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VIREONIDAE - Shrike-babblers, Erpornis and Vireos1,2 (6:62)
PTERUTHIUS Swainson, 1832 M - Lanius erythropterus Gould; type by original designation and monotypy = Lanius erythropterus Vigors, 1831 = Pteruthius ripleyi Biswas, 1960  3,4
Pteruthius rufiventer 5  Blyth, 1842 Black-headed Shrike-babbler
Himalayan foothills (east from C Nepal), NE India, W Yunnan, W and N Myanmar; NW Vietnam (Fansipan Mts.)
Pteruthius ripleyi 6  Biswas, 1960 Himalayan Shrike-babbler
vHimalayan foothills from Kashmir to Nepal and (?) West Bengal
Pteruthius aeralatus Blyth's Shrike-babbler
validirostris Koelz, 19517 Himalayan foothills (east from Bhutan), NE India, W and NW Myanmar
ricketti Ogilvie-Grant, 1904 SW, S and SE China, NE Myanmar, N Vietnam
aeralatus Blyth, 1855 vMountains of continental SE Asia (E and SE Myanmar to C Vietnam and S Cambodia)
lingshuiensis Cheng Tso-hsin, 19638 vHainan [Cheng Tso-hsin, 1963 #724]
schauenseei Deignan, 1946 Mountains of N Thai-Malay Pen.
cameranoi Salvadori, 1879 Mountains of S Thai-Malay Pen. and Sumatra
robinsoni Chasen & Kloss, 1931 Mountains of Borneo
Pteruthius annamensis   Robinson & Kloss, 1919 Dalat Shrike-babbler
vMountains of SC Vietnam (Da Lat Plateau)
Pteruthius flaviscapis 9  (Temminck, 1836) Pied Shrike-babbler
vMountains of Java
Pteruthius xanthochlorus Green Shrike-babbler
occidentalis Harington, 1913 vHimalayan foothills (NE Pakistan to W Nepal)
xanthochlorus J.E. & G.R. Gray, 184710 αvHimalayan foothills (east from C Nepal), NE India, W Yunnan, W and N Myanmar; NW Vietnam (Fansipan Mts.)
hybrida Harington, 1913 iNE India (SE Assam), W Myanmar
pallidus (David, 1871) vNC to SW China, NE Myanmar
Pteruthius melanotis Black-eared Shrike-babbler
melanotis Hodgson, 1847 vC and E Himalayas, SE Xizang, W and S Yunnan, N and EC continental SE Asia
tahanensis E. Hartert, 1902 vMountains of S Thai-Malay Pen.
Pteruthius intermedius Clicking Shrike-babbler
aenobarbulus Koelz, 1954 Uplands of NE India (Meghalaya)
intermedius (Hume, 1877) vSW China (W Yunnan to Guangxi), N and E continental SE Asia
yaoshanensis Stresemann, 192911 vDayao Shan (Guangxi, China)
indochinensis Delacour, 192712 vMountains of SC Vietnam (Da Lat Plateau)
Pteruthius aenobarbus 13  (Temminck, 1836) Chestnut-fronted Shrike-babbler/Trilling Shrike-babbler
Mountains of W Java
ERPORNIS Hodgson, 1844 F - Erpornis zantholeuca Blyth, 1844; type by original designation and monotypy   14
Erpornis zantholeuca Erpornis
zantholeuca Blyth, 1844 vHimalayan foothills (east from W Nepal), NE India, W Yunnan, SE Bangladesh, W continental SE Asia
tyrannulus Swinhoe, 1870 iS Yunnan, Hainan, NE and EC continental SE Asia
griseiloris Stresemann, 192315 vSE Yunnan to S and SE China, Taiwan
sordida Robinson & Kloss, 191916 vSE continental SE Asia (east from E Thailand, excluding range of canescens)
canescens Delacour & Jabouille, 1928 iSE Thailand, W Cambodia
interposita E. Hartert, 1917 vThai-Malay Pen.
saani Chasen, 1939 iN Sumatra
brunnescens Sharpe, 1876 iBorneo
CYCLARHIS Swainson, 1824 F - Tanagra gujanensis J.F. Gmelin, 1789; type by monotypy   
Cyclarhis gujanensis17 Rufous-browed Peppershrike
1 septentrionalis A.R. Phillips, 199118 vE Mexico (S Tamaulipas to N Hidalgo) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
1 flaviventris Lafresnaye, 1842 vSE Mexico (N Veracruz, N Puebla, NE Tabasco, N and W Chiapas), C Guatemala, N Honduras
1 yucatanensis Ridgway, 188719 αvSE Mexico (Yucatan Pen.), Belize
1 insularis Ridgway, 1885 vIsla de Cozumel (off Yucatan Pen.)
