H&M4 Checklist family by family - The Trust for Avian Systematics

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NECTARINIIDAE - Sunbirds^1,2 (16:136)

ARACHNOTHERA Temminck, 1826 F - Nectarinia chrysogenys Temminck, 1826; type by monotypy ³

Arachnothera crassirostris ⁴ (Reichenbach, 1853) Thick-billed Spiderhunterα

vThai-Malay Pen., Sumatra, Borneo

Arachnothera robusta⁵ Long-billed Spiderhunter

robusta S. Müller & Schlegel, 1845 vThai-Malay Pen., Sumatra, Borneo

armata S. Müller & Schlegel, 1845 vJava

Arachnothera flammifera⁶ Philippine Spiderhunter

flammifera Tweeddale, 1878 vSamar, Leyte, Bohol, Mindanao (Philippines)

randi Salomonsen, 1953 Basilan (Philippines)

Arachnothera longirostra^7,8 Little Spiderhunter

1 longirostra (Latham, 1790) iSW Yunnan, Himalayan foothills east from C Nepal, SW, EC and NE India, E Bangladesh, Myanmar, W and NW Thailand

1 sordida La Touche, 1921 vSE Yunnan, N continental SE Asia east from NE Thailand

1 pallida Delacour, 1932 vSE continental SE Asia

1 cinereicollis (Vieillot, 1819) δvThai-Malay Pen., Sumatra and satellites (except Banyak Is. and Nias I.)

1 zarhina Oberholser, 1912^9,10 δvBanyak Is. (off W Sumatra)

1 niasensis van Oort, 1910 vNias I. (off W Sumatra)

1 rothschildi van Oort, 1910 iN Natuna Is. (Indonesia)

1 atita Oberholser, 1932 vS Natuna Is. (Indonesia)

1 prillwitzi E. Hartert, 1901 iJava, Bali

1 buettikoferi van Oort, 1910 iBorneo

2 dilutior Sharpe, 1876¹¹ vPalawan (Philippines)

Arachnothera juliae Sharpe, 1887 Whitehead's Spiderhunter

iMountains of Borneo

Arachnothera clarae Naked-faced Spiderhunter

luzonensis Alcasid & Gonzales, 1968 vEC and S Luzon (Philippines) [Alcasid, 1968 #37]

philippinensis (Steere, 1890) vSamar and Leyte (Philippines)

clarae W. Blasius, 1890 iDavao area of C Mindanao (Philippines)

malindangensis Rand & Rabor, 1957 vW Mindanao (Philippines)

Arachnothera chrysogenys Yellow-eared Spiderhunter

chrysogenys (Temminck, 1826) iFar-SW continental SE Asia, Thai-Malay Pen., Sumatra and satellites, W Borneo, W Java

harrissoni Deignan, 1957 iE Borneo

Arachnothera magna Streaked Spiderhunter

magna (Hodgson, 1836)¹² αvSE Xizang, W Yunnan, Himalayan foothills east from C Nepal, NE India, E Bangladesh, W and N Myanmar

aurata Blyth, 1855 vUplands of C Myanmar

musarum Deignan, 1956 iUplands of S Yunnan, Guangxi, and N continental SE Asia east from E Myanmar

remota Riley, 1940 vUplands of Cambodia and SC and S Vietnam

pagodarum Deignan, 1956¹³ Mountains of SW continental SE Asia and S Thai-Malay Pen.

Arachnothera flavigaster (Eyton, 1839) Spectacled Spiderhunter

iFar-SW continental SE Asia, Thai-Malay Pen., Sumatra, Borneo

Arachnothera affinis ¹⁴ (Horsfield, 1821) Streaky-breasted Spiderhunterα

vJava and Bali

Arachnothera modesta¹⁵ Grey-breasted Spiderhunter

caena Deignan, 1956 vFar-SW (formerly also SE?) continental SE Asia and N Thai-Malay peninsula

modesta (Eyton, 1839) vC and S Thai-Malay Pen.

concolor Snelleman, 1887 iSumatra including Mentawai Is., W Borneo

Arachnothera everetti ^16,17 (Sharpe, 1893) Everett's Spiderhunter/Bornean Spiderhunter

Borneo (except south?)

KUROCHKINEGRAMMA Kashin, 1978 N - Anthreptes nuchalis Blyth, 1843; type by monotypy^18,19

Kurochkinegramma hypogrammicum Purple-naped Sunbird

lisettae (Delacour, 1926) iW, N and EC continental SE Asia

mariae (Deignan, 1943) iSE continental SE Asia

nuchale (Blyth, 1843) vSE Myanmar in S Tenasserim, Thai-Malay Pen.

natunense (Chasen, 1935) vN Natuna Is. (Indonesia)

hypogrammicum (S. Müller, 1843)²⁰ vSumatra, Borneo

CHALCOPARIA Cabanis, 1851 F - Sylvia singalensis Latham, 1790; type by original designation = Motacilla singalensis J.F. Gmelin, 1789 ^21,22

Chalcoparia singalensis Ruby-cheeked Sunbird

assamensis Kloss, 1930 vSW Yunnan, Himalayan foothills east from C Nepal, NE India, Bangladesh, Myanmar (except S and SE), N Thailand

koratensis Kloss, 1918 vSE Yunnan, NC and E continental SE Asia

internota (Deignan, 1955) vSW continental SE Asia

interposita Robinson & Kloss, 1921 vN and C Thai-Malay Pen.

singalensis (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)²³ αvS Thai-Malay Pen.

sumatrana Kloss, 1921 vSumatra and E satellites (Lingga Arch., Belitung)

panopsia Oberholser, 1912 vNias I., Banyak Is., Batu Is. (NW Sumatra)

pallida Chasen, 1935²⁴ αvN Natuna Is. (Indonesia)

borneana Kloss, 1921 vBorneo including Banggi I.

bantenensis (Hoogerwerf, 1967) vW Java

phoenicotis (Temminck, 1822) vC and E Java

DELEORNIS Wolters, 1977 M - Anthreptes fraseri Jardine & Selby, 1843; type by original designation ²⁵

Deleornis fraseri²⁶ Fraser's Sunbird

1 idius (Oberholser, 1899) vSierra Leone to Togo

1 cameroonensis (Bannerman, 1921) vS Nigeria to NW Angola and W DR Congo

1 fraseri (Jardine & Selby, 1843)^27,28 iBioko

2 axillaris (Reichenow, 1893)²⁹ vC DR Congo to Uganda

ANTHREPTES Swainson, 1832 M - Cinnyris javanica Swainson, 1822; type by original designation and monotypy = Certhia malacensis Scopoli, 1786 ³⁰

Anthreptes reichenowi Plain-backed Sunbird

yokanae van Someren, 1921³¹ iCoastal Kenya and Tanzania

reichenowi Gunning, 1909 iE Zimbabwe, Mozambique, NE South Africa

Anthreptes anchietae (Bocage, 1878) Anchieta's Sunbird

iAngola to N Zambia, SW Tanzania, W Malawi, NW Mozambique

Anthreptes simplex (S. Müller, 1843) Plain Sunbird

iFar-SW continental SE Asia, Thai-Malay Pen., Sumatra including Nias I., N Natuna Is. (Indonesia), Borneo

Anthreptes malacensis³² Brown-throated Sunbird

1 malacensis (Scopoli, 1786)³³ vContinental SE Asia (except NW and NC), Thai-Malay Pen., Greater Sundas and satellites (except N Borneo)

1 borneensis Riley, 1920³⁴ vN Borneo

1 mjobergi Bangs & J.L. Peters, 1927³⁵ iMaratua I. (off E Borneo)

1 iris Parkes, 1971 iSibutu (Sulu Arch.) [Parkes, 1971 #2925]

1 paraguae Riley, 1920³⁶ iBalabac, Palawan and satellites (Philippines)

2 birgitae Salomonsen, 1953 iN and C Luzon, Catanduanes, Mindoro (Philippines)

2 griseigularis (Tweeddale, 1878)³⁷ αvSamar, Leyte, Dinagat, NE Mindanao and satellites (Philippines)

3 heliolusius Oberholser, 1923³⁸ W and C Mindanao, Basilan (Philippines)

3 wiglesworthi E. Hartert, 1902³⁹ Sulu Arch. (except Sibutu)

3 chlorigaster Sharpe, 1877 iTablas, Romblon and Masbate south to Cebu, Negros and SW Mindanao (Philippines)

3 cagayanensis Mearns, 1905 vMapun (Philippines)

3 heliocalus Oberholser, 1923 vSangir (Sangir Is.)

3 celebensis Shelley, 1878^40,41 αvSulawesi, Banggai Is., Sula Is.

