H&M4 Checklist family by family - The Trust for Avian Systematics

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PARULIDAE - New World Wood Warblers¹ (18:108)

SEIURUS Swainson, 1827 M - Turdus aurocapillus A. Wilson, 1812; type by subsequent designation (Swainson, 1827, Zool. Journ., 3, 10 (1827), p. 171). = Motacilla aurocapilla Linnaeus, 1766

Seiurus aurocapilla Ovenbird

aurocapilla (Linnaeus, 1766) iC and SE Canada (NE British Columbia to Nova Scotia), E USA (S to N Georgia) >> south to Venezuela

cinereus A.H. Miller, 1942 vE slope of Rocky Mts. and Great Plains of S Canada (S Alberta) to S USA (Colorado) >> Central America

furvior Batchelder, 1918 vE Canada (Newfoundland) >> Bahamas, Cuba, E Central America

HELMITHEROS Rafinesque, 1819 N - Helmitheros migratorius Rafinesque, 1819; type by original designation = Motacilla vermivora J.F. Gmelin, 1789

Helmitheros vermivorum (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) Worm-eating Warbler

vE USA excluding Florida Pen. >> Central America, West Indies

PARKESIA Sangster, 2008 F - Motacilla noveboracensis J.F. Gmelin, 1789; type by original designation²

Parkesia motacilla ³ (Vieillot, 1809) Louisiana Waterthrush

E USA (except Florida) west to Minnesota and Texas >> West Indies, Central America, N Colombia

Parkesia noveboracensis ⁴ (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) Northern Waterthrush

vCanada, N USA (south to Oregon, N Wyoming, n West Virginia) >> south to Colombia to Guyana

VERMIVORA Swainson, 1827 F - Vermivora solitaria Swainson, 1827; type by monotypy = Sylvia solitaria A. Wilson, 1810 = Certhia pinus Linnaeus, 1766 ⁵

Vermivora bachmanii (Audubon, 1833) Bachman's Warbler

iC and SE USA >> Cuba

Vermivora chrysoptera (Linnaeus, 1766) Golden-winged Warbler

vE USA (Minnesota to Pennsylvania, south to N Georgia) >> Central America

Vermivora cyanoptera ⁶ Olson & Reveal, 2009 Blue-winged Warbler

vE USA (Wisconsin to New York, south to West Virginia) >> Central America [Olson, 2009 #12034]

MNIOTILTA Vieillot, 1816 F - Figuier varié Buffon; type by monotypy = Motacilla varia Linnaeus, 1766

Mniotilta varia (Linnaeus, 1766) Black-and-white Warbler

vC and S Canada, E USA (south to Gulf states) >> Central America, West Indies, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, N Peru

PROTONOTARIA S.F. Baird, 1858 F - Motacilla protonotarius J.F. Gmelin, 1789; type by monotypy and tautonymy = Motacilla citrea Boddaert, 1783

Protonotaria citrea (Boddaert, 1783) Prothonotary Warbler

vE USA (south to W Texas to N and C Florida) >> Central America, West Indies, N South America

LIMNOTHLYPIS Stone, 1914 F - Sylvia swainsonii Audubon, 1834; type by original designation

Limnothlypis swainsonii (Audubon, 1834) Swainson's Warbler

iSE USA (south from S Missouri to Virginia, excl. Florida Pen.) >> E Mexico, West Indies

OREOTHLYPIS Ridgway, 1884 F - Compsothlypis gutturalis Cabanis, 1860; type by original designation⁷

Oreothlypis superciliosa Crescent-chested Warbler

sodalis (R.T. Moore, 1941)⁸ iNW Mexico (SE Sonora, S Chihuahua to N Jalisco)

mexicana (Bonaparte, 1850)⁹ vE Mexico (Nuevo León to C Veracruz, west through Michoacán to Jalisco)

palliata (van Rossem, 1939) vSW Mexico (S Jalisco to Guerrero)

superciliosa (Hartlaub, 1844) vS Mexico (Chiapas) to El Salvador, W Honduras

parva (W. deW. Miller & Griscom, 1925) vE Honduras, NW Nicaragua

Oreothlypis gutturalis ¹⁰ (Cabanis, 1861) Flame-throated Warblerα

vCosta Rica, W Panama

LEIOTHLYPIS Sangster, 2008 F - Sylvia peregrina A. Wilson, 1811; type by original designation¹¹

Leiothlypis peregrina (A. Wilson, 1811) Tennessee Warbler

vCanada, NE USA (south to New England) >> Central America, NW Colombia

Leiothlypis celata Orange-crowned Warbler

celata (Say, 1822)¹² αvAlaska, N and NW Canada (west to Québec) >> S USA, Mexico, Guatemala

lutescens (Ridgway, 1872) iW Canada (N British Columbia) south in W USA to California >> SW USA, W Mexico

orestera (Oberholser, 1905) vW Canada (British Columbia to SE Saskatchewan), W USA (south to Arizona, New Mexico) >> C Mexico

sordida (C.H. Townsend, 1890)¹³ αvS USA (S California), NW Mexico (N Baja California and offshore islands)

Leiothlypis crissalis (Salvin & Godman, 1889) Colima Warbler

vS USA (SW Texas) NE Mexico (Coahuila to San Luis Potosí) >> Pacific slope of W Mexico (to Guerrero)

Leiothlypis luciae (J.G. Cooper, 1861) Lucy's Warbler

SW USA (S Nevada, S Utah to S California, W Texas), N Mexico (N Chihuahua) >> W Mexico (to Guerrero)

Leiothlypis ruficapilla¹⁴ Nashville Warbler

ridgwayi (van Rossem, 1929) iSW Canada (S British Columbia), W USA (south to C California) >> W Mexico

ruficapilla (A. Wilson, 1811) iS Canada (Saskatchewan to S Newfoundland), E USA (New England to West Virginia) >> Mexico, Guatemala

Leiothlypis virginiae (S.F. Baird, 1860) Virginia's Warbler

SW USA (S Idaho to Wyoming south to Arizona to SE Texas) >> W Mexico (N Jalisco to S Oaxaca)

LEUCOPEZA P.L. Sclater, 1876 F - Leucopeza semperi P.L. Sclater, 1876; type by monotypy ^15,16

Leucopeza semperi ¹⁷ P.L. Sclater, 1876 Semper's Warblerα

iSt. Lucia (Lesser Antilles)

OPORORNIS S.F. Baird, 1858 M - Sylvia agilis A. Wilson, 1812; type by original designation ¹⁸

Oporornis agilis (A. Wilson, 1812) Connecticut Warbler

vS Canada (E British Columbia to SW Québec), N USA (N Minnesota to N Michigan) >> south to N Bolivia

GEOTHLYPIS Cabanis, 1847 F - Trichas personatus Swainson, 1827; type by monotypy = Turdus trichas Linnaeus, 1766

Geothlypis poliocephala Gray-crowned Yellowthroat

poliocephala S.F. Baird, 1865 vW Mexico (Pacific slope from N Sinaloa to W Oaxaca)

ralphi Ridgway, 1894 iNW Mexico (Gulf slope from Tamaulipas to San Luis Potosí)

palpebralis Ridgway, 1887 vSE Mexico (Atlantic slope from Veracruz and Yucatan Pen.) to N Costa Rica

caninucha Ridgway, 1872 iSW Mexico (Pacific slope of E Oaxaca) to S Honduras

icterotis Ridgway, 1889 vPacific slope from W Nicaragua to W Costa Rica

ridgwayi (Griscom, 1930) iSW Costa Rica to W Panama (Chiriquí)

Geothlypis aequinoctialis^19,20 Masked Yellowthroat

1 chiriquensis Salvin, 1872²¹ vW Panama (Chiriquí)