1 nicaraguae W. de W. Miller & Griscom, 1925 iS Mexico (SE Chiapas), S Guatemala, El Salvador, S Honduras, Nicaragua
1 subflavescens Cabanis, 1861 iCosta Rica, W Panama (Chiriquí, W Veraguas)
1 perrygoi Wetmore, 1950 iWC Panama (EC Veraguas, Herrera, S Coclé)
1 flavens Wetmore, 1950 iPacific slope of E Panama
1 coibae E. Hartert, 1901 iIsla de Coiba (off SW Panama)
1 cantica Bangs, 1898 vN and C Colombia (Sucre to Guajira, and in Magdalena valley south to Huila)
1 flavipectus P.L. Sclater, 185920 αiNE Venezuela (Paria Pen.), Trinidad
1 parva Chapman, 1917 vNE and E Colombia (Norte de Santander to Meta and Vichada), N Venezuela (south to N Amazonas)
1 gujanensis (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) vSE Colombia, S Venezuela, the Guianas, E Peru, Amazonian Brazil (south to N Mato Grosso) and NE Bolivia
1 cearensis S.F. Baird, 1866 vE Brazil (Maranhão and Ceará to S Mato Grosso and São Paulo)
2 ochrocephala von Tschudi, 1845 vE Paraguay, SE Brazil (south from Minas Gerais), NE Argentina (Misiones to N Buenos Aires) and Uruguay
3 viridis (Vieillot, 1822) vW Paraguay and N Argentina (south to San Luis, Córdoba and Santa Fé)
4 virenticeps P.L. Sclater, 1860 iW Ecuador (W Esmeraldas) to NW Peru (Piura)
1 contrerasi Taczanowski, 1879 iS Ecuador (Morona-Santiago, Zamora-Chinchipe) and N Peru (south to San Martín)
1 saturata J.T. Zimmer, 1925 vC Peru (upper Marañón valley in Huánuco)
1 pax J. Bond & Meyer de Schauensee, 1942 iE slope of Andes of NW Bolivia (La Paz)
1 dorsalis J.T. Zimmer, 1942 vE slope of Andes of C Bolivia (Cochabamba)
1 tarijae J. Bond & Meyer de Schauensee, 1942 iE slope of Andes of S Bolivia (Tarija) to NW Argentina (Jujuy)
Cyclarhis nigrirostris Black-billed Peppershrike
nigrirostris Lafresnaye, 1842 vAndes of Colombia (except Nariño), E slope of Andes of N Ecuador (south to W Napo)
atrirostris P.L. Sclater, 1887 vW slope of Andes of SW Colombia (Nariño) to NW Ecuador (Pichincha)
VIREOLANIUS Bonaparte, 1850 M - Vireolanius melitophrys Bonaparte, 1850; type by monotypy   
Vireolanius melitophrys Chestnut-sided Shrike Vireo
melitophrys Bonaparte, 1850 iS Mexico (S Jalisco to E México; E San Luis Potosí to W Veracruz)
crossini A.R. Phillips, 199121 iSW Mexico (Michoacán, Guerrero, S Oaxaca) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
quercinus Griscom, 193522 vPacific slope of S Mexico (Chiapas) to W El Salvador
Vireolanius pulchellus23 Green Shrike Vireo
ramosi A.R. Phillips, 199124 iSE Mexico (S Veracruz and E Oaxaca to N Chiapas and Quintana Roo) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
pulchellus P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 185925 vSE Mexico (SE Campeche, SW Quintana Roo), Guatemala, Belize, N Honduras
verticalis Ridgway, 1885 vE Nicaragua, NE Costa Rica, W Panama (east to Veraguas)
viridiceps Ridgway, 1903 iPacific slope of Costa Rica and Panama (east to Panamá)
Vireolanius eximius 26  S.F. Baird, 1866 Yellow-browed Shrike Vireo
vE Panama (E Darién), N Colombia (N Chocó to SW Guajira and Boyacá) and NW Venezuela (W Zulia; S Táchira)
Vireolanius leucotis27 Slaty-capped Shrike Vireo
mikettae E. Hartert, 1900 iW Colombia (south from upper R. San Juan) and W Ecuador (to NW Azuay)
leucotis (Swainson, 1838) vS Venezuela, the Guianas, N Brazil (north of R. Amazon, west to R. Branco); S Colombia (SE Nariño) to N Peru (San Martín)
simplex von Berlepsch, 1912 iE Peru (Huánuco to Cuzco), C and E Amazonian Brazil (south of R. Amazon, R. Purus to R. Tocantins)
bolivianus von Berlepsch, 1901 vSE Peru (Cuzco) to C Bolivia (W Santa Cruz)
VIREO Vieillot, 1808 M - Muscicapa novaeboracensis J.F. Gmelin, 1788; type by subsequent designation (G.R. Gray, 1840, A List of the Genera of Birds, p. 33). = Tanagra grisea Boddaert, 1783  28,29
Vireo brevipennis Slaty Vireo
browni (A.H. Miller & Ray, 1944)30 iSW Mexico (Guerrero)
brevipennis (P.L. Sclater, 1858) vS Mexico (S Jalisco and Colima to WC Veracruz, Puebla and C Oaxaca)
Vireo griseus White-eyed Vireo
griseus (Boddaert, 1783)31 vSE USA (Nebraska to Connecticut, W Texas and N Florida) >> E Mexico to N Honduras; Cuba, Bahamas
maynardi Brewster, 1887 iSE USA (S Florida)
bermudianus Bangs & Bradlee, 1901 vBermuda
micrus Nelson, 1899 vS USA (S Texas), NE Mexico (E Coahuila to Tamaulipas and SE San Luis Potosí)
perquisitor Nelson, 1900 iE Mexico (SE San Luis Potosí, N Veracruz)
marshalli A.R. Phillips, 199132 iEC Mexico (interior S San Luis Potosí, N Hidalgo) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
Vireo crassirostris Thick-billed Vireo
crassirostris (H. Bryant, 1859) vBahamas
stalagmium Buden, 198533 iCaicos Is. [Buden, 1985 #566]
tortugae Richmond, 1917 iIle de la Tortue (off NW Haiti)
cubensis Kirkconnell & Garrido, 200034 vCayo Paredón Grande (off N Cuba) [Kirkconnell, 2000 #2227]
alleni Cory, 188635 iCayman Is. [Cory, 1886 #1058]
Vireo pallens36 Mangrove Vireo
1 paluster R.T. Moore, 1938 vW Mexico (SW Sonora to Nayarit)
1 ochraceus Salvin, 1863 vS Mexico (S Oaxaca, S Chiapas), S Guatemala, W El Salvador
1 pallens Salvin, 1863 iS Honduras, W Nicaragua, NW Costa Rica
1 nicoyensis Parkes, 199037 vNW Costa Rica (Golfo de Nicoya area) [Parkes, 1990 #2942]
2 salvini van Rossem, 193438 iSE Mexico (Yucatan Pen.), N Belize (including Turneffe Is.)