3 convergens Rensch, 1929 iLombok (ssp.?) east to Alor, except Sumba (Lesser Sundas)

3 rubrigena Rensch, 1931 iSumba (Lesser Sundas)

Anthreptes rhodolaemus Shelley, 1878 Red-throated Sunbird

vThai-Malay Pen., Sumatra, Borneo

Anthreptes gabonicus (Hartlaub, 1861) Brown Sunbird/Mangrove Sunbird

vSenegal and Gambia to Cameroon, south to N Angola

Anthreptes longuemarei⁴² Western Violet-backed Sunbird

longuemarei (Anon. = Lesson, 1831)^43,44 αiSenegal to N DR Congo, South Sudan, Uganda and W Kenya [Lesson, 1831 #15556]

angolensis Neumann, 1906 vS DR Congo, Angola, Zambia, Malawi, Tanzania

nyassae Neumann, 1906 iSE Tanzania, N and C Mozambique, E Zimbabwe

Anthreptes orientalis ⁴⁵ Hartlaub, 1880 Eastern Violet-backed Sunbird

vSomalia to SE South Sudan and NE and C Tanzania

Anthreptes neglectus Neumann, 1922 Uluguru Violet-backed Sunbird

vSE Kenya, E Tanzania, N Mozambique

Anthreptes aurantius ⁴⁶ J. & E. Verreaux, 1851 Violet-tailed Sunbirdδ

vCameroon to PR Congo, DR Congo, S Central African Republic, NE Angola

Anthreptes seimundi Little Green Sunbird

kruensis (Bannerman, 1911) vSierra Leone to W Togo

seimundi (Ogilvie-Grant, 1908) iBioko

minor Bates, G.L., 1926⁴⁷ vS Benin and S Nigeria to N Angola, east to South Sudan and Uganda

Anthreptes rectirostris^48,49 Grey-chinned Sunbird

rectirostris (Shaw, 1812)^50,51 αvSierra Leone to Ghana and W Togo

tephrolaemus (Jardine & Fraser, 1852)^52,53,54 vBioko, S Nigeria to NW Angola, east to Uganda and W Kenya

Anthreptes rubritorques ⁵⁵ Reichenow, 1905 Banded Green Sunbird

iE Tanzania

HEDYDIPNA Cabanis, 1851 F - Cinnyris platurus Vieillot, 1819; type by original designation ^56,57,58

Hedydipna collaris Collared Sunbird

subcollaris (Hartlaub, 1857) vSenegal and Gambia to SW Nigeria

hypodila (Jardine & Fraser, 1852)^59,60 αvBioko

somereni (Chapin, 1949) iSE Nigeria, N and W DR Congo, N Angola, SW Sudan

djamdjamensis (Benson, 1942) vSW Ethiopia

garguensis (Mearns, 1915) vSE South Sudan, Uganda and W Kenya to N Zambia, W Tanzania

elachior (Mearns, 1910)⁶¹ vE Kenya, NE Tanzania, S Somalia, S Ethiopia

zambesiana (Shelley, 1876) vSE Angola, S Zambia, SE Tanzania to N Botswana, N Zimbabwe, C Mozambique.

zuluensis (Roberts, 1931)⁶² E Zimbabwe, S Mozambique to E South Africa (Mpumalanga, NE KwaZulu-Natal)

collaris (Vieillot, 1819) vSE South Africa (S KwaZulu-Natal, S Eastern Cape), Swaziland

Hedydipna platura ⁶³ (Vieillot, 1819) Pygmy Sunbird

vMauritania and Senegal to SW Sudan, South Sudan, N Uganda, NW Kenya

Hedydipna metallica ⁶⁴ (M.H.C. Lichtenstein, 1823) Nile Valley Sunbird

vE Egypt, Sudan to SW Saudi Arabia, Yemen, S Oman >> N Somalia

Hedydipna pallidigaster (W.L. Sclater & Moreau, 1935) Amani Sunbird

E Kenya, NE and EC Tanzania

ANABATHMIS Reichenow, 1905 F - Nectarinia reichenbachii Hartlaub, 1857; type by subsequent designation (W.L. Sclater, 1930, Systema Avium Æthiopicarum, p. 707). ⁶⁵

Anabathmis reichenbachii ⁶⁶ (Hartlaub, 1857) Reichenbach's Sunbird

iLiberia to N Angola and N DR Congo

Anabathmis hartlaubii (Hartlaub, 1857) Principe Sunbird

iPríncipe

Anabathmis newtonii (Bocage, 1887) Newton's Sunbird

iSão Tomé

DREPTES Reichenow, 1914 M - Nectarinia thomensis Bocage, 1889; type by original designation ⁶⁷

Dreptes thomensis (Bocage, 1889) Giant Sunbird

vSão Tomé

ANTHOBAPHES Cabanis, 1851 F - Certhia violacea Linnaeus, 1766; type by monotypy ^68,69

Anthobaphes violacea (Linnaeus, 1766) Orange-breasted Sunbird

vS South Africa (Western Cape)

CYANOMITRA Reichenbach, 1853 F - Certhia cyanocephala Shaw, 1812; type by subsequent designation (G.R. Gray, 1855, Cat. of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds, p. 137). ^70,71

Cyanomitra verticalis Green-headed Sunbird

verticalis (Latham, 1790) vSenegal to Nigeria

bohndorffi (Reichenow, 1887) iCameroon to Central African Republic, N Angola, S DR Congo

cyanocephala (Shaw, 1812)⁷² vW Gabon to R. Congo

viridisplendens (Reichenow, 1892) iW and S South Sudan, E DR Congo to W Kenya, NE Zambia, N Malawi

Cyanomitra bannermani C.H.B. Grant & Mackworth-Praed, 1943 Bannerman's Sunbird

iAngola, S DR Congo, NW Zambia

Cyanomitra cyanolaema Blue-throated Brown Sunbird

magnirostrata (Bates, G.L., 1930) vSierra Leone to Ghana and W Togo

cyanolaema (Jardine & Fraser, 1852)⁷³ αvBioko

octaviae Amadon, 1953 iSW Nigeria to Uganda and N Angola

Cyanomitra oritis Cameroon Sunbird

poensis Alexander, 1903 vMountains of Bioko

oritis (Reichenow, 1892) iSW Cameroon (Mont Cameroun)

bansoensis Bannerman, 1922 vE Nigeria, W Cameroon

Cyanomitra alinae Blue-headed Sunbird

derooi (Prigogine, 1975) iNE DR Congo [Prigogine, 1975 #3139]

kaboboensis (Prigogine, 1975) vE DR Congo (Mt. Kabobo) [Prigogine, 1975 #3139]

alinae F.J. Jackson, 1904 iSW Uganda, NW Rwanda

tanganjicae (Reichenow, 1915) iE DR Congo to SW Rwanda, W Burundi

marungensis (Prigogine, 1975)⁷⁴ δvSE DR Congo (Marungu Highlands) [Prigogine, 1975 #3139]

Cyanomitra olivacea⁷⁵ Olive Sunbird

guineensis Bannerman, 1921 vSenegal to Togo

cephaelis (Bates, G.L., 1930) iBenin to DR Congo, N Angola

obscura (Jardine, 1843)⁷⁶ vPríncipe, Bioko

ragazzii (Salvadori, 1888) iSW Ethiopia, S South Sudan, W Kenya, Uganda, W Tanzania, E and SE DR Congo, N Zambia

changamwensis Mearns, 1910 vS Somalia to NE Tanzania

neglecta Neumann, 1900 vC Kenya, N Tanzania

granti Vincent, 1934 iPemba I., Zanzibar

alfredi Vincent, 1934⁷⁷ iE and S Tanzania, Malawi, SE Zambia, N and E Mozambique

sclateri Vincent, 1934 iE Zimbabwe, W Mozambique

olivacina (W. Peters, 1881) vCoastal S Mozambique, E South Africa (NE KwaZulu-Natal)

olivacea (A. Smith, 1840) vCoastal SE South Africa (S KwaZulu-Natal to N Eastern Cape)

Cyanomitra verreauxii Mouse-coloured Sunbird/Grey Sunbird

fischeri (Reichenow, 1880) iCoastal S Somalia to Mozambique and E South Africa (N KwaZulu-Natal)

zanzibarica (Grote, 1932) vZanzibar

verreauxii (A. Smith, 1832)^78,79 αδiCoastal SE South Africa (C and S KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape)

CHALCOMITRA Reichenbach, 1853 F - Certhia amethystina Shaw, 1812; type by subsequent designation (G.R. Gray, 1855, Cat. of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds, p. 137). ^80,81,82

Chalcomitra adelberti Buff-throated Sunbird

adelberti (Gervais, 1834)⁸³ iSierra Leone to Ghana

eboensis (Jardine, 1843)⁸⁴ vTogo to SE Nigeria

Chalcomitra fuliginosa Carmelite Sunbird

aurea (Lesson, 1847) vCoastal Liberia to Gabon

fuliginosa (Shaw, 1812)⁸⁵ vLower R. Congo, NW Angola

Chalcomitra rubescens Green-throated Sunbird

crossensis Serle, 1963 vSE Nigeria, W Cameroon

stangerii (Jardine, 1842) iBioko

rubescens (Vieillot, 1819) iCameroon to DR Congo, S South Sudan, W Kenya, south to N Angola and NW Zambia.

