) [Restall, 2006 #12477].
174 Includes amazilia; see Zimmer (1930) [Zimmer, 1930 #8549] and Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946].
175 Described as a subspecies of C. talpacoti. For recognition and treatment as subspecies of C. buckleyi see Gibbs et al. (2001) [Gibbs, 2001 #1699].
176 Forms a superspecies with C. buckleyi; see Goodwin (1983) [Goodwin, 1983 #14113].
177 Formerly placed in monotypic genus Oxypelia but see Goodwin (1959) [Goodwin, 1959 #6269].
178 Includes ochoterena, salvini, umbrina, pulchra, and inca; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206] who followed Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008] in treating this as monotypic, but see also Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946] and Gibbs et al. (2001) [Gibbs, 2001 #1699].
179 Dual original spellings. Bonaparte acted as First Reviser and selected geoffroyi, see David et al. (2010) [David, 2010 #12494].
180 Forms a superspecies with C. mondetoura; see Goodwin (1983) [Goodwin, 1983 #14113].
181 For continued recognition as separate from Columbina see Goodwin (1983) [Goodwin, 1983 #14113].
182 Includes figginsi; see Hellmayr & Conover (1942) [Hellmayr, 1942 #1946], but see also Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
183 Pereira et al. (2007) [Pereira, 2007 #10633] found that this was sister to the group of genera that includes Gallicolumba, Geopelia, etc.
184 Forms a superspecies with H. foersteri; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
185 Separation from Gallicolumba follows Wolters (1975) [Wolters, 1975 #4261] and Jønsson et al. (2011) [Jønsson, 2011 #12783].
186 Includes albicollis; see Baptista (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
187 Forms a superspecies with A. jobiensis, A. kubaryi and A. xanthonurus; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
188 For recognition see Mayr & Diamond (2001) [Mayr, 2001 #10562].
189 May form a superspecies with A. beccarii; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
190 Includes vitiensis; see Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008] and Gibbs et al. (2001) [Gibbs, 2001 #1699]; but see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206]. Also includes samoensis; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
191 For validation of this name see Opinion 2240 (I.C.Z.N., 2009) [I.C.Z.N., 2009 #12281]. But see Christidis & Boles (2008) [Christidis, 2008 #11602].
192 Forms a superspecies with P. rufipennis; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
193 Includes alisteri; see Chrome & Johnstone (1979) [Chrome, 1979 #12438].
194 For separation from Petrophassa see Frith (1982) [Frith, 1982 #1614] and Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523], who reduced Lophophaps to a subgenus.
195 Includes ferruginea; see Crome et al. (1980) [Crome, 1980 #1096]. The name mungi refers to intergrades; see Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523].
196 Includes proxima Mayr, 1951 [Mayr, 1951 #2554]; see Schodde in Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523].
197 Forms a superspecies with G. smithii; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
198 For recognition see Johnstone (1981) [Johnstone, 1981 #2147] and Schodde in Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523].
199 Includes murchisoni and consobrina; see Schodde in Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523].
200 Includes neglecta; see Schodde in Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523].
201 Formerly placed in monotypic genus Histriophaps but see Condon (1975) [Condon, 1975 #1033]. Includes alisteri; see Schodde in Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523].
202 For recognition see Mayr (1951) [Mayr, 1951 #2554].
203 Includes mungi; see Condon (1975) [Condon, 1975 #1033].
204 Forms a superspecies with G. placida and G. maugeus; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636]. For treatment as one species see Christidis & Boles (2008) [Christidis, 2008 #11602].
205 Introduced to Mauritius, Réunion, Seychelles, Sulawesi, S Moluccas, New Caledonia, Tahiti, Iles Marquises (Hiva Oa) and Hawaiian Is.
206 For validation of this name see Opinion 2240 (I.C.Z.N., 2009) [I.C.Z.N., 2009 #12281]. But see Christidis & Boles (2008) [Christidis, 2008 #11602].
207 Includes tranquilla; see Schodde in Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523].
208 Name conserved; see Opinion 2240 (I.C.Z.N., 2009) [I.C.Z.N., 2009 #12281] and given precedence over G. tranquilla when considered conspecific.