2 aequinoctialis (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) vNE Colombia (Magdalena on E slope of E Andes to Bogotá), Venezuela, the Guianas, N Brazil (Pará); Trinidad

3 auricularis Salvin, 1883²² αvPacific slope of W Ecuador, NW Peru

2 peruviana Taczanowski, 1884 vNW Peru (Marañón valley of Cajamarca and La Libertad)

2 velata (Vieillot, 1809)²³ vSE Peru (Cuzco, Puno) to C Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás) to NE Argentina (Córdoba) and Uruguay

Geothlypis tolmiei²⁴ MacGillivray's Warbler

tolmiei (J.K. Townsend, 1839) iSE Alaska, SW Canada (S Yukon), coastal W USA (to C California) >> Central America

monticola (A.R. Phillips, 1947) iSW Canada (E British Columbia, SW Saskatchewan), W USA (Rocky Mts. to New Mexico) >> Mexico, Guatemala

Geothlypis philadelphia ²⁵ (A. Wilson, 1810) Mourning Warbler

S Canada, NE USA (Wisconsin to New England, south to West Virginia) >> Central America, NW South America

Geothlypis formosa ²⁶ (A. Wilson, 1811) Kentucky Warbler

vE USA (east of S Wisconsin to E Texas) >> E Mexico, E Central America, Colombia, Venezuela

Geothlypis semiflava Olive-crowned Yellowthroat

1 bairdi Ridgway, 1884²⁷ iCaribbean slope of E Honduras to NW Panama

2 semiflava P.L. Sclater, 1860²⁸ αvPacific slope of SW Colombia (Valle to Nariño), W Ecuador (south to El Oro)

Geothlypis speciosa Black-polled Yellowthroat

speciosa P.L. Sclater, 1859 vC Mexico (México)

limnatis Dickerman, 1970 iC Mexico (S Guanajuato, N Michoacán) [Dickerman, 1970 #1326]

Geothlypis beldingi Belding's Yellowthroat

goldmani Oberholser, 1917 iNW Mexico (C Baja California)

beldingi Ridgway, 1882²⁹ αiNW Mexico (S Baja California)

Geothlypis rostrata Bahama Yellowthroat

tanneri Ridgway, 1886 iGrand Bahama, Great Abaco (Bahamas)

exigua Ridgway, 1902³⁰ vAndros (Bahamas) [Ridgway, 1902 #14922]

rostrata H. Bryant, 1867 vNew Providence (Bahamas)

coryi Ridgway, 1886 iEleuthera, Cat I. (Bahamas)

Geothlypis flavovelata Ridgway, 1896 Altamira Yellowthroat

vE Mexico (coast of C and S Tamaulipas)

Geothlypis trichas^31,32 Common Yellowthroat

trichas (Linnaeus, 1766) iSE Canada (east of WC Ontario), USA (to E Texas, SE Virginia) >> south to Costa Rica

typhicola T.D. Burleigh, 1934 iSE USA (SE Virginia to SE Alabama, N Georgia) >> Gulf Coast to E Mexico (Veracruz)

ignota Chapman, 1890 vCoastal SE USA (SE Louisiana to Florida)

insperata Van Tyne, 1933 vS Texas (lower Rio Grande valley)

campicola Behle & Aldrich, 1947 iS Canada (S Yukon to W Ontario), WC USA (to Idaho and Nebraska) >> N Mexico

arizela Oberholser, 1899 vCoast of SE Alaska, W Canada, W USA (to C California) >> NW Mexico (Baja California, N Sonora)

occidentalis Brewster, 1883 vSW USA (E Oregon to Kansas, south to E California to NW Texas) >> Mexico, Guatemala

sinuosa G.B. Grinnell, 1901 vN California (San Francisco Bay)

scirpicola G.B. Grinnell, 1901 iSW USA (S California), NW Mexico (N Baja California, N Sonora)

chryseola van Rossem, 1930 vSW USA (S Arizona to W Texas), N Mexico (Sonora, Chihuahua, Durango)

modesta Nelson, 1900 vW Mexico (coast from C Sonora to Colima)

melanops S.F. Baird, 1865 iC Mexico (Jalisco to Oaxaca and Veracruz)

chapalensis Nelson, 1903³³ vW Mexico (E Jalisco)

Geothlypis nelsoni Hooded Yellowthroat

nelsoni Richmond, 1900³⁴ iC Mexico (Sierra Madre Oriental from SE Coahuila to WC Veracruz)

karlenae R.T. Moore, 1946 iSW Mexico (highlands from Distrito Federal to Oaxaca)

CATHAROPEZA P.L. Sclater, 1880 F - Leucopeza bishopi Lawrence, 1878; type by original designation ³⁵

Catharopeza bishopi (Lawrence, 1878) Whistling Warbler

iSt. Vincent (Lesser Antilles)

SETOPHAGA Swainson, 1827 F - Motacilla ruticilla Linnaeus, 1758; type by subsequent designation (Swainson, 1827, Zool. Journ., 3, 11 (1827), p. 360). ³⁶

Setophaga plumbea ³⁷ (Lawrence, 1877) Plumbeous Warblerα

vGuadeloupe (Lesser Antilles)

Setophaga angelae (Kepler & Parkes, 1972) Elfin Woods Warbler

Puerto Rico [Kepler, 1972 #2208]

Setophaga pharetra ³⁸ (Gosse, 1847) Arrowhead Warbler

Jamaica

Setophaga citrina ³⁹ (Boddaert, 1783) Hooded Warbler

vE USA (from Great Lakes to New England, south to Gulf Coast, N Florida) >> Mexico, Central America

Setophaga ruticilla (Linnaeus, 1758) American Redstart

S Canada (east of NW British Columbia), C and E USA >> Central America, West Indies, N South America

Setophaga kirtlandii (S.F. Baird, 1852) Kirtland's Warbler

N USA (NC Michigan) >> Bahamas, Turks and Caicos Is.

Setophaga tigrina (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) Cape May Warbler

vS Canada (east of SW Northwest Territories), NE USA (E Minnesota to New England) >> West Indies

Setophaga cerulea (A. Wilson, 1810) Cerulean Warbler

vSE Canada (SE Ontario), E USA (south to N Alabama, Virginia) >> Colombia to S Peru

Setophaga americana ^40,41 (Linnaeus, 1758) Northern Parula

vSE Canada, E USA (Minnesota, New England to Gulf Coast) >> Central America, West Indies

Setophaga pitiayumi⁴² Tropical Parula

1 graysoni (Ridgway, 1887) iIsla Socorro (off W Mexico)

2 insularis (Lawrence, 1871)⁴³ αvIslas Marías (off W Mexico)

2 pulchra (Brewster, 1889) vNW Mexico (S Sonora, Chihuahua to Oaxaca)

2 nigrilora (Coues, 1878) iS USA (S Texas), NE Mexico (Coahuila to E San Luis Potosí)

2 inornata (S.F. Baird, 1864)⁴⁴ vS Mexico (S Veracruz, Chiapas) to Panama, NW Colombia

2 cirrha (Wetmore, 1957) vIsla de Coiba (off SW Panama)

2 alarum (Chapman, 1924) iE Ecuador, N Peru (Loreto)

2 pacifica (von Berlepsch & Taczanowski, 1884)^45,46 αvPacific slope of Andes from SW Colombia (Nariño) to W Bolivia (La Paz, Cochabamba)

2 pitiayumi (Vieillot, 1817)⁴⁷ iS Venezuela, the Guianas; C and E Brazil (Rondônia to Pernambuco) to E Bolivia, N and NE Argentina

Setophaga magnolia ⁴⁸ (A. Wilson, 1811) Magnolia Warbler

S Canada (east of C Northwest Territories), E USA (to West Virginia) >> S Mexico to Panama, Caribbean