Chalcomitra amethystina Amethyst Sunbird

kalckreuthi (Cabanis, 1878)⁸⁶ iS Somalia, E Kenya, NE Tanzania

kirkii (Shelley, 1876)⁸⁷ iSE South Sudan, Uganda, W and C Kenya, W and S Tanzania to E Zambia, Zimbabwe and C Mozambique

deminuta Cabanis, 1880 vS DR Congo, W Zambia, Angola, N Namibia, N Botswana

amethystina (Shaw, 1812)^88,89 vE and S South Africa, S Mozambique, SE Botswana

Chalcomitra senegalensis Scarlet-chested Sunbird

senegalensis (Linnaeus, 1766) vS Mauritania and Senegal to N Nigeria

acik (Hartmann, 1866) iCameroon to SW Sudan, W and C South Sudan, NE DR Congo, NW Uganda

proteus (Rüppell, 1840)⁹⁰ vSE Sudan, E South Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea

lamperti (Reichenow, 1897) iE DR Congo, S and E Uganda, W and C Kenya, W and C Tanzania

saturatior (Reichenow, 1891)⁹¹ vS DR Congo, Angola, W Zambia, to Namibia, N Botswana,

gutturalis (Linnaeus, 1766) vS Somalia to E Tanzania, E Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, E South Africa

Chalcomitra hunteri ⁹² (Shelley, 1889) Hunter's Sunbird

iSomalia, SW and E Ethiopia, S South Sudan, N and E Kenya, NE Tanzania

Chalcomitra balfouri (P.L. Sclater & Hartlaub, 1881) Socotra Sunbird

iSocotra

LEPTOCOMA Cabanis, 1851 F - Nectarinia hasseltii Temminck, 1825; type by original designation = Certhia brasiliana J.F. Gmelin, 1788 ^93,94,95

Leptocoma zeylonica Purple-rumped Sunbird

flaviventris (Hermann, 1804) vIndia (except NW), Bangladesh, W and SW Myanmar

zeylonica (Linnaeus, 1766) vSri Lanka

Leptocoma minima (Sykes, 1832) Crimson-backed Sunbird

vW and SW India

Leptocoma sperata^96,97 Purple-throated Sunbird

1 emmae Delacour & Jabouille, 1928 iSE continental SE Asia

1 brasiliana (J.F. Gmelin, 1788)⁹⁸ vNE India, E Bangladesh, continental SE Asia (except N and E), Thai-Malay Pen., Sumatra and satellites (except Simeulue), Borneo, W Java

1 mecynorhyncha (Oberholser, 1912) vSimeulue I. (NW Sumatra)

1 eumecis (Oberholser, 1917) iAnamba Is. (Indonesia)

1 axantha (Oberholser, 1932) vNatuna Is. (Indonesia)

2 henkei (A.B. Meyer, 1884)⁹⁹ iN Luzon and satellites (Philippines)

2 sperata (Linnaeus, 1766) vC and S Luzon, Polillo, Catanduanes (Philippines)

2 trochilus (Salomonsen, 1953)¹⁰⁰ iMaratua I. (off E Borneo); Palawan and satellites, Mindoro, Romblon, Masbate and Samar south to Negros, Cebu and E Mindanao (Philippines)

2 juliae (Tweeddale, 1877)¹⁰¹ iW and C Mindanao, Sulu Arch. (Philippines)

Leptocoma aspasia Black Sunbird

talautensis (A.B. Meyer & Wiglesworth, 1894) vTalaud Is. (N Sulawesi)

sangirensis (A.B. Meyer, 1874) vSangir (Sangir Is.)

grayi (Wallace, 1865) iN Sulawesi and nearby satellites

porphyrolaema (Wallace, 1865) vSulawesi and satellites, except N and Banggai and Sula Is.

auriceps (G.R. Gray, 1861)¹⁰² αiBanggai Is., Sula Is. and N Moluccas

auricapilla (Mees, 1965) iKayoa (N Moluccas)

aspasioides (G.R. Gray, 1861)¹⁰³ αiS and SE Moluccas to Watubela Is., Aru Is. (SW New Guinea)

proserpina (Wallace, 1863) iBuru (S Moluccas)

chlorolaema (Salvadori, 1874) vKai Is. (SE Moluccas)

cochrani (Stresemann & Paludan, 1932) iWaigeo (Western Papuan Is.)¹⁰⁴

mariae (Ripley, 1959) iKafiau (Western Papuan Is.)

aspasia (Lesson & Garnot, 1828)^105,106 vLowland New Guinea, Misool, Gag, Adi, Yapen, Karkar and Manam Is.

mysorensis (A.B. Meyer, 1874) vBiak I. (in Cenderawasih Bay)

maforensis (A.B. Meyer, 1874) vNumfoor I. (in Cenderawasih Bay)

nigriscapularis (Salvadori, 1876) vMios Num I. and small islands towards Biak I. (in Cenderawasih Bay)

salvadorii (Shelley, 1877) iSmall islands west of Yapen I. (in Cenderawasih Bay)

veronica (Mees, 1965) iLiki I. (Kumamba Is., off NC New Guinea)

cornelia (Salvadori, 1878) iTarawai I. (off NC New Guinea)

christianae (Tristram, 1889) iD'Entrecasteaux Arch., Louisiade Arch., Woodlark I.

caeruleogula (Mees, 1965) iNew Britain, Umboi (Bismarck Arch.)

corinna (Salvadori, 1878) iNew Ireland, New Hanover, Hibernian Is. (Bismarck Arch.)

eichhorni (Rothschild & E. Hartert, 1926) iFeni Is. (Hibernian Is.)

Leptocoma calcostetha (Jardine, 1843) Copper-throated Sunbird

vCoasts of SW, S and far-SE continental SE Asia, Thai-Malay Pen., Greater Sundas, Balabac and Palawan (W Philippines)

NECTARINIA Illiger, 1811 F - Certhia famosa Linnaeus, 1766; type by subsequent designation (G.R. Gray, 1840, A List of the Genera of Birds, p. 12).

Nectarinia bocagii ¹⁰⁷ Shelley, 1879 Bocage's Sunbird

iAngola, S DR Congo

Nectarinia purpureiventris (Reichenow, 1893) Purple-breasted Sunbird

vSW Uganda, E DR Congo, Rwanda, Burundi

Nectarinia tacazze¹⁰⁸ Tacazze Sunbird

tacazze (Stanley, 1814) iEritrea, Ethiopia

jacksoni Neumann, 1899 iSE South Sudan, N and E Uganda, W Kenya, N Tanzania

Nectarinia kilimensis Bronzy Sunbird

kilimensis Shelley, 1885¹⁰⁹ αvE DR Congo to S Uganda, W and C Kenya, N Tanzania

arturi P.L. Sclater, 1906 iS Tanzania, Malawi, NE Zambia, E Zimbabwe

gadowi Bocage, 1892 iWC Angola

Nectarinia famosa Malachite Sunbird

cupreonitens Shelley, 1876¹¹⁰ iEthiopia to E DR Congo, Tanzania and N Malawi

famosa (Linnaeus, 1766)¹¹¹ vSouth Africa, E Zimbabwe, W Mozambique

Nectarinia johnstoni Scarlet-tufted Sunbird

johnstoni Shelley, 1885 iW and C Kenya, N Tanzania

dartmouthi Ogilvie-Grant, 1906 iE DR Congo to W Rwanda, SW Uganda

nyikensis Delacour, 1944^112,113 vS Tanzania, NE Zambia, N Malawi

itombwensis Prigogine, 1977 vE DR Congo (Itombwe Highlands) [Prigogine, 1977 #3141]

DREPANORHYNCHUS G.A. Fischer & Reichenow, 1884 M - Drepanorhynchus reichenowi G.A. Fischer, 1884; type by original designation ¹¹⁴

Drepanorhynchus reichenowi Golden-winged Sunbird

shellyae (Prigogine, 1952) iE DR Congo

lathburyi (J.G. Williams, 1956) iN Kenya

reichenowi G.A. Fischer, 1884 iS Uganda to C and S Kenya, NE Tanzania

CINNYRIS Cuvier, 1816 M - Certhia splendida Shaw, 1811; type by subsequent designation (G.R. Gray, 1855, Cat. of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds, p. 19). = Certhia coccinigastra Latham, 1801 ^{115,116,117,118}