2 semiflavus Salvin, 1863 vS Belize, N Guatemala, N Honduras and E Nicaragua
2 wetmorei A.R. Phillips, 199139 iEl Cayo (off NE Guatemala in Bahía de Amatique) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
2 angulensis Parkes, 1990 vIslas de la Bahía (off N Honduras) [Parkes, 1990 #2942]
2 browningi A.R. Phillips, 199140 iSE Nicaragua [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
3 approximans Ridgway, 188441,42 Isla de Providencia and Isla Santa Catalina (W Caribbean)
Vireo bairdi   Ridgway, 1885 Cozumel Vireo
iIsla de Cozumel (off Yucatan Pen.)
Vireo caribaeus   J. Bond & Meyer de Schauensee, 1942 San Andres Vireo
vIsla de San Andrés (W Caribbean)
Vireo gundlachii43 Cuban Vireo
magnus Garrido, 197144 vCayo Cantiles (east of Isla de la Juventud) [Garrido, 1971 #1669]
sanfelipensis Garrido, 197345 vCayo Real (west of Isla de la Juventud) [Garrido, 1973 #1670]
gundlachii Lembeye, 1850 iW and C Cuba, Isla de la Juventud
orientalis Todd, 191646,47 αvSE Cuba [Todd, 1916 #3837]
Vireo modestus 48  P.L. Sclater, 1861 Jamaican Vireoα
vJamaica
Vireo latimeri   S.F. Baird, 1866 Puerto Rican Vireo
iW and C Puerto Rico
Vireo nanus   (Lawrence, 1875) Flat-billed Vireo
iLocally in N, W and S Hispaniola, Ile de la Gonâve
Vireo bellii Bell's Vireo
pusillus Coues, 1866 vSW USA (S California) and NW Mexico (NW Baja California) >> S Baja California
arizonae Ridgway, 1903 iSW USA (S Nevada to SW New Mexico) and NW Mexico (NE Baja California, Sonora) >> W Mexico (south to Jalisco)
medius Oberholser, 1903 vSC USA (S New Mexico, SW Texas) and NC Mexico (south to San Luis Potosí) >> W Mexico
bellii Audubon, 1844 iC and S USA (North Dakota to Indiana and C Texas) >> Mexico to Honduras
Vireo atricapilla 49  Woodhouse, 1852 Black-capped Vireo
iS USA (W Oklahoma to Texas) and N Mexico (Coahuila, S Nuevo León) >> SW Mexico (Sinaloa to Colima)
Vireo nelsoni 50  J. Bond, 1934 Dwarf Vireoα
iSW Mexico (E Jalisco, NE Colima and S Guanajuato to Guerrero, S Puebla and C Oaxaca) [Bond, 1934 #14378]
Vireo vicinior   Coues, 1866 Gray Vireo
vSW USA (Utah to W Texas) and NW Mexico (N Baja California, N Coahuila) >> SW USA (S Arizona, SW Texas) and NW Mexico (S Baja California, W Sonora)
Vireo osburni   (P.L. Sclater, 1861) Blue Mountain Vireo
iJamaica
Vireo flavifrons 51  Vieillot, 1808 Yellow-throated Vireoα
iSE Canada, C and E USA >> E Mexico, Central America, N Caribbean, N Colombia, N Venezuela
Vireo plumbeus52,53 Plumbeous Vireo
plumbeus Coues, 186654 vWC USA (S Idaho to W Texas), W and S Mexico (E Sonora to SC Oaxaca) >> W and SW Mexico
gravis A.R. Phillips, 199155 vEC Mexico (N and W Puebla, ? Hidalgo) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
notius Van Tyne, 1933 vS Belize
montanus van Rossem, 1933 vS Mexico (SE Oaxaca, Chiapas), Guatemala, Honduras
Vireo cassinii56 Cassin's Vireo
cassinii Xántus de Vesey, 1858 iSW Canada, W USA (Washington to S California); NW Mexico (N Baja California) >> W Mexico (south to Oaxaca)
lucasanus Brewster, 1891 vNW Mexico (S Baja California)
Vireo solitarius57 Blue-headed Vireo
solitarius (A. Wilson, 1810) vS Canada and NE USA (N Minnesota to New Jersey) >> S USA (Texas to Florida) and E Mexico to N Nicaragua
alticola Brewster, 1886 iE USA (NE West Virginia and W Maryland to N Georgia) >> SE USA (SE Louisiana to Florida)
Vireo carmioli   S.F. Baird, 1866 Yellow-winged Vireo
iMountains of Costa Rica and W Panama (Chiriquí)
Vireo masteri   Salaman & Stiles, 1996 Choco Vireo
iLocally on W slope of Andes of W Colombia (Risaralda, Nariño) and NW Ecuador (Esmeraldas, Pichincha) [Salaman, 1996 #3441]58
Vireo huttoni59 Hutton's Vireo
obscurus Anthony, 189160,61 αvSW Canada (SW British Columbia) and W USA (W Washington to Oregon and interior NW California) [Anthony, 1891 #91]
parkesi Rea, 199162 iCoastal W USA (NW California) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
sierrae Rea, 199163 iW USA (Sierra Nevada in E California) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
huttoni Cassin, 1851 iCoastal SW USA (SW California, Santa Rosa I., Santa Cruz I.)