209 For recognition see Schodde in Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523].
210 Includes audacis; see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].
211 Dual original spellings. Temminck selected maugeus, see David et al. (2010) [David, 2010 #12494].
212 Subspecies classification follows Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523].
213 For recognition of this and inexpectata see Schodde in Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523].
214 Relationships uncertain, but possibly related to a group of genera that includes Otidiphaps; see Pereira et al. (2007) [Pereira, 2007 #10633].
215 Formerly placed in its own subfamily, but see Gibb & Penny (2010) [Gibb, 2010 #12385]; closest relatives remain uncertain.
216 Forms a superspecies with G. crinigera, G. platenae, G. keayi and G. menagei; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
217 Includes basilanica; see Dickinson et al. (1991) [Dickinson, 1991 #1361]. For a suggestion that Basilan, Mindanao and Jolo birds might be best united making bartletti a synonym see Collar (2006) [Collar, 2006 #9475].
218 Perhaps not diagnosable (White & Bruce 1986) [White, 1986 #4194].
219 The species T. apicauda through T. formosae were placed by Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008] in the genus Sphenurus, but see Husain (1958) [Husain, 1958 #2045].
220 Includes griseicapilla, parvus, miza, mesochlous, adinus, purpureus and zaleptus plus kangeanus Mayr, 1938 [Mayr, 1938 #2545], and karimuniensis Hoogerwerf, 1962 [Hoogerwerf, 1962 #2000]; see Mees (1996) [Mees, 1996 #2638].
221 Subspecies recognition follows Ripley (1982) [Ripley, 1982 #3332] in the Indian subcontinent, Dickinson et al. (1991) [Dickinson, 1991 #1361] for Philippine taxa, and White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194] in Wallacea, with pallidior and ada transferred to T. griseicauda.
222 For proposed splits of this species see Rasmussen & Anderton (2005) [Rasmussen, 2005 #4749] and Rheindt & Hutchinson (2007) [Rheindt, 2007 #10835].
223 Rasmussen & Anderton (2005) [Rasmussen, 2005 #4749] suggest andamanicus may deserve recognition.
224 Sometimes cited from a earlier popular magazine but insufficiently described there.
225 Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206] considered this species monotypic.
226 Includes harterti; see van Marle & Voous (1988) [van Marle, 1988 #3920]; also includes chaseni Stresemann, 1950 [Stresemann, 1950 #3766]; see Hoogerwerf (1962) [Hoogerwerf, 1962 #2003] and White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].
227 Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008] treated this species and its three allospecies teysmannii, floris and psittaceus as part of a broad species T. pompadora. Goodwin (1967) [Goodwin, 1967 #1734] instead placed these four species in T. curvirostra.
228 The name griseicauda Wallace, 1863 [Wallace, 1863 #5609], is a synonym used for Sulawesi birds from 1863-1893 and then by Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008] and until recently. However, it is preoccupied by griseicauda Bonaparte, 1857. Includes dehaani Voous, 1951 [van Bemmel, 1951 #3910]; see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].
229 Includes ada; see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].
230 Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206] used the name griseicauda G. R. Gray, 1856, but this is preoccupied by Bonaparte's use of the name; see Sims & Warren (1955) [Sims, 1955 #3652], Mayr (1956) [Mayr, 1956 #2557], and Mees (1973) [Mees, 1973 #2618].
231 Includes pulverulenta; see Sims & Warren (1955) [Sims, 1955 #3652]. Includes goodsoni; see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].
232 The date 1854 has been used, e.g. by Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533], but this is probably based on proof sheets; see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].
233 Records from Sumatra of the Javan form were not accepted by van Marle & Voous (1988) [van Marle, 1988 #3920].
234 Placed in monotypic genus Butreron by Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008].
235 For recognition, named in a paper by Blyth, see Chasen (1940) [Chasen, 1940 #4361].
236 For suggested treatment as separate species see Rasmussen & Anderton (2005) [Rasmussen, 2005 #4749].
237 Considered undiagnosable by Rasmussen & Anderton (2005) [Rasmussen, 2005 #4749].
238 Includes jubaensis Benson, 1942 [Benson, 1942 #255]; see White (1965) [White, 1965 #4191].
239 Forms a superspecies with T. calvus, T. pembaensis and T. sanctithomae; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Dowsett & Forbes-Watson (1993) [Dowsett, 1993 #13856].