Cinnyris chloropygius Olive-bellied Sunbird

kempi Ogilvie-Grant, 1910 iSenegal to SW Nigeria

chloropygius (Jardine, 1842)¹¹⁹ vBioko, SE Nigeria to NW Angola and W DR Congo

orphogaster Reichenow, 1899¹²⁰ iNE Angola, C and E DR Congo, SW South Sudan, SW Ethiopia, Uganda, NW Tanzania, W Kenya

Cinnyris minullus ¹²¹ Reichenow, 1899 Tiny Sunbird

vBioko; Sierra Leone and Liberia to DR Congo and W Uganda

Cinnyris manoensis¹²² Miombo Double-collared Sunbird

manoensis Reichenow, 1907¹²³ vSE Tanzania, SE Zambia, Zimbabwe, N Mozambique

pintoi (Wolters, 1965) iAngola, S DR Congo, Zambia, N Malawi

amicorum (Clancey, 1970) iS Mozambique (Mt. Gorongoza) [Clancey, 1970 #844]

Cinnyris chalybeus¹²⁴ Southern Double-collared Sunbird

subalaris Reichenow, 1899 vE South Africa (Limpopo to KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape), Swaziland

chalybeus (Linnaeus, 1766)¹²⁵ vS and W South Africa to S Namibia

Cinnyris neergaardi C.H.B. Grant, 1908 Neergaard's Sunbird

iS Mozambique, E South Africa (N KwaZulu-Natal)

Cinnyris afer ¹²⁶ (Linnaeus, 1766) Greater Double-collared Sunbird

vE and S South Africa

Cinnyris stuhlmanni¹²⁷ Ruwenzori Double-collared Sunbird

stuhlmanni Reichenow, 1893 iRwenzori Mts. (NE DR Congo/W Uganda)

graueri Neumann, 1908¹²⁸ iE DR Congo, W Burundi, Rwanda, SW Uganda

chapini Prigogine, 1952 E DR Congo (west of Lake Edward)

prigoginei J.D. Macdonald, 1958¹²⁹ iSE DR Congo (Marungu Highlands)

Cinnyris ludovicensis¹³⁰ Ludwig's Double-collared Sunbird

ludovicensis (Bocage, 1868)^131,132 αvW Angola

whytei Benson, 1948 iNE Zambia, N Malawi

Cinnyris reichenowi Northern Double-collared Sunbird

preussi Reichenow, 1892 iBioko, SE Nigeria, Cameroon

reichenowi Sharpe, 1891¹³³ iNE DR Congo to Rwanda, W Uganda, SE South Sudan, W and C Kenya

Cinnyris regius Regal Sunbird

regius Reichenow, 1893¹³⁴ vE DR Congo to W Uganda.

anderseni J.G. Williams, 1950 iW Tanzania

Cinnyris rockefelleri Chapin, 1932 Rockefeller's Sunbird

iE DR Congo

Cinnyris mediocris ¹³⁵ Shelley, 1885 Eastern Double-collared Sunbird

W and C Kenya, N Tanzania

Cinnyris usambaricus ¹³⁶ Grote, 1922 Usambara Double-collared Sunbird

vSE Kenya, NE Tanzania

Cinnyris fuelleborni Forest Double-collared Sunbird

fuelleborni Reichenow, 1899 C and S Tanzania, N Malawi, NE Zambia

bensoni J.G. Williams, 1953 S Malawi, N Mozambique

Cinnyris moreaui ¹³⁷ W.L. Sclater, 1933 Moreau's Sunbird

iNE and E Tanzania

Cinnyris loveridgei E. Hartert, 1922 Loveridge's Sunbird

iUluguru Mts. (E Tanzania)

Cinnyris pulchellus Beautiful Sunbird

pulchellus (Linnaeus, 1766)¹³⁸ vMauritania and Senegal to W Ethiopia, Uganda and NW Kenya

melanogastrus (G.A. Fischer & Reichenow, 1884) vW and S Kenya, Tanzania

Cinnyris mariquensis Mariqua Sunbird/Marico Sunbird

osiris (Finsch, 1870)¹³⁹ αiEthiopia and Eritrea to N Kenya, N Uganda

suahelicus Reichenow, 1891 vS Uganda, W and C Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, NE Zambia

mariquensis A. Smith, 1836¹⁴⁰ vS Angola, SW Zambia, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, N and E South Africa, S Mozambique.

Cinnyris shelleyi Shelley's Sunbird

hofmanni Reichenow, 1915 iE Tanzania

shelleyi Alexander, 1899 iSC Tanzania to C Zambia and N Mozambique

Cinnyris congensis (van Oort, 1910) Congo Sunbird

vC PR Congo, DR Congo (middle R. Congo and lower R. Ubangi)

Cinnyris erythrocercus ¹⁴¹ (Hartlaub, 1857) Red-chested Sunbird

vSouth Sudan, Uganda to E DR Congo, W Kenya and NW Tanzania

Cinnyris nectarinioides Black-bellied Sunbird

erlangeri (Reichenow, 1905) iS Ethiopia, S Somalia, NE Kenya

nectarinioides Richmond, 1897 iE Kenya to NE Tanzania

Cinnyris bifasciatus Purple-banded Sunbird

bifasciatus (Shaw, 1812)¹⁴² vGabon to W Angola

microrhynchus Shelley, 1876¹⁴³ vUganda to S Somalia, south to E and S Tanzania, Zambia, Mozambique and KwaZulu-Natal.

Cinnyris tsavoensis van Someren, 1922 Tsavo Purple-banded Sunbird

vSE Kenya, NE Tanzania

Cinnyris chalcomelas ¹⁴⁴ Reichenow, 1905 Violet-breasted Sunbird

iS Somalia, SE Kenya

Cinnyris pembae Reichenow, 1905 Pemba Sunbird

iPemba I.

Cinnyris bouvieri Shelley, 1877 Orange-tufted Sunbird

iE Nigeria to W Kenya, south to N Angola and NW Zambia

Cinnyris osea Palestine Sunbird

osea Bonaparte, 1856 iLebanon and SW Syria to Sinai, and W and S Arabia to S Oman

decorsei Oustalet, 1904 iE Cameroon to SW Sudan, South Sudan, NE DR Congo

Cinnyris habessinicus Shining Sunbird

kinneari Bates, G.L., 1935 iW Saudi Arabia

hellmayri Neumann, 1904 iExtreme SW Saudi Arabia, Yemen, S Oman

habessinicus (Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1828) vNE Sudan to N and C Ethiopia

alter Neumann, 1906¹⁴⁵ vE Ethiopia, N Somalia

turkanae van Someren, 1920 iS Ethiopia, N Kenya, NE Uganda, S Somalia

Cinnyris coccinigastrus ¹⁴⁶ (Latham, 1801) Splendid Sunbirdα

vSenegal to NE DR Congo

Cinnyris johannae Johanna's Sunbird

fasciatus (Jardine & Fraser, 1852) vSierra Leone to Ghana

johannae J. & E. Verreaux, 1851 iSE Nigeria and S Cameroon to DR Congo and NW Angola (Cabinda)

Cinnyris superbus Superb Sunbird

ashantiensis Bannerman, 1922 vSierra Leone to Togo

nigeriae (Rand & Traylor, 1959) iS Benin and S Nigeria

superbus (Shaw, 1809)¹⁴⁷ αvS Cameroon to DR Congo, Angola

buvuma van Someren, 1932 iNE DR Congo, Uganda

Cinnyris rufipennis (Jensen, 1983) Rufous-winged Sunbird

vEC Tanzania (Udzungwa Mts.)