oberholseri Bishop, 190564 SW USA (S California) and NW Mexico (N Baja California) [Bishop, 1905 #15302]
unitti Rea, 199165 iSanta Catalina I. (off S California) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
cognatus Ridgway, 1903 vNW Mexico (S Baja California)
stephensi Brewster, 1882 iSW USA (C and E Arizona, SW New Mexico) and W Mexico (E Sonora and W Chihuahua to Zacatecas)
carolinae H.W. Brandt, 1938 iSC USA (SW Texas) and E Mexico (Coahuila to NW Hidalgo)
pacificus A.R. Phillips, 1966 vSW Mexico (Nayarit to SW Jalisco)
mexicanus Ridgway, 1903 vSC Mexico (E Jalisco to Hidalgo, Puebla and N Oaxaca)
vulcani Griscom, 193066 iS Mexico (C Chiapas) to SW Guatemala
Vireo hypochryseus Golden Vireo
nitidus van Rossem, 193467 vNW Mexico (S Sonora)
hypochryseus P.L. Sclater, 186368 αvW Mexico (Sinaloa to Oaxaca)
sordidus Nelson, 1898 vIslas Marías (off W Mexico)
Vireo gilvus69,70 Warbling Vireo
1 swainsoni S.F. Baird, 185871,72 δiSE Alaska, W Canada (S Yukon to W Alberta) and W USA (south to SW California) >> W and S Mexico to W Nicaragua
1 brewsteri (Ridgway, 1903)73 iUSA (SW Montana and S Idaho to SW Texas), W Mexico (Sonora to SC Oaxaca) >> Mexico
1 victoriae Sibley, 1940 iNW Mexico (S Baja California) >> ?
1 sympatricus (A.R. Phillips, 1991)74 vC Mexico (N and EC Puebla) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
2 gilvus (Vieillot, 1808)75 αvS Canada (C Alberta to New Brunswick), C and E USA (N Montana to Louisiana and Virginia) >> Central America
Vireo leucophrys76 Brown-capped Vireo
1 eleanorae Sutton & T.D. Burleigh, 1940 iE Mexico (SW Tamaulipas to N Hidalgo)
1 dubius (A.R. Phillips, 1991)77 vNE Mexico (near Ciudad Victoria, WC Tamaulipas) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
1 amauronotus Salvin & Godman, 1881 vS Mexico (NE Puebla, WC Veracruz)
1 strenuus Nelson, 1900 vS Mexico (N Chiapas), ? C Guatemala
1 bulli J.S. Rowley, 1968 iS Mexico (SE Oaxaca, S Chiapas) [Rowley, 1968 #3402]
1 palmeri (A.R. Phillips, 1991)78 iWC Honduras, ? N El Salvador [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
2 costaricensis (Ridgway, 1903) vC Costa Rica (Cordillera de Tilarán) [Ridgway, 1903 #3279]
2 chiriquensis (Bangs, 1903)79,80 vS Costa Rica and W Panama
2 dissors J.T. Zimmer, 194181 iExtreme E Panama (SE Darién); W and C Andes of Colombia
2 mirandae E. Hartert, 1917 iN Colombia (Santa Marta and ? Sierra de Perijá) and N Venezuela (W Zulia; Táchira to Lara; Falcón to Sucre)
2 josephae P.L. Sclater, 1859 iW Ecuador
2 leucophrys (Lafresnaye, 1844) iE Andes of Colombia, Ecuador, N and C Peru
2 maranonicus J.T. Zimmer, 1941 vW slope of Andes of NW Peru
2 laetissimus (Todd, 1924) vE slope of Andes of SE Peru (Cuzco) to C Bolivia (W Santa Cruz)
Vireo philadelphicus   (Cassin, 1851) Philadelphia Vireo
vS Canada (Alberta to New Brunswick) and N USA (North Dakota to Maine) >> S Mexico to Panama
Vireo olivaceus82,83 Red-eyed Vireo
1 olivaceus (Linnaeus, 1766)84,85 vSW to E Canada, C and E USA >> Colombia to Guyana, Bolivia and NW Brazil
2 caucae (Chapman, 1912) iW Colombia (west of Andes and in upper Cauca valley)
2 griseobarbatus (von Berlepsch & Taczanowski, 1884)86 αvW Ecuador, NW Peru
2 pectoralis J.T. Zimmer, 1941 vN Peru (middle Marañón valley), ? S Ecuador
2 solimoensis Todd, 1931 vE Ecuador, NE Peru, NW Brazil (east to lower R. Negro, south to upper R. Purus)
2 vividior Hellmayr & von Seilern, 1913 vNE and C Colombia (south to Meta), Venezuela, the Guianas, N Brazil (N Amazonas, Roraima), Trinidad
2 tobagensis Hellmayr, 1935 vTobago
2 agilis (M.H.C. Lichtenstein, 1823) vN and E Brazil (E Amazonia from R. Madeira eastward, and south to Rio de Janeiro)
2 diversus J.T. Zimmer, 1941 vE Paraguay, SE Brazil (São Paulo to Rio Grande do Sul), Uruguay
2 chivi (Vieillot, 1817) iC Peru, WC Brazil, E Bolivia, W Paraguay, NE Argentina >> E Colombia, S Venezuela, NC Brazil
Vireo gracilirostris 87  Sharpe, 1890 Noronha Vireo
vFernando de Noronha I. (off NE Brazil)
Vireo flavoviridis88 Yellow-green Vireo
hypoleucus van Rossem & Hachisuka, 193789 NW Mexico (SE Sonora to S Sinaloa) [van Rossem, 1937 #8300]
flavoviridis (Cassin, 1851)90 vNW and NE Mexico (EC Sonora, Tamaulipas) to Panama >> Colombia to Bolivia
forreri von Madarász, 1885 iIslas Marías >> NW South America
perplexus (A.R. Phillips, 1991)91 δvN Guatemala (Petén) >> E Ecuador, E Peru [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
vanrossemi (A.R. Phillips, 1991)92 SE El Salvador [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
Vireo altiloquus Black-whiskered Vireo
barbatulus (Cabanis, 1855) vSE USA (S Florida), Bahamas, Cuba, Isla de la Juventud, Cayman Is. (Little Cayman, Cayman Brac) >> Amazonia
altiloquus (Vieillot, 1808)93,94 vJamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico >> Colombia to Guyana and Amazonia
barbadensis (Ridgway, 1874) vSt. Croix to Barbados (Lesser Antilles), ? Trinidad
bonairensis W.H. Phelps & W.H. Phelps, Jr., 1948 vAruba, Curaçao, Bonaire, Isla de Margarita (off N Venezuela)
grandior (Ridgway, 1884) vIsla de Providencia and Isla Santa Catalina (W Caribbean)
canescens (Cory, 1887) iIsla de San Andrés (W Caribbean)
Vireo magister Yucatan Vireo
magister (S.F. Baird, 1871)95 iSE Mexico (Quintana Roo, Isla Mujeres, Isla de Cozumel) and Belize
decoloratus (A.R. Phillips, 1991)96 vIslands off N Belize (Ambergris Cay to Turneffe Is.) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
stilesi (A.R. Phillips, 1991)97 iGlover's Reef (off C Belize); Islas de la Bahía (off N Honduras) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
caymanensis Cory, 1887 vGrand Cayman (Cayman Is.)