240 May merit treatment as separate species; see Sinclair & Langrand (1998) [Sinclair, 1998 #3653] but see also Louette (1988) [Louette, 1988 #14115].
241 Subspecies classification follows Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
242 Includes granviki; see White (1965) [White, 1965 #4191].
243 Dual original spelling: wakefieldii in text, wakefieldi on plate; Sharpe (1884) [Sharpe, 1875-1884 #15101] acted as First Reviser and selected wakefieldii as the correct spelling.
244 Includes clayi White, 1943 [White, 1943 #4165]; see Dowsett et al. (2008) [Dowsett, 2008 #12725].
245 For recognition see Dean in Hockey et al. (2005) [Hockey, 2005 #12724].
246 For recognition see Dean in Hockey et al. (2005) [Hockey, 2005 #12724].
247 Includes chobiensis and damarensis; see White (1965) [White, 1965 #4191].
248 For date correction see Dickinson & Pittie (2006) [Dickinson, 2006 #9467].
249 Includes yunnanensis; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206], but see also Cheng (1987) [Cheng Tso-hsin, 1987 #739].
250 A new name for annamensis Delacour, 1926, preoccupied in a broad genus Treron. For recognition see Wells (1999) [Wells, 1999 #4118] who considered robinsoni endemic to the Malay Peninsula.
251 For recognition see Violani (1980) [Violani, 1980 #4029] and van Marle & Voous (1988) [van Marle, 1988 #3920].
252 Formerly treated as a separate species but see Violani (1980) [Violani, 1980 #4029].
253 Correct original spelling. Spelling fopingenis in Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] an ISS.
254 For recognition see Cheng (1987) [Cheng Tso-hsin, 1987 #739]; but a weak subspecies, see Collar (2004) [Collar, 2004 #1017].
255 Includes oblitus, previously treated as a subspecies of T. sphenurus, but see Cheng (1987) [Cheng Tso-hsin, 1987 #739]. Includes Sphenocercus sphenurus lungchowensis Yen & Chong, 1937 [Yen Kwok Yung, 1937 #4284]; see Cheng et al. (1973) [Cheng Tso-hsin, 1973 #730].
256 May consist of more than one species; see Collar (2004) [Collar, 2004 #1017].
257 New name for australis McGregor, 1907, preoccupied in a broad genus Treron. Includes mcgregorii Husain, 1958 [Husain, 1958 #2045]; see Dickinson et al. (1991) [Dickinson, 1991 #1361].
258 Forms a superspecies with G. scheepmakeri and G. victoria; see Mayr (1941) [Mayr, 1941 #2550].
259 For alternative treatment of subspecies see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206] and Gibbs et al. (2001) [Gibbs, 2001 #1699]; but see Mees (1965) [Mees, 1965 #2608].
260 Implicitly includes wadai Yamashina, 1944 [Yamashina, 1944 #4277]; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
261 Probably closely related to Goura; see Gibb & Penny (2010) [Gibb, 2010 #12385].
262 This and Pezophaps formerly placed in a small separate family, Raphidae, but see Shapiro et al. (2002) [Shapiro, 2002 #3581].
263 For disposal of the name Raphus solitarius see Hume & Cheke (2004) [Hume, 2004 #13788].
264 Formerly placed in its own subfamily, but see Shapiro et al. (2002) [Shapiro, 2002 #3581].
265 Includes sanghirensis and nana Neumann, 1941 [Neumann, 1941 #2764]; see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194]. Also includes salimalii Mukherjee, 1960 [Mukherjee, 1960 #2742]; see Ripley (1982) [Ripley, 1982 #3332]. Also includes formosana; see Cheng (1987) [Cheng Tso-hsin, 1987 #739]; and yamashinai Hachisuka, 1939 [Hachisuka, 1939 #1854]; see Vaurie (1965) [Vaurie, 1965 #3967]; but see also Orn. Soc. Japan (2000) [Ornithological Society of Japan, 2000 #2875].