Cinnyris oustaleti Oustalet's Sunbird

oustaleti (Bocage, 1878) iC Angola

rhodesiae Benson, 1955 iW Tanzania, NE Zambia

Cinnyris talatala ^148,149 A. Smith, 1836 White-bellied Sunbird

S Angola, S Zambia and Mozambique to NE Namibia, N and E Botswana, N and E South Africa

Cinnyris venustus Variable Sunbird

venustus (Shaw, 1799)¹⁵⁰ vSenegal to Cameroon

fazoqlensis (von Heuglin, 1874)^151,152 αδvS Sudan, N and W Ethiopia, Eritrea

albiventris (Strickland, 1852)¹⁵³ vSomalia, E Ethiopia, NE Kenya

falkensteini G.A. Fischer & Reichenow, 1884 iS South Sudan, W and S Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia to Angola, C and E Zimbabwe, C Mozambique

igneiventris Reichenow, 1899 vUganda, Rwanda, E DR Congo

Cinnyris fuscus Dusky Sunbird

fuscus Vieillot, 1819 vNamibia, SW Botswana, W and C South Africa

inclusus (Clancey, 1970) vCoastal SW and W Angola [Clancey, 1970 #842]

Cinnyris ursulae (Alexander, 1903) Ursula's Sunbird

iBioko, SE Nigeria, W Cameroon

Cinnyris batesi Ogilvie-Grant, 1908 Bates's Sunbird

iBioko, Liberia to E DR Congo, south to NW Zambia

Cinnyris cupreus Copper Sunbird

cupreus (Shaw, 1812)¹⁵⁴ vSenegal to N and E DR Congo, W Ethiopia, W Kenya, NW Tanzania

chalceus (Hartlaub, 1862) vS DR Congo, S Tanzania to Angola, Zambia, N Zimbabwe

Cinnyris asiaticus Purple Sunbird

brevirostris (Blanford, 1873) vPersian Gulf east to NE Afghanistan, Pakistan, NW India

asiaticus (Latham, 1790) vHimalayan foothills from Kashmir to Sikkim, India (except NW and NE), Sri Lanka

intermedius (Hume, 1870) vS Yunnan, Himalayan foothills east from Bhutan, NE India, Bangladesh, continental SE Asia except NE and SC

Cinnyris jugularis¹⁵⁵ Olive-backed Sunbird

1 andamanicus (Hume, 1873) vCoco Is. (off Myanmar), Andamans

1 proselius Oberholser, 1923 vCar Nicobar (Nicobars)

1 klossi (Richmond, 1902)¹⁵⁶ iS Nicobars

1 rhizophorae (Swinhoe, 1869)¹⁵⁷ iS China from SE Yunnan to Guangdong and Hainan, NE continental SE Asia

1 flammaxillaris (Blyth, 1845) vContinental SE Asia (except NE), Thai-Malay Pen. except S

1 ornatus Lesson, 1827 vS Thai-Malay Pen., Greater Sundas, Lesser Sundas east to Lomblen

1 polyclystus Oberholser, 1912 vEnggano I. (SW Sumatra)

1 aurora (Tweeddale, 1878) iBalabac, Palawan and satellites (Philippines)

1 obscurior Ogilvie-Grant, 1894 vN Luzon (Philippines)

1 jugularis (Linnaeus, 1766) vPhilippines (except ranges of aurora and obscurior), south to Basilan

1 woodi (Mearns, 1909) iSulu Arch.

1 plateni (W. Blasius, 1885)¹⁵⁸ iSulawesi and N and SW satellites, including Sangir and Talaud Is.

1 infrenatus E. Hartert, 1903 vButon I. and Tukangbesi Is. (off SE Sulawesi)

1 teysmanni Büttikofer, 1893 iTanahjampea I., Kalao I. (Flores Sea)

2 clementiae Lesson, 1827 iS and SE Moluccas to Watubela Is. (except Buru)

2 buruensis E. Hartert, 1910 vBuru (S Moluccas)

2 keiensis Stresemann, 1913 vKai Is. (SE Moluccas)

2 idenburgi Rand, 1940 iLowland N New Guinea (R. Tariku-Taritatu basin, local in R. Sepik-Ramu basin)

3 robustirostris (Mees, 1964) vBanggai and Sula Is. (E Sulawesi)

3 frenatus (S. Müller, 1843) vN Moluccas, lowland New Guinea (except range of idenburgi), Aru Is., D'Entrecasteaux Arch. and N and E Queensland

3 flavigastra (Gould, 1843)¹⁵⁹ iBismarck Arch., Solomons

Cinnyris buettikoferi E. Hartert, 1896 Apricot-breasted Sunbird

iSumba (Lesser Sundas)

Cinnyris solaris Flame-breasted Sunbird

solaris (Temminck, 1825)¹⁶⁰ vSumbawa east to Alor and Timor (Lesser Sundas)

exquisitus E. Hartert, 1904^161,162 δvWetar (Lesser Sundas)

Cinnyris sovimanga¹⁶³ Madagascar Sunbird

aldabrensis Ridgway, 1894¹⁶⁴ αvAldabra (Aldabra Is.)

abbotti Ridgway, 1894¹⁶⁵ αiAssomption (Aldabra Is.)

buchenorum J.G. Williams, 1953 iCosmolédo Atoll (Aldabra Is.)

sovimanga (J.F. Gmelin, 1788)¹⁶⁶ δiMadagascar (except SW), Iles Glorieuses

apolis E. Hartert, 1920 iSW Madagascar

Cinnyris humbloti Humblot's Sunbird

humbloti A. Milne-Edwards & Oustalet, 1885 iGrande Comore (Comoros)

mohelicus Stresemann & Grote, 1926 vMohéli (Comoros)

Cinnyris comorensis ¹⁶⁷ W. Peters, 1864 Anjouan Sunbird

vAnjouan (Comoros) [Peters, 1864 #15563]

Cinnyris coquerellii (Hartlaub, 1860) Mayotte Sunbird

iMayotte (Comoros)

Cinnyris dussumieri ¹⁶⁸ (Hartlaub, 1861) Seychelles Sunbirdα

iSeychelles

Cinnyris notatus Long-billed Sunbird

moebii Reichenow, 1887 iGrande Comore (Comoros)

voeltzkowi Reichenow, 1905 iMohéli (Comoros)

notatus (Statius Muller, 1776) vMadagascar

Cinnyris lotenius Loten's Sunbird

hindustanicus Whistler, 1944 vS India

lotenius (Linnaeus, 1766) vSri Lanka

AETHOPYGA Cabanis, 1851 F - Certhia siparaja Raffles, 1822; type by subsequent designation (G.R. Gray, 1855, Cat. of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds, p. 19). ^169,170

Aethopyga duyvenbodei ¹⁷¹ (Schlegel, 1871) Elegant Sunbird

iSangir (Sangir Is.)

Aethopyga ignicauda Fire-tailed Sunbird

ignicauda (Hodgson, 1836)¹⁷² αiW Yunnan, Himalayan foothills east from E Himachal Pradesh, uplands of far-NE India, E Bangladesh, N Myanmar

flavescens E.C.S. Baker, 1921 iUplands of Mizoram (NE India) and W Myanmar

Aethopyga saturata Black-throated Sunbird

saturata (Hodgson, 1836) vHimalayan foothills from W Uttarakhand to Bhutan

assamensis (Horsfield, 1840)¹⁷³ αvUplands of W Yunnan, Himalayan foothills in Arunachal Pradesh, uplands of NE India, W and N Myanmar

galenae Deignan, 1948 iMountains of NW Thailand

petersi Deignan, 1948 iUplands of SW and S China to Guangdong, N continental SE Asia east from E Myanmar and NE Thailand

ochra Deignan, 1948 iBolovens plateau (S Laos), mountains of C Vietnam

johnsi Robinson & Kloss, 1919 iLangbian mountains (SC Vietnam)

cambodiana Delacour, 1948 vMountains of SE Thailand and SW Cambodia

sanguinipectus Walden, 1875 iMountains of SE Myanmar including N Tenasserim

anomala Richmond, 1900 vMountains of N Thai-Malay Pen.

wrayi Sharpe, 1887 iMountains of S Thai-Malay Pen.

Aethopyga nipalensis Green-tailed Sunbird

horsfieldi (Blyth, 1843)¹⁷⁴ αiHimalayan foothills in Uttarakhand and W Nepal

nipalensis (Hodgson, 1836)¹⁷⁵ αvHimalayan foothills east from C Nepal

koelzi Ripley, 1948 iSE Xizang, SW China to SW Sichuan, uplands of far-NE India, N Myanmar, NW Vietnam

victoriae Rippon, 1904 iUplands of Mizoram (NE India) and W Myanmar

karenensis Ticehurst, 1939 vUplands of E Myanmar

angkanensis Riley, 1929 vMountains of NW Thailand

blanci Delacour & Greenway, 1939 iMountains of NC and C Laos

ezrai Delacour, 1926 iMountains of S Vietnam

australis Robinson & Kloss, 1923 vMountains of N Thai-Malay Pen.