HYLOPHILUS Temminck, 1822 M - Hylophilus poicilotis Temminck, 1822; type by subsequent designation (G.R. Gray, 1840, A List of the Genera of Birds, p. 23).   
Hylophilus poicilotis   Temminck, 1822 Rufous-crowned Greenlet
vSE Brazil (SE Mato Grosso do Sul and Espírito Santo to N Rio Grande do Sul), E Paraguay, NE Argentina (Misiones)
Hylophilus amaurocephalus 98  (von Nordmann, 1835) Gray-eyed Greenlet
vE and SC Brazil (Piauí to Rio Grande do Norte and N São Paulo; SW Mato Grosso do Sul); NE Bolivia (Beni)
Hylophilus thoracicus Lemon-chested Greenlet
aemulus (Hellmayr, 1920) vSE Colombia, E Ecuador, E Peru and NW Bolivia
griseiventris von Berlepsch & E. Hartert, 1902 vE Venezuela (Bolívar), the Guianas, locally in W and N Amazonian Brazil (east to Amapá and R. Madeira)
thoracicus Temminck, 1822 vE Brazil (S Bahia to Rio de Janeiro)
Hylophilus semicinereus Gray-chested Greenlet
viridiceps (Todd, 1929) iS Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar), E French Guiana and N Brazil (north of R. Amazon)
semicinereus P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1867 vE Amazonian Brazil (south of R. Amazon, west to R. Madeira) and NE Bolivia (N Santa Cruz)
juruanus Gyldenstolpe, 1941 vNE Peru (SE Loreto) and W Amazonian Brazil (south of R. Amazon, R. Juruá to R. Purus)
Hylophilus pectoralis   P.L. Sclater, 1866 Ashy-headed Greenlet
vNE Venezuela, the Guianas, N, EC and SC Brazil (E Amapá to Maranhão, Rondônia to W Goiás) and NE Bolivia; NC Peru
Hylophilus sclateri   Salvin & Godman, 1883 Tepui Greenlet
iTepuis of S Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar), Guyana, N Brazil (Roraima) and C Surinam
Hylophilus brunneiceps 99  P.L. Sclater, 1866 Brown-headed Greenlet
iE Colombia (E Vichada, Guainía, Vaupés), S Venezuela and NW Brazil (NW Amazonas, W Roraima)
Hylophilus semibrunneus 100  Lafresnaye, 1845 Rufous-naped Greenlet
vSierra de Perijá, locally in Andes of Colombia and on E slope of Andes of N Ecuador (W Napo)
Hylophilus aurantiifrons Golden-fronted Greenlet
aurantiifrons Lawrence, 1861101 αiPacific slope of E Panama (Herrera to W Darién), N Colombia (Córdoba to W Guajira and Cesar)
helvinus Wetmore & W.H. Phelps, Jr., 1956 vNW Venezuela (W Zulia, Mérida, Táchira)
saturatus (Hellmayr, 1906) vNE Colombia (W Arauca and Casanare, Boyacá), N Venezuela (E Zulia and Barinas to Delta Amacuro), Trinidad
Hylophilus hypoxanthus102 Dusky-capped Greenlet
1 hypoxanthus von Pelzeln, 1868 vSE Colombia (Vaupés, Guainía), S Venezuela (SW Amazonas) and NW Brazil (north of R. Amazon, east to R. Negro)
1 fuscicapillus P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1880 iS Colombia (Putumayo, ? Amazonas), E Ecuador and N Peru (north of R. Marañón)
1 ictericus J. Bond, 1953 vW Amazonian Brazil (upper R. Juruá), SE Peru (Puno) and N Bolivia (Pando to Cochabamba)
2 flaviventris Cabanis, 1873 vC Peru (San Martín to Ayacucho)
3 albigula (Chapman, 1921) iC Amazonian Brazil (south of R. Amazon, R. Purus to R. Tapajós)
3 inornatus (E. Snethlage, 1914)103 vE Amazonian Brazil (south of R. Amazon, R. Tapajós to R. Tocantins)
Hylophilus muscicapinus104 Buff-cheeked Greenlet
1 muscicapinus P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1873 vS and E Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar), the Guianas and N Brazil (north of R. Amazon, west to R. Negro)
2 griseifrons (E. Snethlage, 1907) iC Brazil (south of R. Amazon, from R. Madeira to R. Tapajós, Mato Grosso and S Goiás) and NE Bolivia
Hylophilus flavipes105 Scrub Greenlet
1 viridiflavus Lawrence, 1861106 αvPacific slope from SW Costa Rica to EC Panama (C Panamá)
1 xuthus Wetmore, 1957 vIsla de Coiba (off SW Panama)
2 flavipes Lafresnaye, 1845 iN and C Colombia (Córdoba to Magdalena and south in Magdalena valley to Huila)
2 melleus Wetmore, 1941 vNE Colombia (Serranía de Macuira in N Guajira)