266 Includes chrysochlora due to lectotypification by Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523].
267 Includes melvillensis; see Johnstone (1984) [Johnstone, 1984 #13730].
268 This subspecies group considered likely to deserve specific status by Rasmussen & Anderton (2005) [Rasmussen, 2005 #4749] and Christidis & Boles (2008) [Christidis, 2008 #11602] but in using the name chrysochlora, they overlooked the earlier restriction of this name through lectotypification.
269 Formerly known as chrysochlora Wagler, but that name is based on several forms of Chalcophaps and has been excluded from application to Australasian populations by lectotypification (Schodde & Mason 1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523].
270 Includes zambesiensis and volkmanni; see Morel, Morel & Fry in Urban et al. (1986) [Urban, 1986 #3898]; but see Dean in Hockey et al. (2005) [Hockey, 2005 #12724]. Implicitly includes patetus; see Dean in Hockey et al. (2005) [Hockey, 2005 #12724].
271 Includes delicatulus; see White (1965) [White, 1965 #4191].
272 Includes mearnsi and liberiensis Rand, 1949 [Rand, 1949 #3187]; see White (1965) [White, 1965 #4191].
273 Formerly placed in genus Tympanistria but see Goodwin (1967) [Goodwin, 1967 #1734]. Includes fraseri; see White (1965) [White, 1965 #4191].
274 Includes albifrons; see Dickinson et al. (1991) [Dickinson, 1991 #1361].
275 Includes celestinoi Manuel, 1936 [Manuel, 1936 #2479], and mindanaoensis Manuel, 1936 [Manuel, 1936 #2479]; see Dickinson et al. (1991) [Dickinson, 1991 #1361].
276 Often dated 1855 but this is from proofs or advance sheets.
277 For treatment as a separate species from P. amethystinus see Dickinson et al. (1991) [Dickinson, 1991 #1361].
278 May deserve recognition as a separate species; see Collar et al. (1999) [Collar, 1999 #8918].
279 Forms a superspecies with D. forsteni; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
280 May form a superspecies with D. mindorensis; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
281 Stresemann (1952) [Stresemann, 1952 #3767] determined the type locality should be corrected, shifting the attachment of the name from the Malaysian population to the Philippine one.
282 For subspecies classification see Ripley (1982) [Ripley, 1982 #3332], White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194], van Marle & Voous (1988) [van Marle, 1988 #3920], Dickinson et al. (1991) [Dickinson, 1991 #1361], and Wells (1999) [Wells, 1999 #4118].
283 Includes kwangtungensis Chou, 1955 [Chou, 1955 #751], which was accepted with reservations by Cheng (1987) [Cheng Tso-hsin, 1987 #739].
284 Treated as a separate species by Rasmussen & Anderton (2005) [Rasmussen, 2005 #4749].
285 Includes mista, babiensis and vicinus; see van Marle & Voous (1988) [van Marle, 1988 #3920].
286 Formerly treated as a separate species from D. aenea, but see van Marle & Voous (1988) [van Marle, 1988 #3920].
287 For recognition see Delacour (1947) [Delacour, 1947 #1289]. Prior to Stresemann (1952) [Stresemann, 1952 #3767] this population was named aenea.
288 Correct original spelling. Spelling fugaenis in Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] an ISS.
289 Includes chalybura, the Philippine population name recognised by Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008] and glaucocauda Manuel, 1936 [Manuel, 1936 #2477]; see Dickinson et al. (1991) [Dickinson, 1991 #1361].
290 Once placed in D. concinna; for assignment to this species see White (1975) [White, 1975 #14114].
291 Includes pulchella, sulana and pallidinucha Mayr, 1944 [Mayr, 1944 #2552], and intercedens Eck, 1976 [Eck, 1976 #1476]; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
292 May merit treatment as a separate species (Rheindt & Hutchinson 2007) [Rheindt, 2007 #10835].
293 Includes aru and separata; see Schodde & Mathews (1977) [Schodde, 1977 #3506].
294 Subspecies classification follows Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206]. Forms a superspecies with D. oceanica, D. aurorae and D. galeata; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