Aethopyga gouldiae Mrs. Gould's Sunbird

gouldiae (Vigors, 1831) iSE Xizang, Himalayan foothills east from Himachal Pradesh

isolata E.C.S. Baker, 1925 vNE India, E Bangladesh, W Myanmar

dabryii (J. Verreaux, 1867) iEC and S China, N and EC continental SE Asia >> uplands of C and SE Myanmar, W and N Thailand

annamensis Robinson & Kloss, 1919 vBolovens plateau (S Laos), Langbian mountains (SC Vietnam)

Aethopyga temminckii (S. Müller, 1843) Temminck's Sunbird

iC and S Thai-Malay Pen., Sumatra, Borneo

Aethopyga mystacalis ¹⁷⁶ (Temminck, 1822) Javan Sunbird

vJava

Aethopyga shelleyi Sharpe, 1876 Lovely Sunbird

iBalabac, Palawan and satellites (W Philippines)

Aethopyga vigorsii ¹⁷⁷ (Sykes, 1832) Vigors's Sunbird

WC India

Aethopyga siparaja¹⁷⁸ Crimson Sunbird

1 seheriae (Tickell, 1833) iHimalayan foothills from Himachal Pradesh to Sikkim, N India

1 labecula (Horsfield, 1840)^179,180 iS Yunnan, Himalayan foothills east from Bhutan, NE India, Bangladesh, Myanmar (except S and SE), NW Laos, NW Vietnam [Horsfield, 1840 #2009]

2 nicobarica Hume, 1873 vS Nicobars

1 cara Hume, 1874 vSE Myanmar including Tenasserim, N Thailand, N Thai-Malay Pen.

1 owstoni Rothschild, 1910 iS China on Naozhou I. (S Guangdong)

1 tonkinensis E. Hartert, 1917 vS China in Guangxi, NE Vietnam

1 insularis Delacour & Jabouille, 1928 vPhu Quoc I. (far-S Vietnam)

1 mangini Delacour & Jabouille, 1924 iEC and SE continental SE Asia

2 trangensis Meyer de Schauensee, 1946 vC Thai-Malay Pen.

2 siparaja (Raffles, 1822) iS Thai-Malay Pen., Sumatra, Borneo including Maratua I. and Karimata Is.

2 natunae Chasen, 1935¹⁸¹ αiN Natuna Is. (Indonesia)

2 heliogona Oberholser, 1923 vW Java

3 flavostriata (Wallace, 1865) vN Sulawesi

3 beccarii Salvadori, 1875 iSW and SE Sulawesi and satellites

Aethopyga magnifica ¹⁸² Sharpe, 1878 Magnificent Sunbird

vTablas, Sibuyan, Panay, Negros, Cebu (Philippines)

Aethopyga jefferyi ^183,184 (Ogilvie-Grant, 1894) Jeffery's Sunbird/Luzon Sunbirdδ

Uplands of N and C Luzon (Philippines)

Aethopyga pulcherrima Sharpe, 1876 Metallic-winged Sunbird

vSamar and Leyte south to Mindanao and Basilan (Philippines)

Aethopyga decorosa ¹⁸⁵ (McGregor, 1907) McGregor's Sunbird/Bohol Sunbird

vBohol (Philippines)

Aethopyga flagrans Flaming Sunbird

decolor Parkes, 1963 iN Luzon (Philippines)

flagrans Oustalet, 1876 iC and S Luzon, Catanduanes (Philippines)

Aethopyga guimarasensis¹⁸⁶ Ilongo Sunbird/Maroon-naped Sunbird

guimarasensis (Steere, 1890) vPanay, Guimaras (Philippines)

daphoenonota Parkes, 1963¹⁸⁷ vNegros (Philippines)

Aethopyga bella Handsome Sunbird

flavipectus Ogilvie-Grant, 1894 iN Luzon (Philippines)

minuta Bourns & Worcester, 1894 vC and S Luzon, Polillo, Marinduque, Mindoro (Philippines) [Bourns, 1894 #459]

rubrinota McGregor, 1905 iLubang (Philippines)

bella Tweeddale, 1877 vSamar and Leyte to Mindanao (Philippines)

bonita Bourns & Worcester, 1894 iMasbate, Ticao, Panay, Negros, Cebu (Philippines)

arolasi Bourns & Worcester, 1894 iJolo and Tawi-Tawi (Sulu Arch.)

Aethopyga eximia (Horsfield, 1821) White-flanked Sunbird

vMountains of Java

Aethopyga christinae Fork-tailed Sunbird

latouchii H.H. Slater, 1891 iC, S and SE China, C Laos, N and C Vietnam

sokolovi Stepanyan, 1985 iS Vietnam [Stepanyan, 1985 #3719]

christinae Swinhoe, 1869 iHainan

Aethopyga linaraborae Kennedy, Gonzales & H. Miranda, 1997 Lina's Sunbird

iMountains of SE Mindanao (Philippines) [Kennedy, 1997 #2200]

Aethopyga primigenia Grey-hooded Sunbird

diuatae Salomonsen, 1953 iMountains of NE Mindanao (Philippines)

primigenia (Hachisuka, 1941) vMountains of WC and E Mindanao (Philippines)

Aethopyga boltoni¹⁸⁸ Apo Sunbird

malindangensis Rand & Rabor, 1957 vMountains of NC and W Mindanao (Philippines)

boltoni Mearns, 1905 iMountains of C Mindanao (Philippines)

tibolii Kennedy, Gonzales & H. Miranda, 1997 iMountains of S Mindanao (Philippines) [Kennedy, 1997 #2200]

1 Sequence of genera largely unchanged as published details of taxon sampling has been strong only in Aethopyga and Arachnothera. The retention of multiple genera derived from the broad genus Nectarinia reflects a wish to defer a new round of changes until much more complete taxon sampling results are published.

2 Modifications made to that sequence place Arachnothera first following Hosner et al. (2013) [Hosner, 2013 #14801]. Kurochkinegramma (previously Hypogramma) is placed next on the evidence in Moyle et al. (2011) [Moyle, 2011 #13442] that this nested within Arachnothera.

3 Species sequence based on Moyle et al. (2011) [Moyle, 2011 #13442]; but see note to genus Kurochkinegramma.

4 For correct date see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].

5 These two taxa named on the same page and depicted in the same plate; precedence assigned to robusta by Chasen (1935) [Chasen, 1935 #708] who may be seen as the First Reviser.

6 For treatment as a separate species from A. longirostra see Moyle et al. (2011) [Moyle, 2011 #13442]. See also Rahman et al. (2010) [Rahman, 2010 #12467].

7 Subspecies groups derive from proposed treatment of the Palawan taxon as a species separate from A. longirostra by Moyle et al. (2011) [Moyle, 2011 #13442].

8 Unusual individual and sexual variability of size, including of bill-length, of mainland cinereicollis puts at risk the separate status of at least some of the small-island taxa of the Sunda region.

9 For recognition see van Marle & Voous (1988) [van Marle, 1988 #3920].

10 Correct original spelling. Spelling zharina in Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] was an ISS.

11 Treated as a separate species by Moyle et al. (2011) [Moyle, 2011 #13442].

12 Dated 1837 by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198] but see Dickinson & Pittie (2009) [Dickinson, 2009 #11609].

13 Treated as a synonym of musarum by Wells (2007) [Wells, 2007 #10194] extending the range of this to the Thai-Malay peninsula (instead of the nominate form).

14 Dated 1822 by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198], but see Raphael (1970) [Raphael, 1970 #3206].

15 For treatment as a separate species from A. affinis see Davison (2000) [Davison, 2000 #1136]. Perhaps monotypic as subspecies distinctions not well defined.

16 Treated as a subspecies of A. affinis by Chasen (1935) [Chasen, 1935 #708], Smythies (1957, 1960, 1999) [Smythies, 1957 #3666], [Smythies, 1960 #4438], [Smythies, 1999 #3667], but as a separate species by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198]. Separate status confirmed by findings of by Moyle et al. (2011) [Moyle, 2011 #13442].

17 Probably includes pars see Davison (2000) [Davison, 2000 #1136].

18 This name was proposed as a replacement name for Hypogramma Reichenbach, 1853, which is preoccupied by Hypogramma Guennee, 1852 (Lepidoptera). For a review of this proposal see Gregory & Dickinson (2012) [Gregory, 2012 #13835]. Use here provisional as may eventually prove better subsumed in Arachnothera.

19 Moyle et al. (2011) [Moyle, 2011 #13442] in part of their results found this embedded in Arachnothera. This requires corroboration and the genus is here maintained on morphological grounds.

20 Dates from June 1843 thus taking precedence over nuchale which dates from November 13 or later.

21 Treated in a broad genus Anthreptes by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198], but see Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719] and Mann (2002) [Mann, 2002 #2476].

22 For recommended date of publication see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].

23 The date 1788 in Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198] was erroneous.

24 Late publication evident from printer's code on back of the cover of this issue; see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].

25 Treated in a broad genus Anthreptes by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198], but see Dowsett & Dowsett-Lemaire (1993) [Dowsett, 1993 #1417] and Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

26 Subspecies groups follow treatment of axillaris as an incipient species by Hall & Moreau (1970) [Hall, 1970 #1887].

27 Acceptance of this source and authorship follows Iredale (1951) [Iredale, 1951 #10434] who dated appearance of this name in Jardine's The Naturalists' Library 1843. Sheets-Pyenson (1981) [Sheets-Pyenson, 1981 #10433] misrepresented his data and inferred 1842.