2 galbanus Wetmore & W.H. Phelps, Jr., 1956 vNE Colombia (Guajira to E Norte de Santander; W Arauca to NW Meta), NW Venezuela (W Zulia, Táchira, Mérida, W Barinas, W Portuguesa)
2 acuticaudus Lawrence, 1865107 δiN Venezuela (E Zulia to Sucre, Apure and NE Bolívar; Isla de Margarita)
2 insularis P.L. Sclater, 1861 vTobago
Hylophilus olivaceus   von Tschudi, 1844 Olivaceous Greenlet
vE slope of Andes of Ecuador to C Peru (N Junín)
Hylophilus ochraceiceps108 Tawny-crowned Greenlet
1 ochraceiceps P.L. Sclater, 1860109 αiS Mexico (S Veracruz and N Oaxaca to Campeche and Quintana Roo), N Guatemala, Belize
1 pallidipectus (Ridgway, 1903) iCaribbean slope from N Honduras to W Panama (Bocas del Toro)
1 pacificus Parkes, 1991110 vPacific slope from C Costa Rica to W Panama (W Chiriquí) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
1 nelsoni (Todd, 1929)111 iC and E Panama (Veraguas to Comarca Guna Yala and W Darién)
1 bulunensis E. Hartert, 1902 vE Panama (E Darién), W Colombia and NW Ecuador (south to N Pichincha)
1 ferrugineifrons P.L. Sclater, 1862 iE Colombia, S Venezuela, W Guyana, E Ecuador, NE Peru and W Amazonian Brazil (east to R. Negro and R. Purus)
1 viridior (Todd, 1929) vS Peru (Ayacucho to Puno) and N Bolivia (Pando to Cochabamba and Santa Cruz)
1 luteifrons P.L. Sclater, 1881 iSE Venezuela (E Bolívar), the Guianas and N Brazil (north of R. Amazon, west to R. Branco)
2 lutescens (E. Snethlage, 1914) iC and E Amazonian Brazil (south of R. Amazon, R. Madeira to R. Xingu)
2 rubrifrons P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1867 iE Amazonian Brazil (west to R. Tocantins)
Hylophilus decurtatus112 Lesser Greenlet
1 brevipennis (Giraud, 1852)113,114 vE Mexico (SE San Luis Potosí, N and C Veracruz, N Oaxaca, S Chiapas) [Giraud, 1852 #1709]
1 dickermani Parkes, 1991115 iSE Mexico (S Veracruz to Tabasco, N Chiapas and W Campeche) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
1 phillipsi Parkes, 1991116 iSE Mexico (E Campeche, Quintana Roo), N Belize [Phillips, 1991 #3072]
1 decurtatus (Bonaparte, 1838) vS Belize and Guatemala to C Panama (Colón, W Panamá)
2 darienensis (Griscom, 1927) vEC Panama (E Panamá) to W and NC Colombia (east to N Santander, south to W Valle)
2 minor von Berlepsch & Taczanowski, 1884117 αvSW Colombia (W Nariño) to NW Peru (Tumbes)
1 Understandably A.O.U. (1998) [A.O.U., 1998 #9] recognised no subfamilies, but with the revised circumscription followed here this may need review. Apparently neither Pteruthius nor Erpornis has been seen to require a family-group name.
2 Asian taxa are supposed to be relictual and thus likely to be basal and so are placed first. Sequence of American vireos follows one option in Cicero & Johnson (2001) [Cicero, 2001 #773].
3 Removed from traditional placement in Timaliidae by Cibois (2003) [Cibois, 2003 #767] and shown to belong in Vireonidae by Reddy & Cracraft (2007) [Reddy, 2007 #10637].
4 Taxon content and sequence mostly follow the BSC-based analysis of Rheindt & Eaton (2009) [Rheindt, 2009 #12040].
5 Includes delacouri; see Reddy (2008) [Reddy, 2008 #10833], contra Collar & Robson (2007) [Collar, 2007 #12226].
6 A new name for Pteruthius erythropterus (Vigors, 1831), described in Lanius and preoccupied therein. Replaced before 1961 rendering the name erythropterus permanently invalid; see Art. 59.4 in the Code (I.C.Z.N., 1999) [I.C.Z.N., 1999 #2059].
7 Rheindt & Eaton (2009) [Rheindt, 2009 #12040] attached this population to P. aeralatus thus removing this name from the synonymy of Lanius erythropterus Vigors requiring that taxon to take the name Pteruthius ripleyi Biswas.
8 Treated as a synonym of ricketti by Reddy & Cracraft (2007) [Reddy, 2007 #10637] and Rheindt & Eaton (2009) [Rheindt, 2009 #12040].
9 Livr. 99 must be dated from 1836 see Dickinson (2001) [Dickinson, 2001 #1369]. Deignan (1964: 387) [Deignan, 1964 #1250] gave 1835 following Sherborn (1898) [Sherborn, 1898 #3604].