295 Includes tarrali, intensitincta and microcera; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
296 For recognition see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
297 Forms a superspecies with D. rubricera; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
298 Forms a superspecies with D. basilica and D. finschii; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
299 Includes pallida Junge, 1952 [Junge, 1952 #2167]; see Diamond (1972) [Diamond, 1972 #1318].
300 For treatment as a separate species from D. rufigaster see Goodwin (1967) [Goodwin, 1967 #1734].
301 Often dated 1855, but this date relates to proofs or advance sheets.
302 Includes zamydra; see Bruce in White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].
303 Forms a superspecies with D. pistrinaria, D. whartoni and D. pickeringii; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
304 Includes langhornei and palmasensis; see Gibbs et al. (2001) [Gibbs, 2001 #1699].
305 Forms a superspecies with D. brenchleyi, D. bakeri and D. goliath; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
306 The name rubiensis A.B. Meyer, 1884 applies to intergrading populations of pinon and jobiensis; see Schodde (2006) [Schodde, 2006 #13729].
307 Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008] gave Lesson as the author of this name; like Mathews (1913) [Mathews, 1913 #10731] we see Desmarest using Lesson's MS name.
308 Forms a superspecies with D. lacernulata and D. cineracea; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
309 Includes carolinae Ripley, 1953 [Ripley, 1953 #3302]; see Ripley (1982) [Ripley, 1982 #3332]. Also includes obscurata; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
310 Conspecificity questioned by Rasmussen & Anderton (2005) [Rasmussen, 2005 #4749].
311 Includes capistrata; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
312 Includes schistacea Mayr, 1944 [Mayr, 1944 #2552]; see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].
313 Forms a superspecies with D. luctuosa and D. spilorrhoa; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206]. Species limits disputed; see Johnstone (1981) [Johnstone, 1981 #2146], Sibley & Monroe (1993) [Sibley, 1993 #9208], Gibbs et al. (2001) [Gibbs, 2001 #1699] and Christidis & Boles (2008) [Christidis, 2008 #11602].
314 Includes siebersi van Bemmel, 1940 [van Bemmel, 1940 #3908]; see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].
315 For treatment as a subspecies of D. bicolor see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
316 For separation from D. bicolor see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206]. But see also Johnstone (1981) [Johnstone, 1981 #2146].
317 For treatment as a separate species from D. bicolor see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206], but see also Johnstone (1981) [Johnstone, 1981 #2146].
318 Includes melvillensis, tarara Rand, 1941 [Rand, 1941 #3184], and constans Bruce, 1989 [Bruce, 1989 #554]; see Schodde in Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523].
319 Provisional phylogenetic information on 13 of the 50 species by Gibb & Penny (2010) [Gibb, 2010 #12385] useful but for sequence purposes requires corroboration, with much wider taxon-screening.
320 Includes Leucotreron. The species cinctus through leclancheri were placed by Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008] in the genus Leucotreron but see Cain (1954) [Cain, 1954 #5969]. Species sequence follows Goodwin (1967) [Goodwin, 1967 #1734].
321 Forms a superspecies with P. alligator, P. dohertyi and P. porphyreus; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
322 For treatment as a separate species from P. cinctus, see Gibbs et al. (2001) [Gibbs, 2001 #1699], but see also Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523] and Christidis & Boles (2008) [Christidis, 2008 #11602].
323 Livraison 18 dates from 1822; Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008] gave 1823 contra Sherborn (1898) [Sherborn, 1898 #3604].
324 May consist of more than one species; see Rheindt et al. (2011) [Rheindt, 2011 #12794].
325 Includes restrictus Ripley, 1941 [Ripley, 1941 #3288]; see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].
326 For recognition see Cheng (1987) [Cheng Tso-hsin, 1987 #739] and Gibbs et al. (2001) [Gibbs, 2001 #1699].
327 Formerly, e.g. Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008] shared a genus with the next species and called Megaloprepia formosa, but name formosa preoccupied in Ptilinopus; see Mees (1973, 1982) [Mees, 1973 #2618] [Mees, 1982 #2626].
328 Includes alaris; see Mayr (1941) [Mayr, 1941 #2550].
329 Includes interpositus and septentrionalis; see Diamond & LeCroy (1979) [Diamond, 1979 #1320].
330 Includes kaporensis; see Rand & Gilliard (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3199].
331 Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008] treated porphyraceus and ponapensis as separate species, but see Ripley & Birckhead (1942) [Ripley, 1942 #3292].