28 Dual original spellings; First Reviser probably Reichenow (1904) [Reichenow, 1904 #15387].

29 For inclusion of this taxon here see Dowsett & Dowsett-Lemaire (1993) [Dowsett, 1993 #1417]. But see Cheke & Mann (2001, 2008) [Cheke, 2001 #719], [Cheke, 2008 #12246] for treatment as a separate species.

30 Includes Rhizophorornis Wolters, 1977 [Wolters, 1977 #4260].

31 Determining the correct author of this name is problematic; Hartert appears to have read a paper by and on behalf of van Someren.

32 Subspecies groups follow Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Dickinson et al. (1991) [Dickinson, 1991 #1361]. See also Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246], who accept two species, recognising A. griseigularis as a species. Molecular studies may well detect more than three species.

33 Birds of the Anamba Is. named anambae were placed here by Chasen (1935) [Chasen, 1935 #708]. But see Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719] for acceptance of that form.

34 For recognition see Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

35 For recognition see Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

36 For recognition see Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

37 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

38 For recognition see Dickinson et al. (1991) [Dickinson, 1991 #1361].

39 For recognition see Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

40 Includes citrinus, extremus and nesophilus Eck, 1976 [Eck, 1976 #1476]; see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].

41 For correct date of publication see p. xiv in the original work.

42 Considered to form a superspecies with A. orientalis and A. neglectus by Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636]; to this A. aurantius was added by Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246].

43 Includes haussarum see White (1963) [White, 1963 #4190] and Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631]. But see Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246].

44 Dated 1831 by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198] but cited from Lesson's Illustrations de Zoologie these being dated 1833 by Zimmer (1926) [Zimmer, 1926 #4296]; however this name was published earlier, see Sherborn (1927) [Sherborn, 1927 #15555]. This was within an anonymous review of the manuscript and 'vÃ¯Â¿Â½lins' for the first 10 plate part almost certainly written by Lesson himself as advance promotion for his work.

45 Treated as monotypic by White (1963) [White, 1963 #4190] and by Irwin (2000) [Irwin, 2000 #2087], thus implicitly including neumanni.

46 Spelling aurantium in Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] was an ISS. Variable.

47 When placed in a broad genus Nectarinia this name is preoccupied and the name traylori must be used see Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198].

48 Forms a superspecies with A. rubritorques; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246].

49 Hosner et al. (2013) [Hosner, 2013 #14801] found this in a different clade from A. malaccensis so that Anthreptes is polyphyletic. However, published information is available for too few species to allow changes now.

50 Includes pujoli see Érard (1979) [Érard, 1979 #1525].

51 Cited from '1811-1812' by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198]; see Sherborn (1930) [Sherborn, 1930 #14154] for 1812.

52 Implicitly includes amadoni Eisentraut, 1973 [Eisentraut, 1973 #1496] see Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631].

53 Authors not Jardine & Selby as mistakenly cited by Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533].

54 For delay in publication see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #12713].

55 For treatment as a separate species from A. rectirostris; see Hall & Moreau (1970) [Hall, 1970 #1887].

56 Anthodiaeta is in synonymy as long as the species collaris is included here. Wolters (1977) [Wolters, 1977 #4260] by treating Anthodiaeta as a subgenus of Hedydipna acted as First Reviser in assigning precedence to the latter name.

57 Treated in a broad genus Anthreptes by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198], but see Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631] and Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

58 For recommended date of publication see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].

59 Authors not Jardine & Selby as mistakenly cited by Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533].

60 For delay in publication see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #12713].

61 Includes jubaensis see White (1963) [White, 1963 #4190].

62 For recognition see Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719] and Brown in Hockey et al. (2005) [Hockey, 2005 #12724] who had patersonae and beverleyae in synonymy.

63 Forms a superspecies with H. metallica; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246].

64 For a discussion of separation from H. platura see Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631].

65 Treated in a broad genus Nectarinia by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198], but see Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631] and Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

66 Considered to form a superspecies with A. hartlaubii and A. newtonii; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].

67 Treated in a broad genus Nectarinia by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198], but see Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631] and Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

68 Treated in a broad genus Nectarinia by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198], but see Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631] and Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

69 For recommended date of publication see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].

70 Treated in a broad genus Nectarinia by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198], but see Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631] and Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

71 For date correction see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].

72 Cited from '1811-1812' by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198]; see Sherborn (1925) [Sherborn, 1925 #15559] for 1812. Perhaps validly published by Bechstein one year earlier.

73 For date correction see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #12713].

74 Correct original spelling. Spelling marunguensis in Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] was an ISS.

75 Treated as a single broad species following Bowie et al. (2004) [Bowie, 2004 #462].

76 Iredale (1951) [Iredale, 1951 #10434] dated the appearance of this name in Jardine's The Naturalists' Library 1843. Sheets-Pyenson (1981) [Sheets-Pyenson, 1981 #10433] misrepresented his data and inferred 1842.

77 Includes intercalans Clancey, 1978 [Clancey, 1978 #890] see Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631].

78 The original spelling veroxii is accompanied by internal evidence which we believe requires correction under Art. 32.5 of the Code (I.C.Z.N., 1999) [I.C.Z.N., 1999 #2059]. The original spelling is in overwhelming use and, having been brought to our attention, that is not here disputed; however, equally frequent objections arise when a name cannot be 'corrected'; for example where the name lopesi or lopozi is examined. See also vol. 1, p. xxi of this book, and Appendix 8 to each volume (on each CD-ROM).

79 Cover of this issue of the South African Quarterly Journal dated 1832 see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].

80 Treated in a broad genus Nectarinia by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198], but see Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631] and Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

81 Includes Cirrothorax Wolters, 1977 [Wolters, 1977 #4260].

82 For recommended date of publication see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].

83 Date open to question, see Sherborn (1922) [Sherborn, 1922 #15557]. The 'Table Méthodique des années 1831-1838' provided by the publisher dates this 1833, but 'Juillet, 1834' appears on the page and this may not be an error.

84 Iredale (1951) [Iredale, 1951 #10434] dated appearance of this name in Jardine's The Naturalists' Library 1843. Sheets-Pyenson (1981) [Sheets-Pyenson, 1981 #10433] misrepresented his data and inferred 1842.

85 Cited from '1811-1812' by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198]; see Sherborn (1926) [Sherborn, 1926 #15560] for 1812. Perhaps validly published by Bechstein one year earlier.

86 Treated as a synonym of kirkii by Cheke & Mann (2001, 2008) [Cheke, 2001 #719], [Cheke, 2008 #12246].

87 Includes doggetti, see White (1963) [White, 1963 #4190].

88 Includes adjuncta Clancey, 1975 [Clancey, 1975 #876], see Tree in Hockey et al. (2005) [Hockey, 2005 #12724].

89 Cited from '1811-1812' by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198]; see Sherborn (1923) [Sherborn, 1923 #15558] for 1812.

90 Includes cruentata; see Opinion 2187 [I.C.Z.N., 2007] [I.C.Z.N., 2007 #10374].

91 For recognition see Irwin (1981) [Irwin, 1981 #2080]. But see Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

92 Treated as monotypic by Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631], thus includes siccata Clancey, 1986 [Clancey, 1986 #933]. But see Cheke & Mann (2001, 2008) [Cheke, 2001 #719], [Cheke, 2008 #12246].

93 Treated in a broad genus Nectarinia by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198], but see Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631] and Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

94 Includes Chalcostetha; Steinheimer (2008) [Steinheimer, 2008 #10903] acting as First Reviser assigned precedence to Leptocoma over Chalcostetha.

95 For recommended date of publication see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].

96 Subspecies groups follow Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719]; Rasmussen & Anderton (2005) [Rasmussen, 2005 #4749] treated them as separate species.

97 N. s. marinduquensis duPont, 1971 [duPont, 1971 #1443] is now thought to have been based on a specimen of Aethopyga magnifica, see Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

98 Includes phayrei Blyth, 1843 [Blyth, 1843 #355] recognised in Smythies, 1953 [Smythies, 1953 #3665] but not in Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198].

99 The name thereseae applies to birds that are intergradient between henkei and sperata; see Dickinson et al. (1991) [Dickinson, 1991 #1361].

100 For recognition see Dickinson et al. (1991) [Dickinson, 1991 #1361].

101 Includes davaoensis applies to birds that are intergradient between juliae and trochilus, see Dickinson et al. (1991) [Dickinson, 1991 #1361].

102 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

103 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

104 Range restricted to Waigeo, following Mees (1965) [Mees, 1965 #2609]; but see Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246].

105 Includes sericea Lesson, 1827 shown by Hachisuka (1952) [Hachisuka, 1952 #1861] to be a junior synonym in Cinnyris of sericea Bechstein, 1811 (a junior synonym of Nectarinia coccinigastra). Following Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198] both were treated in the genus Nectarinia and the substitute name aspasia, put forward by Hachisuka, should have been used.