Setophaga castanea (A. Wilson, 1810) Bay-breasted Warbler

vS Canada (south of SW Northwest Territories), NE USA (from NE Minnesota to Maine) >> Panama, Colombia, NW Venezuela

Setophaga fusca (Statius Muller, 1776) Blackburnian Warbler

vS Canada (east of C Saskatchewan), E USA (to N Georgia) >> Central America, Colombia, Venezuela to Peru

Setophaga petechia^49,50 Yellow Warbler

1 rubiginosa (Pallas, 1811) vS Alaska, SW Canada (British Columbia, incl. Vancouver I) >> Mexico, Central America

1 banksi (Browning, 1994) iC Alaska >> Central America, Colombia [Browning, 1994 #548]

1 parkesi (Browning, 1994) iN Alaska, NW Canada (to N Manitoba) >> Central America, Colombia [Browning, 1994 #548]

1 amnicola (Batchelder, 1918) iC Canada (NW British Columbia to Newfoundland) >> Mexico, Central America, Colombia

1 aestiva (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)^51,52 vEast of Rocky Mts. in S Canada, C USA (south to Oklahoma and North Carolina) >> to Colombia

1 morcomi (Coale, 1887) iSW Canada, W USA (south to NE California and N Texas) >> Central America, Colombia

1 brewsteri (G.B. Grinnell, 1903)⁵³ iCoastal W USA (from Washington to California), NW Mexico (NW Baja California) >> Central America

1 sonorana (Brewster, 1888)⁵⁴ vSW USA (S Arizona, SW New Mexico), W Mexico (NE Baja California, south to Nayarit)

1 dugesi (Coale, 1887) iC Mexico (San Luis Potosí to Guerrero and Puebla)

2 rufivertex (Ridgway, 1885) iIsla de Cozumel, off Yucatan Pen.

2 flavida (Cory, 1887) vIsla de San Andrés, off E Nicaragua

2 armouri (Greenway, 1933) iIsla de Providencia, off E Nicaragua

2 flaviceps (Chapman, 1892)⁵⁵ iBahamas [Chapman, 1892 #11449]

2 gundlachi (S.F. Baird, 1865) iSE USA (Florida Keys), Cuba, Isla de la Juventud

2 chlora (Browning, 1994) vCayos Siete Hermanos (off Hispaniola) [Browning, 1994 #548]

2 solaris (Wetmore, 1929)⁵⁶ vIle de la Gonâve, off W Hispaniola

2 albicollis (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) vHispaniola, incl. Ile de la Tortue and Ile-à-Vache

2 eoa (Gosse, 1847) vCayman Is., Jamaica

2 bartholemica (Sundevall, 1869)^57,58 αvPuerto Rico, Virgin Is., N Lesser Antilles (Anguilla to Montserrat)

2 melanoptera (Lawrence, 1879) vGuadeloupe to Dominica (Lesser Antilles)

2 ruficapilla (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) iMartinique (Lesser Antilles)

2 babad (J. Bond, 1927) iSt. Lucia (Lesser Antilles)

2 petechia (Linnaeus, 1766) iBarbados (Lesser Antilles)

2 alsiosa (J.L. Peters, 1926) vThe Grenadines (Lesser Antilles)

2 rufopileata (Ridgway, 1884)⁵⁹ αvAruba, Curaçao, Bonaire, islands off N Venezuela (Isla Blanquilla, Isla de Margarita, Islas Los Testigos)

2 obscura (Cory, 1909) vIslas Las Aves, Islas Los Roques, Isla Orchila (off N Venezuela)

2 aurifrons (W.H. Phelps & W.H. Phelps, Jr., 1950) iCoastal NE Venezuela (Anzoátegui, Sucre) and nearby offshore islands

3 oraria (Parkes & Dickerman, 1967) vE Mexico (Caribbean coast of S Tamaulipas)

3 bryanti (Ridgway, 1873) iCaribbean coast of SE Mexico (Campeche) to S Nicaragua

3 erithachorides (S.F. Baird, 1858)^60,61 δiCaribbean coast of Costa Rica to N Colombia

3 chrysendeta (Wetmore, 1946) vNE Colombia (Guajira Pen.), NW Venezuela (Zulia)

3 paraguanae (W.H. Phelps, Sr. & Gilliard, 1941) iNW Venezuela (Falcón)

3 cienagae (J.T. Zimmer & W.H. Phelps, Sr., 1944) iNW Venezuela (Caribbean coast of Carabobo, Aragua; islands off Falcón)

3 castaneiceps (Ridgway, 1885)⁶² αiNW Mexico (both coasts of S Baja California)

3 rhizophorae (van Rossem, 1935) iNW Mexico (Pacific coast of Sonora, Sinaloa)

3 phillipsi (Browning, 1994) iPacific coast of W Mexico (Sinaloa) to Honduras [Browning, 1994 #548]

3 xanthotera (Todd, 1924) vPacific coast of Nicaragua and Costa Rica

3 aithocorys (Olson, 1980) iNW Panama (Pacific coast from Chiriquí to Coclé), Isla de Coiba [Olson, 1980 #2839]

3 iguanae (Olson, 1980) iIsla Iguana, off W Panama [Olson, 1980 #2839]

3 aequatorialis (Sundevall, 1869)⁶³ αvSW Panama (Pacific coast of Panamá), Arch. De las Perlas

3 jubaris (Olson, 1980) vSE Panama (Pacific coast of Darién), coastal SW Colombia (south to Valle) [Olson, 1980 #2839]

3 peruviana (Sundevall, 1869)⁶⁴ αvPacific coast from SW Colombia (Nariño) to NW Peru (Piura)

3 aureola (Gould, 1839) vIsla de Coco (off Costa Rica); Galapagos Is.

Setophaga pensylvanica (Linnaeus, 1766) Chestnut-sided Warbler

vS Canada (Saskatchewan to Nova Scotia), E USA (Minnesota to New England to N Georgia) >> Central America

Setophaga striata (J.R. Forster, 1772) Blackpoll Warbler

vAlaska, Canada, NE USA (south to New York) >> NW South America (south to W Amazonia)

Setophaga caerulescens Black-throated Blue Warbler

caerulescens (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) iS Canada (east of S Ontario), NE USA (Minnesota to New England) >> Bahamas, Greater Antilles

cairnsi (Coues, 1897)⁶⁵ iE USA (Appalachian Mts. of SW Pennsylvania to N Georgia) >> Caribbean

Setophaga palmarum Palm Warbler

palmarum (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) iC and SC Canada (Northwest Territories to Ontario) >> Florida, Caribbean, E coast of Central America

hypochrysea (Ridgway, 1876) vSE Canada (east of E Ontario), NE USA (N Minnesota to Maine) >> S USA (Gulf Coast)

Setophaga pityophila ⁶⁶ (Gundlach, 1855) Olive-capped Warblerα

vN Bahamas, W and E Cuba

Setophaga pinus Pine Warbler

pinus (Linnaeus, 1766)⁶⁷ iSE Canada (from SE Manitoba to New Brunswick), E USA (east from Minnesota to E Texas) >> south to S Florida

florida (Maynard, 1906) vS Florida

achrustera (Bangs, 1900) vNW Bahamas

chrysoleuca (Griscom, 1923) vHispaniola

Setophaga coronata^68,69 Yellow-rumped Warbler/Myrtle Warbler

1 hooveri (McGregor, 1899)⁷⁰ Alaska, NW Canada (Yukon to N British Columbia) >> W USA and Central America

1 coronata (Linnaeus, 1766) vS Canada (east from NC Alberta), NE USA (Minnesota to New England) >> to Central America, Caribbean