10 For correct date see Dickinson & Walters (2006) [Dickinson, 2006 #9469].
11 Not considered distinct by Reddy & Cracraft (2007) [Reddy, 2007 #10637] and Rheindt & Eaton (2009) [Rheindt, 2009 #12040].
12 Not considered distinct by Reddy & Cracraft (2007) [Reddy, 2007 #10637] and Rheindt & Eaton (2009) [Rheindt, 2009 #12040].
13 Livr. 99 must be dated from 1836 see Dickinson (2001) [Dickinson, 2001 #1369]. Deignan (1964) [Deignan, 1964 #1250] used 1835 following Sherborn (1898) [Sherborn, 1898 #3604].
14 Traditionally placed in the Timaliidae; in the synonymy of genus Yuhina in Deignan (1964) [Deignan, 1964 #1250], but shown not to belong there by Cibois et al. (2002) [Cibois, 2002 #766], and determined to be a member of the Vireonidae by Reddy & Cracraft (2007) [Reddy, 2007 #10637].
15 Placed in the synonymy of tyrannulus by Collar & Robson (2007) [Collar, 2007 #12226].
16 This taxon and interposita placed in the synonymy of the nominate form by Collar & Robson (2007) [Collar, 2007 #12226].
17 Subspecies groups derived from Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and A.O.U. (1998) [A.O.U., 1998 #9].
18 Tentatively accepted; see Dickerman & Parkes (1997) [Dickerman, 1997 #1353].
19 For correct date see Anon. (1947) [Anon, 1947 #14610].
20 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].
21 Tentatively accepted; see Dickerman & Parkes (1997) [Dickerman, 1997 #1353].
22 For recognition see Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072].
23 For separation from this of V. eximius see Eisenmann (1955) [Eisenmann, 1955 #1490]. Since considered to be allospecies. See also Wetmore et al. (1984) [Wetmore, 1984 #4154] and Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].
24 For recognition see Parkes in Dickerman & Parkes (1997) [Dickerman, 1997 #1353].
25 Includes dearborni A.R. Phillips, 1991 [Phillips, 1991 #3072]; not recognised by Dickerman & Parkes (1997) [Dickerman, 1997 #1353] nor by Brewer & Orenstein (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13493].
26 Includes mutabilis; see Wetmore et al. (1984) and Brewer & Orenstein (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13493]. But see Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072].
27 May comprise more than one species; see Ridgely & Greenfield (2001) [Ridgely, 2001 #3274].
28 Includes Melodivireo Oberholser, 1974 [Oberholser, 1974 #2809] and Solivireo Oberholser, 1974 [Oberholser, 1974 #2809]; see Brewer (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13494].
29 Date wrong, but correct date still unknown; see Dickinson (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #12761].
30 Validity contested; see Binford (1989) [Binford, 1989 #303] and Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072].
31 Includes noveboracensis; see Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072] and Remsen et al. (1998) [Remsen, 1998 #15094].
32 For recognition see Hopp et al. (1995) [Hopp, 1995 #15097].
33 For recognition see Kirkconnell & Garrido (1991) [Kirkconnell, 1991 #14448].
34 For recognition see Brewer (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13494].
35 For recognition see Buden (1985) [Buden, 1985 #566].
36 Attribution to subspecies groups based on Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636]. These may deserve species rank (Brewer & Orenstein, 2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13493].
37 For recognition see Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072].
38 For recognition see Parkes (1990) [Parkes, 1990 #2942] and Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]. Includes olsoni; see Brewer & Orenstein (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13493], but recognised by Dickerman & Parkes (1997) [Dickerman, 1997 #1353].
39 Tentatively accepted; see Dickerman & Parkes (1997) [Dickerman, 1997 #1353].
40 Tentatively accepted; see Dickerman & Parkes (1997) [Dickerman, 1997 #1353].
41 Treated as a subspecies of V. crassirostris by Blake (1968) [Blake, 1968 #4579]; transferred to V. pallens by Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072] and Kirkconnell & Garrido (1991) [Kirkconnell, 1991 #14448].
42 May deserve species rank; see Brewer (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13494].
43 Considered to form a superspecies with V. pallens, V. bairdi and V. caribaeus; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].
44 For recognition see Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072].
45 For recognition see Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072].
46 For recognition see Garrido (1971) [Garrido, 1971 #1669] and Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072].
47 Not 1910 as in Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533], where mistakenly no citation details were added.
48 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].
49 Forms a superspecies with V. nelsoni; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].
50 Proposed as a new name for Vireo nanus Nelson; Bond's 1936 second renaming is rendered unnecessary by the current Code (I.C.Z.N., 1999) [I.C.Z.N., 1999 #2059].
51 Date wrong, but correct date still unknown; see Dickinson (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #12761].
52 For treatment as a separate species from V. solitarius, see Johnson (1995) [Johnson, 1995 #2130]. Subspecific treatment follows Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072].
53 May comprise more than one species; see Brewer (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13494].
54 Includes jacksoni Oberholser, 1974 [Oberholser, 1974 #2809]; see Browning (1978) [Browning, 1978 #536]. Also includes pinicolus and repetens, see Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]; both previously associated with V. solitarius; see Blake (1968) [Blake, 1968 #4579].
55 Tentatively accepted; see Dickerman & Parkes (1997) [Dickerman, 1997 #1353].
56 For treatment as, perhaps, a separate species from V. solitarius, see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Johnson (1995) [Johnson, 1995 #2130]. For separation see A.O.U. (1998) [A.O.U., 1998 #9].
57 Considered to form a superspecies with V. plumbeus and V. cassinii; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].
58 For discovery in NW Ecuador; see Jahn et al. (2007) [Jahn, 2007 #9441].
59 May comprise more than one species; see Cicero & Johnson (1992) [Cicero, 1992 #15301].
60 Includes insularis; see Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072].
61 Not 1890 as in Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533], for correct date see Anon. (1947) [Anon, 1947 #14610].