106 Since Lesson's name was replaced in 1952 it is permanently available, see Art. 57.2. Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] mistakenly followed Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198. Also includes vicina see Mees (1965) [Mees, 1965 #2609]; but see Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246].

107 Correct original spelling restored by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198].

108 May form a superspecies with N. bocagii and N. purpureiventris; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246].

109 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

110 Includes aeneigularis see White (1963) [White, 1963 #4190].

111 Includes major see White (1963) [White, 1963 #4190].

112 The name salvadorii was found preoccupied and replaced prior to 1961 and should not have been restored when preoccupation no longer applied. See Art. 59.3 of the Code (I.C.Z.N., 1999) [I.C.Z.N., 1999 #2059]; the name is unavailable but also a synonym.

113 Reprint cover dated May 10, 1944.

114 Treated in a broad genus Nectarinia by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198]; but see Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631] and Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

115 Treated in a broad genus Nectarinia by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198]; but see Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631] and Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

116 Includes three generic names proposed by Wolters (1977) [Wolters, 1977 #4260] namely Melanocinnyris, Chrysocinnyris and Haplocinnyris.

117 For date correction see Browning & Monroe (1991) [Browning, 1991 #542].

118 Gender addressed by David & Gosselin (2002) [David, 2002 #1125], multiple name changes occur.

119 Includes insularis and luehderi see White (1963) [White, 1963 #4190]; the latter was misspelled luhderi in Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533].

120 Includes bineschensis see Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631]. But see Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246].

121 Includes amadoni; see Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

122 For treatment as a separate species from C. chalybeus, see Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631].

123 Includes gertrudis see Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

124 Forms a superspecies with C. manoensis; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246].

125 Includes albilateralis, see Smith & Tree in Hockey et al. (2005) [Hockey, 2005 #12724].

126 Includes saliens, see Smith in Hockey et al. (2005) [Hockey, 2005 #12724]. But see Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246].

127 For treatment as a separate species from C. afer; see Clancey & Irwin (1978) [Clancey, 1978 #15631].

128 Includes schubotzi, see Chapin (1954) [Chapin, 1954 #15731]. But see Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

129 For treatment at species rank see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Cheke & Mann (2001, 2008) [Cheke, 2001 #719], [Cheke, 2008 #12246].

130 For treatment as a separate species from C. afer; see Clancey & Irwin (1978) [Clancey, 1978 #15631].

131 Includes erikssoni Trimen, 1882 [Trimen, 1882 #3878] see Brooke (1993) [Brooke, 1993 #513].

132 For date correction see Crawford-Cabral & Mesquitela (1989) [Crawford-Cabral, 1989 #15562].

133 Includes kikuyensis as used by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198], who placed this is a broad genus Nectarinia where Cinnyris reichenowi Sharpe, 1891 was preoccupied by Drepanorhynchus reichenowi Fischer, 1884.

134 Includes kivuensis, see Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631].

135 Until recently seen as conspecific with C. usambaricus and C. fuelleborni; best now seen as allospecies.

136 For treatment of this and C. fuelleborni as separate from C. mediocris see Bowie et al. (2004) [Bowie, 2004 #463].

137 For molecular validation of treatment as a separate species from C. loveridgei; see Bowie et al. (2004) [Bowie, 2004 #463].

138 Includes aegra and lucidipectus see White (1963) [White, 1963 #4190].

139 For date correction see The Ibis, 1871, page 432.

140 Includes lucens Clancey, 1973 [Clancey, 1973 #865], see Bowie in Hockey et al. (2005) [Hockey, 2005 #12724].

141 Forms a superspecies with C. congensis; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246].

142 Cited from '1811-1812' by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198]; see Sherborn (1924) [Sherborn, 1924 #15561] for 1812.

143 Includes strophium, see Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

144 This and C. pembae were treated as separate species by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198] and this treatment has been broadly adopted, see Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631]. Now best seen as allospecies.

145 For correct spelling see David & Gosselin (2002) [David, 2002 #1124].

146 For reasons to revert to 1801 and not use 1802 see Schodde et al. (2010) [Schodde, 2010 #12422].

147 For correct date see Dickinson et al. (2006) [Dickinson, 2006 #9496].

148 Original spelling verified. Includes anderssoni see Fry (2000) [Fry, 2000 #1631].

149 Considered to form a superspecies with C. oustaleti; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246].

150 For clarification of authorship see Dickinson (2006) [Dickinson, 2006 #9496].

151 Spelling fazoglensis in Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198] was an ISS.

152 For date correction see van den Elzen et al. (2011) [van den Elzen, 2011 #12758].

153 Includes blicki see Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246].

154 Cited from '1811-1812' by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198]; see Sherborn (1925) [Sherborn, 1925 #15559] for 1812.

155 Two basic subspecies groups used follow Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246]; the third comes from Schodde & Mason (1999) [Schodde, 1999 #3524].

156 Extra subspecies blanfordi recognised by Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246]; but not by Rasmussen & Anderton (2012) [Rasmussen, 2012 #15479].

157 Includes tamdaoensis Vo Quy, 1981 [Vo Quy, 1981 #4032] see Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246].

158 Includes meyeri and saleyerensis; see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].

159 For correct spelling see David & Gosselin (2002) [David, 2002 #1124].

160 Includes degener; see White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194].

161 White in White & Bruce (1986) [White, 1986 #4194] considered exquisitus better treated as a synonym, Bruce disagreed. It is recognised by Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

162 Original spelling exquisita incorrectly retained in Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533]; correction for gender needed.

163 Forms a superspecies with C. humbloti and C. comorensis; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246]; C. coquerellii was also included by Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].

164 For correct date of publication see Anon. (1947) [Anon., 1947 #14610].

165 For correct date of publication see Anon. (1947) [Anon., 1947 #14610].

166 Correct original spelling. Spelling souimanga in Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198] and in Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] was an ISS.

167 Louette et al. (2004) [Louette, 2004 #15732] suggested that this should be seen as related to C. sovimanga.

168 Date of delayed publication, February 1861, appears on the cover of the journal issue.

169 Species sequence based on Hosner et al. (2013) [Hosner, 2013 #14801]; with unscreened species interposed.

170 For recommended date of publication see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].

171 Hosner et al. (2013) [Hosner, 2013 #14801] found this outside the core clade for Aethopyga. The genus-group name Duyvena Mathews, 1935, is available for such a monotypic genus.

172 Date 1837 used by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198], but see Dickinson & Pittie (2009) [Dickinson, 2009 #11609].

173 Introduced as a nomen nudum in 1837 by McClelland. Dated 1839 by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198] and attributed to McClelland but see Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #1384].

174 Dated 1844-45 by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198] following Baker (1930) [Baker, 1930 #163], but Mayr (1979) [Mayr, 1979 #2567] gave 1843 for taxa described in the same part of this article and Dickinson & Pittie (2006) [Dickinson, 2006 #9467] found no basis to change this.

175 Dated 1837 by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198], but see Dickinson & Pittie (2009) [Dickinson, 2009 #11609].

176 Forms a superspecies with A. temminckii; see Cheke & Mann (2008) [Cheke, 2008 #12246]; treated as conspecific by Rand (1967) [Rand, 1967 #3198] and Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636], but see Mees (1986) [Mees, 1986 #2631].

177 For treatment as a species separate from A. siparaja see Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

178 Subspecies groups tentative and drawn from Hosner et al. (2013) [Hosner, 2013 #14801].

179 For recognition see Ripley (1961; 1982) [Ripley, 1961 #3310], [Ripley, 1982 #3332] who mentioned intergradation with seheriae, for which reason Deignan (1963) [Deignan, 1963 #1245] and others lumped the two taxa.

180 Implicitly includes terglanei er-Rashid, 1966 [er-Rashid, 1966 #1502]; see Rasmussen & Anderton (2012) [Rasmussen, 2012 #15479].

181 Date of issue determined from printer's code on back cover of issue.

182 For treatment as a separate species from A. siparaja; see Hosner et al. (2013) [Hosner, 2013 #14801].

183 For treatment as a separate species from A. pulcherrima see Hosner et al. (2013) [Hosner, 2013 #14801].

184 Correct original spelling. Spelling jeffreyi in Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] was an ISS.

185 For treatment as a separate species from A. pulcherrima see Hosner et al. (2013) [Hosner, 2013 #14801].

186 For treatment as a separate species from A. flagrans see Hosner et al. (2013) [Hosner, 2013 #14801].

187 For recognition see Cheke & Mann (2001) [Cheke, 2001 #719].

188 For indications that subspecies tiboli may deserve treatment as a separate species see Hosner et al. (2013) [Hosner, 2013 #14801].