2 auduboni (J.K. Townsend, 1837) iSW Canada, W USA (mountains of Montana to W Texas), NW Mexico (N Baja California) >> SW USA, Mexico

3 nigrifrons (Brewster, 1889) iNC Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango)

4 goldmani (Nelson, 1897) iW Guatemala

Setophaga dominica ^71,72 (Linnaeus, 1766) Yellow-throated Warbler

vE USA (E Iowa to Virginia, south to Gulf Coast, Florida) >> SE USA, Middle America, Bahamas, Greater Antilles

Setophaga flavescens ⁷³ (Todd, 1909) Bahama Warbler

Grand Bahama, Great Abaco (Bahamas)

Setophaga vitellina Vitelline Warbler

crawfordi (Nicoll, 1904) iLittle Cayman, Cayman Brac (Cayman Is.)

vitellina (Cory, 1886) vGrand Cayman (Cayman Is.)

nelsoni (Bangs, 1919) iSwan Is., off N Honduras

Setophaga discolor⁷⁴ Prairie Warbler

discolor (Vieillot, 1809)⁷⁵ iSE Canada (SE Ontario), E USA (east from SE Iowa to E Texas) >> Florida and West Indies

paludicola (A.H. Howell, 1930) iCoastal S Florida

Setophaga adelaidae (S.F. Baird, 1865) Adelaide's Warbler

Puerto Rico and Vieques I.

Setophaga subita ⁷⁶ (Riley, 1904) Barbuda Warbler

vBarbuda (Lesser Antilles)

Setophaga delicata ⁷⁷ (Ridgway, 1883) St. Lucia Warbler

vSt. Lucia (Lesser Antilles)

Setophaga graciae Grace's Warbler

graciae (S.F. Baird, 1865) iSW USA, NW Mexico >> W and C Mexico

yaegeri (A.R. Phillips & Webster, 1961) iW Mexico (E slope of Sierra Madre Occidental, from S Sinaloa to W Jalisco) >> to Michoacán

remota (Griscom, 1935) vHighlands from S Mexico (Michoacán) to W Nicaragua

decora (Ridgway, 1873) vBelize, E Honduras, Nicaragua

Setophaga nigrescens ⁷⁸ (J.K. Townsend, 1837) Black-throated Gray Warbler

W USA (to California, New Mexico), NW Mexico (N Baja California) >> W Mexico (Sonora to Oaxaca)

Setophaga townsendi (J.K. Townsend, 1837) Townsend's Warbler

S Alaska, SW Canada, W USA (Washington, Oregon, Idaho) >> Mexico to Nicaragua

Setophaga occidentalis (J.K. Townsend, 1837) Hermit Warbler

vCoastal W USA (S Washington to W California and Sierra Nevada) >> Mexico to Nicaragua

Setophaga chrysoparia ⁷⁹ (P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1860) Golden-cheeked Warbler

vS USA (C Texas) >> S Mexico (Chiapas) to NW Nicaragua

Setophaga virens ^80,81 (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) Black-throated Green Warbler

S Canada, E USA (south to Georgia; C Arkansas) >> S Mexico, Central America, West Indies

MYIOTHLYPIS Cabanis, 1850 F - Trichas nigrocristatus Lafresnaye, 1840; type by monotypy⁸²

Myiothlypis luteoviridis⁸³ Citrine Warbler

1 luteoviridis (Bonaparte, 1845) vE Andes from SW Venezuela (Mérida, Táchira) to N Peru (Cajamarca)

1 quindiana (Meyer de Schauensee, 1946) vC Andes of Colombia (Caldas, Tolima)

2 richardsoni (Chapman, 1912) iPacific slope of W Andes of Colombia (Cauca)

1 striaticeps Cabanis, 1873 iAndes of N and C Peru (Amazonas to Cuzco)

3 euophrys (P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1876)⁸⁴ αiAndes of S Peru (Puno) to C Bolivia (La Paz, Cochabamba)

Myiothlypis basilica ⁸⁵ (Todd, 1913) Santa Marta Warbler

vN Colombia (Santa Marta Mts.)

Myiothlypis leucophrys (von Pelzeln, 1868) White-striped Warbler

SC Brazil (S Mato Grosso to Minas Gerais south to N São Paulo)

Myiothlypis flaveola ⁸⁶ S.F. Baird, 1865 Flavescent Warbler

vN Colombia (Norte de Santander), Venezuela, C Brazil to E Bolivia (Santa Cruz) and Paraguay

Myiothlypis leucoblephara White-browed Warbler/White-rimmed Warbler

leucoblephara (Vieillot, 1817) vSE Brazil (from Paraná, C São Paulo, SW Rio de Janeiro) to NE Argentina (Buenos Aires)

lemurum (Olson, 1975) iUruguay [Olson, 1975 #2836]

Myiothlypis signata Pale-legged Warbler

signata (von Berlepsch & Stolzmann, 1906) vAndes of C Peru (Junín, Cuzco)

flavovirens (Todd, 1929) iAndes of S Peru (Cuzco, Puno), Bolivia (La Paz, Cochabamba), NW Argentina (Jujuy)

Myiothlypis nigrocristata (Lafresnaye, 1840) Black-crested Warbler

vN Venezuela (coastal mountains of Aragua); SW Venezuela (Trujillo, Táchira) to N Peru (La Libertad)

Myiothlypis fulvicauda⁸⁷ Buff-rumped Warbler

leucopygia (P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1873) vHonduras to W Panama

veraguensis (Sharpe, 1885) vPacific slope of SW Costa Rica, C Panama

semicervina (P.L. Sclater, 1860)⁸⁸ αvE Panama south in W Andes to NW Peru (Tumbes, Piura)

motacilla (A.H. Miller, 1952) iN Colombia (upper Magdalena valley)

fulvicauda (von Spix, 1825) iColombia (Meta) to E Ecuador, NE Peru (Junín), W Brazil (Amazonas east to R. Madeira)

significans (J.T. Zimmer, 1949) iSE Peru (Cuzco)

Myiothlypis rivularis⁸⁹ Riverbank Warbler

mesoleuca (P.L. Sclater, 1865)⁹⁰ αvE Venezuela (R. Orinoco), the Guianas, N Brazil (to R. Tapajós, R. Xingu)

rivularis (zu Wied-Neuwied, 1821) vSE Brazil (south of Bahia), E Paraguay, NE Argentina (Misiones)

boliviana (Sharpe, 1885) vE Bolivia (E foothills in La Paz, Cochabamba, Santa Cruz, Tarija)

Myiothlypis bivittata⁹¹ Two-banded Warbler

1 roraimae (Sharpe, 1885)⁹² iS Venezuela (Bolívar), W Guyana, N Brazil (Roraima)

2 bivittata (d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837) vE Andes from S Peru (Cuzco, Puno) to C Bolivia (La Paz, Cochabamba, W Santa Cruz)

2 argentinae (J.T. Zimmer, 1949) iSE Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Tarija) to N Argentina (Jujuy, Salta)

Myiothlypis chrysogaster Golden-bellied Warbler

chlorophrys (von Berlepsch, 1907)⁹³ iAndes of SW Colombia (Cauca, Nariño) to W Ecuador (to Chimborazo)

chrysogaster (von Tschudi, 1844) iE slope of Andes in C and S Peru (to Puno)

Myiothlypis conspicillata (Salvin & Godman, 1880) White-lored Warbler

vN Colombia (Santa Marta Mts.)