62 For recognition see Brewer (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13494].
63 For recognition see Brewer (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13494].
64 For recognition see Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]. But see Brewer & Orenstein (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13493].
65 For recognition see Brewer (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13494].
66 Doubtfully distinct; see Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072].
67 Considered a synonym of the nominate form by Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072].
68 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].
69 Subspecies taxonomy follows Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]. For subspecies groups see A.O.U. (1998) [A.O.U., 1998 #9].
70 Considered to form a superspecies with V. leucophrys; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].
71 Includes leucopolia; see Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072].
72 Dual original spellings; for First Reviser selection see David et al. (2009) [David, 2009 #11541].
73 Includes petrorus Oberholser, 1974 [Oberholser, 1974 #2809]; see Browning (1990) [Browning, 1990 #539]. Also includes connectens; see Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072].
74 Questioned by Howell & Webb (1995) [Howell, 1995 #13863], at least in respect of where this breeds. Recognised by Gardali & Ballard (2000) [Gardali, 2000 #15098].
75 Date wrong, but correct date still unknown, see Dickinson (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #12761].
76 We follow A.O.U. (1998) [A.O.U., 1998 #9] in treating V. leucophrys as an allospecies of V. gilvus and in retaining swainsoni within the latter. Subspecies taxonomy for Middle America follows Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072], but without the split into two species. Subspecies groups based on that separation.
77 Tentatively accepted; see Dickerman & Parkes (1997) [Dickerman, 1997 #1353].
78 Tentatively accepted; see Dickerman & Parkes (1997) [Dickerman, 1997 #1353].
79 For recognition see Wetmore et al. (1984) [Wetmore, 1984 #4154] and Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]. Mistakenly listed in synonymy in Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533], who was apparently followed by Brewer (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13494].
80 Brewer & Orenstein (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13493] treated this as a synonym of dissors following Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533].
81 Includes disjunctus; see Olson (1981) [Olson, 1981 #2841].
82 For attribution to subspecies groups see A.O.U. (1998) [A.O.U., 1998 #9]. Ridgely & Greenfield (2001) [Ridgely, 2001 #3274] suggested the chivi group might comprise more than one species.
83 May form a large superspecies with V. gracilirostris, V. flavoviridis, V. altiloquus and V. magister; see Blake (1968) [Blake, 1968 #4579], Mayr & Short (1970) [Mayr, 1970 #2566], Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and A.O.U. (1998) [A.O.U., 1998 #9], but extent not agreed by all.
84 For the lectotypification of Muscicapa olivacea Linnaeus, 1766 fixing it to this species, and the rejection of the name virescens Vieillot, 1808, see Banks & Browning (1996) [Banks, 1996 #198].
85 Subspecies caniviridis sometimes recognised; see Browning (1990) [Browning, 1990 #539] and Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072].
86 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].
87 For treatment as a separate species from V. olivaceus see Oren (1982) [Oren, 1982 #15303] and Olson (1994) [Olson, 1994 #4414].
88 For treatment as separate from V. olivaceus see Johnson & Zink (1985) [Johnson, 1985 #14319].
89 For recognition see Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072]. Omitted in error by Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] and by Brewer & Orenstein (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13493].
90 Includes insulanus; see Wetmore (1946) [Wetmore, 1946 #14449] and Wetmore et al. (1984) [Wetmore, 1984 #4154].
91 Tentatively accepted; see Dickerman & Parkes (1997) [Dickerman, 1997 #1353].
92 Placed in synonymy by Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533], apparently mistakenly as no reason for this now located. Brewer & Orenstein (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13493] did the same.
93 For confirmation of the use of the name altiloquus Vieillot and not olivaceus Linnaeus for this species see Banks & Browning (1996) [Banks, 1996 #198].
94 Date wrong, but correct date still unknown; see Dickinson (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #12761].
95 For correction of authorship see Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072].
96 Tentatively accepted; see Dickerman & Parkes (1997) [Dickerman, 1997 #1353].
97 Tentatively accepted; see Dickerman & Parkes (1997) [Dickerman, 1997 #1353].
98 For treatment as a separate species from H. poicilotis see Willis (1991) [Willis, 1991 #4224].
99 The subspecies inornatus has been moved to H. hypoxanthus (Ridgely & Tudor, 1989) [Ridgely, 1989 #3271].
100 Considered to form a superspecies with H. aurantiifrons; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].
101 For date correction; see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].
102 For subspecies group attribution see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].
103 Treated as a subspecies of H. brunniceps by Blake (1968) [Blake, 1968 #4579]; for transfer here see Ridgely & Tudor (1989) [Ridgely, 1989 #3271].
104 For basis of treatment as two subspecies groups see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].
105 Ridgely & Tudor (1989) [Ridgely, 1989 #3271] noted vocal distinctions between Central American and South American taxa suggesting two or more species involved; subspecies groups based thereon.
106 For date correction see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].
107 Correct original spelling and invariable. Spelling acuticauda in Blake (1968) [Blake, 1968 #4579] and Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] was an ISS.
108 Attribution to subspecies groups based on Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].
109 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].
110 For recognition see Brewer (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13494].
111 Weakly differentiated; see Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072].
112 For attribution to subspecies groups see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].
113 For recognition see Phillips (1991) [Phillips, 1991 #3072].
114 Date 1852 is taken from Hellmayr (1935) [Hellmayr, 1935 #10407] (but dated 1851 by Deignan (1961) [Deignan, 1961 #1244]).
115 For recognition see Brewer (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13494].
116 For recognition see Brewer (2010) [Brewer, 2010 #13494].
117 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].
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