332 Includes P. perousii cupidineus and † P. ponapensis marshallianus; see Ripley & Birckhead (1942) [Ripley, 1942 #3292].
333 Includes graeffi; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
334 Treated as a subspecies of P. coralensis by Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008] but see Ripley & Birckhead (1942) [Ripley, 1942 #3292].
335 For treatment of this and P. coralensis each as a separate species from P. purpuratus see Pratt et al. (1987) [Pratt, 1987 #3119].
336 Correct original spelling. Spelling greyii in Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3007] and Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] an ISS.
337 Includes buruanus; see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].
338 This and bellus formerly treated as separate species, but see Mayr (1941) [Mayr, 1941 #2550].
339 Forms a superspecies with P. eugeniae; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
340 Treated as monotypic by Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008] but all subspecies treated here brought together by Cain (1954) [Cain, 1954 #5969]; but his broad species included P. eugeniae.
341 Includes pseudogeelvinkianus Junge, 1952 [Junge, 1952 #2167]; see Rand & Gilliard (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3199].
342 Treated as conspecific with P. viridis by Cain (1954) [Cain, 1954 #5969] but see Goodwin (1967) [Goodwin, 1967 #1734].
343 Forms a superspecies with P. insolitus; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
344 Mees (1982) [Mees, 1982 #2626] thought that nominate iozonus occupied S New Guinea east to near Merauke, but did not discuss pseudohumeralis, now thought to extend westward.
345 Correct original spelling (valid Latinization). Spelling jobiensis in Mayr (1941) [Mayr, 1941 #2550] and Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] an ISS.
346 Date 1873 adopted by Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] confirmed by Dickinson & Pieters (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #12741].
347 Mees (1982) [Mees, 1982 #2626] thought that nominate iozonus occupied S New Guinea east to near Merauke, but did not discuss pseudohumeralis, now thought to extend westward.
348 Spelled hyogastra in the original text; for correction of spelling see David & Gosselin (2002) [David, 2002 #1124]. Temminck (1839) [Temminck, 1839 #10189] emended it to hyogaster.
349 Forms a superspecies with P. granulifrons; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
350 Includes talautensis and loloda Jany, 1955 [Jany, 1955 #2108]; see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].
351 Includes aurescentior and margaretha; see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].
352 Includes pelingensis; see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].
353 Includes minimus; see Mees (1965) [Mees, 1965 #2608].
354 Spelled naina in Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008] but treated as adjectival and spelled nainus by Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533].
355 Formerly placed in genus Chrysoena, along with P. luteovirens, but see Cain (1954) [Cain, 1954 #5969].
356 Forms a superspecies with P. victor and P. layardi; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
357 Listed as Chrysoena viridis Layard, 1875, by Peters (1937) [Peters, 1937 #3008], but viridis is preoccupied in Ptilinopus.
358 Closely related to and probably embedded within Ptilinopus; see Johnson et al. (2010) [Johnson, 2010 #12529] and Gibb & Penny (2010) [Gibb, 2010 #12385]; but extended taxon sampling of genus Ptilinopus needed before change.
359 Gibb & Penny (2010) [Gibb, 2010 #12385] found that this is sister to Alectroenas.
360 Treated as a separate species by Millener & Powlesland (2001) [Millener, 2001 #9975].
361 Forms a superspecies with G. mada and G. solomonensis; see Baptista et al. (1997) [Baptista, 1997 #206].
362 May merit treatment as a separate species (Rheindt & Hutchinson 2007) [Rheindt, 2007 #10835].
363 Probably the sister to Gymnophaps; see Gibb & Penny (2010) [Gibb, 2010 #12385].
364 Includes minor; see Condon (1975) [Condon, 1975 #1033].
365 Formerly placed in its own subfamily because of distinct skeletal characters and tarsal scutellation, see e.g. Shufeldt (1891) [Shufeldt, 1891 #13899], but considered close to Geotrygon by Goodwin (1958) [Goodwin, 1958 #14216]. This taxon not yet included in DNA-based analyses.
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