Myiothlypis cinereicollis Gray-throated Warbler

pallidula (Wetmore, 1941) vNE Colombia (Magdalena), W Venezuela (Zulia, Mérida, Táchira)

zuliensis (Aveledo & L.A. Pérez, 1994) vSierra de Perijá (Colombian-Venezuelan border) [Aveledo, 1994 #119]

cinereicollis (P.L. Sclater, 1864)⁹⁴ αvE Andes of Colombia (Norte de Santander to Bogotá), W Venezuela (Mérida, Táchira)

Myiothlypis fraseri Gray-and-gold Warbler

ochraceicrista (Chapman, 1921) iW Ecuador (Manabí to El Oro, incl. Isla Puná)

fraseri (P.L. Sclater, 1884) iC Ecuador (Chimborazo) to NW Peru (Tumbes, Piura)

Myiothlypis coronata^95,96 Russet-crowned Warbler

1 regulus (Todd, 1929) iColombia (C and W Andes from Antioquia to Cauca, W slope of E Andes to Huila), W Venezuela (Lara)

1 elata (Todd, 1929) vW Andes in SW Colombia (Nariño) to N Ecuador

2 orientalis (Chapman, 1924) vE Ecuador (E slope of E Andes, from Pichincha to Chimborazo)

2 castaneiceps (P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1877)⁹⁷ αiW slope of W Andes in SW Ecuador (Azuay, El Oro, Loja) to NW Peru (Tumbes, Piura)

2 chapmani (Todd, 1929) iNW Peru (E slope of W Andes in Cajamarca)

1 inaequalis (J.T. Zimmer, 1949) vN Peru (C Andes in Amazonas, San Martín)

1 coronata (von Tschudi, 1844) vE Andes of C and S Peru (Junín to Puno) to W Bolivia (La Paz)

1 notia (Todd, 1929) vE Andes in C Bolivia (Cochabamba)

BASILEUTERUS Cabanis, 1849 M - Basileuterus vermivorus Cabanis, 1849; type by monotypy = Setophaga auricapilla Swainson, 1838 ^98,99

Basileuterus lachrymosus ^100,101,102 Bonaparte, 1850 Fan-tailed Warbler

vN Mexico to NW Nicaragua

Basileuterus rufifrons¹⁰³ Rufous-capped Warbler

1 caudatus Nelson, 1899 vNW Mexico (Sonora, W Chihuahua to N Durango)

1 dugesi Ridgway, 1892¹⁰⁴ αiC Mexico (S Sinaloa, W Durango to S Puebla, W Oaxaca)

1 jouyi Ridgway, 1892¹⁰⁵ αiNE Mexico (Nuevo León, W Tamaulipas to E Hidalgo, C Veracruz)

1 rufifrons (Swainson, 1838)¹⁰⁶ αiHighlands of S Mexico, N Guatemala

1 salvini Cherrie, 1891^107,108 αiS Mexico (S Veracruz, Tabasco, N Chiapas), N Guatemala

2 delattrii Bonaparte, 1854 iS Guatemala to C Costa Rica

2 mesochrysus P.L. Sclater, 1860¹⁰⁹ αvS Costa Rica to N Colombia (south to Huila), W Venezuela (Sierra de Perijá, Zulia)

2 actuosus Wetmore, 1957 vIsla de Coiba, off SW Panama

Basileuterus melanogenys¹¹⁰ Black-cheeked Warbler

melanogenys S.F. Baird, 1865 iC and S Costa Rica

eximius Nelson, 1912 δvW Panama (Chiriquí)

bensoni Griscom, 1927 iW Panama (Veraguas)

Basileuterus ignotus ¹¹¹ Nelson, 1912 Pirre Warbler

vE Panama (Cerro Pirre, Cerro Tacarcuna)

Basileuterus belli Golden-browed Warbler

bateli R.T. Moore, 1946 iW Mexico (SE Sinaloa, W Durango to Michoacán, México)

belli (Giraud, 1841) iE Mexico (SE Sinaloa, E San Luis Potosí to N Oaxaca, C Veracruz)

clarus Ridgway, 1902 vSW Mexico (S Morelos, S Michoacán to W Oaxaca)

scitulus Nelson, 1900 vS Mexico (E Veracruz, E Oaxaca, Chiapas) to W Honduras and NW El Salvador

subobscurus Wetmore, 1940 vC Honduras

Basileuterus culicivorus^112,113 Golden-crowned Warbler

flavescens Ridgway, 1902 iWC Mexico (Nayarit, Jalisco)

brasierii (Giraud, 1841) δiEC Mexico (Gulf slope from Tamaulipas to N Veracruz)

culicivorus (Deppe, 1830) vE and S Mexico (NE Puebla, C Veracruz) to N Costa Rica

godmani von Berlepsch, 1888 iC Costa Rica to W Panama (to Veraguas)

occultus J.T. Zimmer, 1949 vColombia (C and W Andes from Antioquia to Cauca, E Andes from Magdalena to Santander)

austerus J.T. Zimmer, 1949 vC Colombia (E slope of E Andes from Boyacá to W Meta)

indignus Todd, 1916 vSierra de Perijá (Colombian-Venezuelan border)

cabanisi von Berlepsch, 1879 iNE Colombia (Norte de Santander), NW Venezuela (from Zulia to Distrito Federal and south to Táchira)

olivascens Chapman, 1893 iNE Venezuela (Anzoátegui, Sucre, Monagas); Trinidad

segrex J.T. Zimmer & W.H. Phelps, Sr., 1949¹¹⁴ iSE Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar), W Guyana, N Brazil (Roraima)

auricapilla (Swainson, 1838) δiC and E Brazil (Maranhão to Ceará, south to Espírito Santo)

hypoleucus Bonaparte, 1850^115,116 vS Brazil (S Mato Grosso to W Minas Gerais, E São Paulo), NE Paraguay

azarae J.T. Zimmer, 1949 iSE Brazil, Paraguay, NE Argentina, Uruguay

viridescens Todd, 1913 iE Bolivia (Santa Cruz)

Basileuterus trifasciatus Three-banded Warbler

nitidior Chapman, 1924¹¹⁷ vSW Ecuador (El Oro, Loja), NW Peru (Tumbes)

trifasciatus Taczanowski, 1880¹¹⁸ αvNW Peru (Piura to La Libertad)

Basileuterus tristriatus¹¹⁹ Three-striped Warbler

melanotis Lawrence, 1868^120,121 αvCosta Rica, W Panama [Lawrence, 1868 #15241]

tacarcunae Chapman, 1924 iE Panama (Cerro Tacarcuna)

daedalus Bangs, 1908 vW Colombia (W Andes and W slope of C Andes from Antioquia) to Ecuador (to Chimborazo)

auricularis Sharpe, 1885 vE Colombia (E Andes and E slope of C Andes), SW Venezuela (Zulia, Táchira)

meridanus Sharpe, 1885 vW Venezuela (Lara to Táchira)

bessereri Hellmayr, 1922 iN Venezuela (mountains from Yaracuy to Miranda)

pariae W.H. Phelps & W.H. Phelps, Jr., 1949 iNE Venezuela (Paria Pen.)

baezae Chapman, 1924 iE slope of Andes of Ecuador (south to Chimborazo)

tristriatus (von Tschudi, 1844) vAndes of SE Ecuador (Loja, Zamora-Chinchipe) to C Peru (Cuzco)

inconspicuus J.T. Zimmer, 1949 vAndes of S Peru (Puno) to NW Bolivia (La Paz)

punctipectus Chapman, 1924 iC Bolivia (Andes of E La Paz, Cochabamba)

canens J.T. Zimmer, 1949 iC Bolivia (Andes of W Santa Cruz)

Basileuterus griseiceps ¹²² P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1868 Gray-headed Warblerα

iNE Venezuela (Coastal Range from Anzoátegui to Monagas)

CARDELLINA Bonaparte, 1850 F - Cardinella amicta Du Bus; type by subsequent designation (S.F. Baird, 1865, Rev. Amer. Birds, 1 (1864), p. 263). = Muscicapa rubrifrons Giraud, 1841 ^123,124

Cardellina canadensis (Linnaeus, 1766) Canada Warbler

vS Canada, NE USA (east of Minnesota, south to N Georgia) >> N South America (W of Andes to C Peru)

Cardellina pusilla¹²⁵ Wilson's Warbler

1 pileolata (Pallas, 1811) vAlaska, W Canada (British Columbia, Queen Charlotte Is.), W USA (to N New Mexico) >> Central America

1 chryseola (Ridgway, 1902) vSW Canada (SW British Columbia) to W USA (C California) >> Mexico (incl. Baja California) to Panama

2 pusilla (A. Wilson, 1811)¹²⁶ vS and E Canada (east of Northwest Territories), NE USA (New England) >> S USA, E Mexico to Costa Rica,

Cardellina rubrifrons (Giraud, 1841) Red-faced Warbler

iSW USA (Arizona, SW New Mexico), NW Mexico (to Durango) >> W and S Mexico to N El Salvador

Cardellina rubra^127,128,129 Red Warbler

1 melanauris (R.T. Moore, 1937) iNW Mexico (Sierra Madre Occidental from SW Chihuahua to N Nayarit)

2 rubra (Swainson, 1827) vW and SW Mexico (Jalisco to N Oaxaca)

2 rowleyi (Orr & Webster, 1968) iS Mexico (Guerrero, S Oaxaca) [Orr, 1968 #2876]

Cardellina versicolor ¹³⁰ Salvin, 1863 Pink-headed Warblerα

S Mexico (highlands of E Chiapas) to Guatemala

MYIOBORUS S.F. Baird, 1865 M - Setophaga verticalis d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837; type by original designation

Myioborus pictus Painted Redstart

pictus (Swainson, 1829) vSW USA (Arizona, SW New Mexico) to SC Mexico (Oaxaca, Veracruz)

guatemalae (Sharpe, 1885) iS Mexico (Chiapas) to N Nicaragua

Myioborus miniatus Slaty-throated Whitestart

miniatus (Swainson, 1827) vW Mexico (S Sonora, SW Chihuahua to Oaxaca)

molochinus Wetmore, 1942 vE Mexico (SE Veracruz)

intermedius (Hartlaub, 1852) vS Mexico (E Oaxaca, N and E Chiapas), E Guatemala

hellmayri van Rossem, 1936 iS Guatemala to SW El Salvador

connectens Dickey & van Rossem, 1928 iEl Salvador, Honduras, NC Nicaragua

comptus Wetmore, 1944 vW and C Costa Rica

aurantiacus (S.F. Baird, 1865) vE Costa Rica, W Panama

ballux Wetmore & W.H. Phelps, Sr., 1944 iSE Panama, Colombia (excl. Santa Marta Mts.), W Venezuela, NW Ecuador

sanctaemartae J.T. Zimmer, 1949 iN Colombia (Santa Marta Mts.)

pallidiventris (Chapman, 1899) vN Venezuela (Falcón to Monagas)

subsimilis J.T. Zimmer, 1949 vW Andes of SW Ecuador (El Oro) to NW Peru (Piura)

verticalis (d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837) vE Andes (S Ecuador (Loja) to Bolivia (to Cochabamba)); S Venezuela, N Guyana, N Brazil (Roraima)

Myioborus brunniceps (d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837) Brown-capped Whitestart

C Bolivia (La Paz), N Argentina (E slope of Andes to La Rioja)

Myioborus flavivertex (Salvin, 1887) Yellow-crowned Whitestart

iN Colombia (Santa Marta Mts.)

Myioborus albifrons ¹³¹ (P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1871) White-fronted Whitestartδ

iAndes of W Venezuela (Trujillo to Táchira)

Myioborus ornatus^132,133 Golden-fronted Whitestart

1 ornatus (Boissonneau, 1840) vSW Venezuela (SW Táchira), E Andes of Colombia (south to Bogotá)

2 chrysops (Salvin, 1878) iC and S Colombia (W and C Andes, southern part of E Andes)

Myioborus melanocephalus^134,135 Spectacled Whitestart

1 ruficoronatus (Kaup, 1852) vAndes of SW Colombia (Nariño), W Ecuador (south to Loja)

1 griseonuchus Chapman, 1927 iNW Peru (W Andes in Piura, Cajamarca)

2 malaris J.T. Zimmer, 1949 vN Peru (C Andes in Amazonas)

2 melanocephalus (von Tschudi, 1844) vC Peru (E Andes to Ayacucho)

2 bolivianus Chapman, 1919 vAndes in S Peru (Cuzco) to N Bolivia (La Paz, Cochabamba)

Myioborus torquatus (S.F. Baird, 1865) Collared Whitestart

vCosta Rica, W Panama

Myioborus pariae W.H. Phelps & W.H. Phelps, Jr., 1949 Paria Whitestart

iNE Venezuela (Paria Pen.)

Myioborus albifacies W.H. Phelps & W.H. Phelps, Jr., 1946 White-faced Whitestart

iS Venezuela (NW Amazonas)

Myioborus cardonai J.T. Zimmer & W.H. Phelps, Sr., 1945 Saffron-fronted Whitestart/Guaiquinima Whitestart

iSE Venezuela (C Bolívar)

Myioborus castaneocapilla^136,137,138 Tepui Whitestart

castaneocapilla (Cabanis, 1849)¹³⁹ αSE Venezuela (Bolívar), W Guyana, N Brazil

duidae Chapman, 1929 S Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar)

maguirei W.H. Phelps & W.H. Phelps, Jr., 1961 SE Venezuela (S Amazonas)

1 Composition and sequence of genera derived from Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539] except where indicated. Six genera are thus placed in synonymy, three in Setophaga (Parula, Dendroica and Wilsonia); Ergaticus in Cardellina; Euthlypis in Basileuterus; and Phaeothlypis in a restored genus Myiothylpis.

2 Species in this genus were formerly placed in Seiurus, but see Sangster (2008) [Sangster, 2008 #11079], Chesser et al. (2010) [Chesser, 2010 #12460] and Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539].

3 Dated 1808 by Lowery & Monroe (1968) [Lowery, 1968 #2448], but see Browning & Monroe (1991) [Browning, 1991 #542]. True date unknown see Dickinson (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #12761].

4 For treatment as monotypic see Molina et al. (2000) [Molina, 2000 #2698].

5 The name Vermivora Linnaeus, 1776 was one of those suppressed by Opinion 412 (I.C.Z.N., 1956) [I.C.Z.N., 1956 #6619].

6 Species name formerly pinus but see Olson & Reveal (2009) [Olson, 2009 #12034].

7 For restoration of this genus see Sangster (2008) [Sangster, 2008 #11078], Chesser et al. (2010) [Chesser, 2010 #12460] and Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539].

8 Perhaps not diagnosable from mexicana; see Curson (2010) [Curson, 2010 #13498].

9 Dated '1851?' by Lowery & Monroe (1968) [Lowery, 1968 #2448], but see Zimmer (1926) [Zimmer, 1926 #4296].

10 Issue cover dated February 1861.

11 For recognition of this genus see Sangster (2008) [Sangster, 2008 #11078]; see also Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539]. But see Chesser et al. (2010) [Chesser, 2010 #12460].

12 For date correction see Woodman (2010) [Woodman, 2010 #13512] and Chesser et al. (2013) [Chesser, 2013 #14902].

13 Published September 9, 1890 see Anon. (1947) [Anon., 1947 #14610].

14 Considered by Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] to form a superspecies with L. virginiae and L. crissalis, but see Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539].

15 For continued recognition of this genus see Chesser et al. (2011) [Chesser, 2011 #12822], but see Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539].

16 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

17 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

18 For recognition see A.O.U. (1998) [A.O.U., 1998 #9] and Chesser et al. (2011) [Chesser, 2011 #12822], but scope of genus reduced see Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539].

19 May comprise more than one species; see Ridgely & Tudor (1989) [Ridgely, 1989 #3271], Escalante-Pliego (1992) [Escalante-Pliego, 1990 #1510], Ridgely & Greenfield (2001) [Ridgely, 2001 #3274] and Escalante-Pliego et al. (2009) [Escalante-Pliego, 2009 #11904], but see Wetmore et al. (1984) [Wetmore, 1984 #4154] and Curson (2010) [Curson, 2010 #13498].

20 Subspecies groups follow Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and A.O.U. (1998) [A.O.U., 1998 #9], although later authors disagree.

21 For treatment as subspecies of G. aequinoctialis see Wetmore et al. (1984) [Wetmore, 1984 #4154] and A.O.U. (1998) [A.O.U., 1998 #9], but see Escalante et al. (2009) [Escalante, 2009 #11904] who suggest species rank for this and a position close to G. semiflava.

22 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

23 Dated 1808 by Lowery & Monroe (1968: 45) [Lowery, 1968 #2448], but see Browning & Monroe (1991) [Browning, 1991 #542]. True date unknown see Dickinson (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #12761].

24 Species G. tolmiei, G. philadelphia and G. formosa often placed in Oporornis, but see Escalante et al. (2009) [Escalante, 2009 #11904], Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539] and Chesser et al. (2011) [Chesser, 2011 #12822].

25 Forms a superspecies with G. tolmiei; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539].

26 Includes umbraticus Oberholser, 1974 [Oberholser, 1974 #2809]; see Browning (1978) [Browning, 1978 #536].

27 May deserve treatment as a separate species; see Escalante et al. (2009) [Escalante, 2009 #11904] and Curson (2010) [Curson, 2010 #13498].

28 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

29 For recommended date see Anon. (1947) [Anon., 1947 #14610].

30 For recognition see Schwartz (1970) [Schwartz, 1970 #13866].

31 Species not monophyletic; see Escalante et al. (2009) [Escalante, 2009 #11904].

32 Considered by A.O.U. (1983) [A.O.U., 1983 #8] and Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] to form a superspecies with G. beldingi, G. flavovelata, G. rostrata and G. nelsoni. See also Escalante et al. (2009) [Escalante, 2009 #11904].

33 In the past, sometimes treated as a separate species (Hellmayr 1935 [Hellmayr, 1935 #10407]) or as a separate subspecies group (Sibley & Monroe 1990 [Sibley, 1990 #3636]), but there is no basis for either; see Escalante et al. (2009) [Escalante, 2009 #11904].

34 Includes Geothlypis cucullata Salvin & Godman, 1889 preoccupied by Sylvia cucullata a junior synonym of Geothlypis aequinoctialis (Gmelin, 1789).

35 For continued recognition of this genus see Chesser et al. (2011) [Chesser, 2011 #12822], but see Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539] for inclusion in Setophaga.

36 For expanded composition of this genus, with the inclusion of Wilsonia, Parula and Dendroica, see Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539] and Chesser et al. (2011) [Chesser, 2011 #12822].

37 Date used for consistency with other taxa named in same paper all dated December 1877 by Deignan (1961) [Deignan, 1961 #1244].

38 Forms a superspecies with S. plumbea and S. angelae, see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539].

39 Formerly placed in Wilsonia, but see Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539] and Chesser et al. (2011) [Chesser, 2011 #12822].

40 S. americana and S. pitiayumi formerly placed in Parula, but see Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539] and Chesser et al. (2011) [Chesser, 2011 #12822].

41 Forms a superspecies with S. pitiayumi; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and A.O.U. (1998) [A.O.U., 1998 #9]; they may be conspecific, see Lovette & Bermingham (2001) [Lovette, 2001 #2440].

42 Subspecies groups follow Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and A.O.U. (1998) [A.O.U., 1998 #9].

43 For correct date see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].

44 Includes speciosa and nana; see Regelski & Moldenhauer (2012) [Regelski, 2012 #15242].

45 Includes melanogenys; see Regelski & Moldenhauer (2012) [Regelski, 2012 #15242].

46 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

47 Includes elegans and roraimae; see Regelski & Moldenhauer (2012) [Regelski, 2012 #15242].

48 The prior name Muscicapa lutea Linnaeus, 1766 was one of those suppressed by Opinion 412 (I.C.Z.N., 1956) [I.C.Z.N., 1956 #6619].

49 Subspecies classification follows Browning (1994) [Browning, 1994 #548] in the continued absence of a comprehensive genetic study; see e.g. Klein & Brown (1994) [Klein, 1994 #8960], Milot et al. (2000) [Milot, 2000 #15197], Gibbs et al. (2000) [Gibbs, 2000 #15194] and Chaves et al. (2012) [Chaves, 2012 #14739].

50 Subspecies groups follow Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and A.O.U. (1998) [A.O.U., 1998 #9].

51 Includes ineditus; see Browning (1994) [Browning, 1994 #548].

52 Treated as a separate species by Ridgely & Greenfield (2001) [Ridgely, 2001 #3274] and Hilty (2003) [Hilty, 2003 #12443].

53 For recognition see Browning (1994) [Browning, 1994 #548].

54 Includes hypochlora Oberholser, 1974 [Oberholser, 1974 #2809]; see Browning (1974) [Browning, 1974 #534].

55 For recognition see Browning (1994) [Browning, 1994 #548].

56 For recognition see Browning (1994) [Browning, 1994 #548].

57 Includes cruciana; see Browning (1994) [Browning, 1994 #548].

58 For correct date see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287] and table 66 therein.

59 For recommended date see Anon. (1947) [Anon., 1947 #14610].

60 Treated as a separate species by Hilty (2003) [Hilty, 2003 #12443].

61 Original spelling erihtachorides; emendation justified by internal information. See Lowery & Monroe (1968) [Lowery, 1968 #2448] and David et al. (2009) [David, 2009 #12111].

62 For recommended date see Anon. (1947) [Anon., 1947 #14610].

63 For correct date see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287] and table 66 therein.

64 For correct date see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287] and table 66 therein.

65 May not be diagnosable; see Curson (2010) [Curson, 2010 #13498].

66 For recommended date see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].

67 For correction of author see Olson & Reveal (2009) [Olson, 2009 #12034].

68 May comprise two or more species; see Milá et al. (2007, 2011) [Milá, 2007 #9974], [Milá, 2011 #13242], Brelsford & Irwin (2009) [Brelsford, 2009 #12049] and Brelsford et al. (2011) [Brelsford, 2011 #12836].

69 Subspecies groups follow Milá et al. (2007, 2011) [Milá, 2007 #9974]; [Milá, 2011 #13242] and take account of Brelsford et al. (2011) [Brelsford, 2011 #12836]. But see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].

70 For recognition see Godfrey (1986) [Godfrey, 1986 #1718], Gibson & Kessel (1997) [Gibson, 1997 #13862], Hunt & Flaspohler (1998) [Hunt, 1998 #15604] and Curson (2010) [Curson, 2010 #13498].

71 Considered by Mengel (1964) [Mengel, 1964 #15196] and Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] to form a superspecies with S. graciae and S. adelaidae, but see Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539].

72 Includes albilora and stoddardi, see McKay (2008) [McKay, 2008 #11738]; and axantha Oberholser, 1974 [Oberholser, 1974 #2809], see Browning (1978) [Browning, 1978 #536]. The author of albilora was S.F. Baird; see Banks & Browning (1979) [Banks, 1979 #190].

73 For treatment, tentative here, as a separate species from S. dominica, see McKay et al. (2010) [McKay, 2010 #12541] and Chesser et al. (2011) [Chesser, 2011 #12822].

74 Forms a superspecies with S. vitellina; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636], A.O.U. (1998) [A.O.U., 1998 #9] and Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539].

75 Dated 1808 or 1809 by Lowery & Monroe (1968) [Lowery, 1968 #2448], but see Browning & Monroe (1991) [Browning, 1991 #542]. True date unknown see Dickinson (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #12761].

76 For treatment as a separate species from S. adelaidae see Lovette et al. (1998) [Lovette, 1998 #15206], Lovette & Bermingham (1999) [Lovette, 1999 #15207] and Banks et al. (2000) [Banks, 2000 #10].

77 For treatment as a separate species from S. adelaidae see Lovette et al. (1998) [Lovette, 1998 #15206], Lovette & Bermingham (1999) [Lovette, 1999 #15207] and Banks et al. (2000) [Banks, 2000 #10].

78 Includes halseii; see Guzy & Lowther (2012) [Guzy, 2012 #15240].

79 Dated 1861 by Lowery & Monroe (1968) [Lowery, 1968 #2448], but see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

80 Subspecies waynei sometimes recognised, e.g. by Curson (2010) [Curson, 2010 #13498], but see Monroe (1968) [Monroe, 1968 #2706] and Morse & Poole (2005) [Morse, 2005 #15198].

81 Forms a superspecies with S. chrysoparia, S. townsendi and S. occidentalis; see Mengel (1964) [Mengel, 1964 #15196], Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539].

82 For restoration of this genus, which antedates and subsumes Phaeothlypis and numerous species previously attached to Basileuterus, see Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539].

83 Subspecies groups follow Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].

84 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

85 For placement in Myiothlypis see Gutiérrez-Pinto et al. (2012) [Gutiérrez-Pinto, 2012 #14741].

86 Includes pallidirostris Oren, 1985 [Oren, 1985 #2868]; see Curson (2010) [Curson, 2010 #13498].

87 The species M. fulvicauda and M. rivularis were formerly placed in Phaeothlypis, but see Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539] and Chesser et al. (2011) [Chesser, 2011 #12822].

88 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

89 Considered by Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and A.O.U. (1998) [A.O.U., 1998 #9] to form a superspecies with M. fulvicauda; but see Lovette (2004) [Lovette, 2004 #2445].

90 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

91 Subspecies groups follow Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].

92 Treated as a separate species by Hilty (2003) [Hilty, 2003 #12443] and Ridgely & Tudor (2009) [Ridgely, 2009 #12008].

93 Treated as a separate species by Ridgely & Greenfield (2001) [Ridgely, 2001 #3274] and Ridgely & Tudor (2009) [Ridgely, 2009 #12008].

94 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

95 May comprise two or more species; see Hellmayr (1935) [Hellmayr, 1935 #10407], Zimmer (1949) [Zimmer, 1949 #9684] and Ridgely & Greenfield (2001) [Ridgely, 2001 #3274].

96 Subspecies groups follow Lowery & Monroe (1968) [Lowery, 1968 #2448] and Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636]. Curson (2010) [Curson, 2010 #13498] places orientalis in group 1.

97 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

98 For new composition of this genus and the inclusion of Euthlypis, see Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539].

99 For retention of date 1849 see Evenhuis (1997) [Evenhuis, 1997 #12439] and Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].

100 Formerly placed in Euthlypis, but see Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539] and Chesser et al. (2011) [Chesser, 2011 #12822].

101 For treatment as monotypic see Binford (1989) [Binford, 1989 #303] and Curson (2010) [Curson, 2010 #13498]; thus includes tephra and schistacea.

102 Dated '1851?' by Lowery & Monroe (1968) [Lowery, 1968 #2448], but see Zimmer (1926) [Zimmer, 1926 #4296].

103 Subspecies groups follow A.O.U. (1983) [A.O.U., 1983 #8]. The groups are sometimes treated as separate species, e.g. by Hellmayr (1935) [Hellmayr, 1935 #10407], Howell & Webb (1995) [Howell, 1995 #13863] and Ridgely & Tudor (2009) [Ridgely, 2009 #12008], but see Monroe (1968) [Monroe, 1968 #2706], Meyer de Schauensee (1970) [Meyer de Schauensee, 1970 #2678] and A.O.U. (1983) [A.O.U., 1983 #8].

104 For recommended date see Anon. (1947) [Anon., 1947 #14610].

105 For recommended date see Anon. (1947) [Anon., 1947 #14610].

106 For confirmation of date, see Browning & Monroe (1991) [Browning, 1991 #542].

107 Binford (1989) [Binford, 1989 #303] recognised subspecies flavigaster Nelson, 1897 [Nelson, 1897 #2758], but see Hellmayr (1935) [Hellmayr, 1935 #10407].

108 For recommended date see Anon. (1947) [Anon., 1947 #14610].

109 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

110 Forms a superspecies with B. ignotus; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and A.O.U. (1998) [A.O.U., 1998 #9].

111 For treatment as a separate species from B. melanogenys, see Ridgely (1976) [Ridgely, 1976 #15200], A.O.U. (1983, 1998) [A.O.U., 1983 #8], [A.O.U., 1998 #9] and Curson (2010) [Curson, 2010 #13498], but see Wetmore et al. (1984) [Wetmore, 1984 #4154].

112 Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and A.O.U. (1998) [A.O.U., 1998 #9] recognised 3 subspecies groups (culicivorus, cabanisi, auricapilla), but see Vilaça & Santos (2010) [Vilaça, 2010 #12576].

113 Considered by Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] to form a superspecies with B. trifasciatus, but see Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539] and Gutiérrez-Pinto et al. (2012) [Gutiérrez-Pinto, 2012 #14741].

114 Includes roraimae Zimmer & Phelps Sr., 1949 preoccupied by Basileuterus roraimae Sharpe, 1885.

115 Traditionally considered a separate species, but see Vilaça & Santos (2010) [Vilaça, 2010 #12576].

116 Dated '1851?' by Lowery & Monroe (1968) [Lowery, 1968 #2448], but see Zimmer (1926) [Zimmer, 1926 #4296].

117 Perhaps not diagnosably different from nominate; see Gutiérrez-Pinto et al. (2012) [Gutiérrez-Pinto, 2012 #14741].

118 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

119 Species not monophyletic with respect to B. trifasciatus; see Gutiérrez-Pinto et al. (2012) [Gutiérrez-Pinto, 2012 #14741]; who suggest melanotis and tacarcunae be split as two separate species.

120 The name chitrensis Griscom, 1927, is a junior synonym (Wetmore et al. 1984) [Wetmore, 1984 #4154]; overlooked by Lowery & Monroe (1968) [Lowery, 1968 #2448], Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] and Curson (2010) [Curson, 2010 #13498]; see LeCroy (2013) [LeCroy, 2013 #15329].

121 Cover date December 1868; not received at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington until February 6, 1869 and may have only been distributed in 1869.

122 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

123 For new composition of this genus and inclusion of Ergaticus and two Wilsonia species, see Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539] and Chesser et al. (2011) [Chesser, 2011 #12822].

124 Dated '1851?' by Lowery & Monroe (1968) [Lowery, 1968 #2448], but see Zimmer (1926) [Zimmer, 1926 #4296].

125 Subspecies groups based on Irwin et al. (2011) [Irwin, 2011 #12862].

126 Historical assignment of date precedence to pusilla of Wilson over pileolata of Pallas seems satisfactory; Wilson's volume had an Introduction dated February 1811 and in so far as known his volumes were reported as published within about four months of his dated introductions.

127 C. rubra and C. versicolor formerly placed in Ergaticus, but see Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539] and Chesser et al. (2011) [Chesser, 2011 #12822].

128 Forms a superspecies with C. versicolor; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].

129 Subspecies groups follow Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636]. See also Barrera-Guzmán et al. (2012) [Barrera-Guzmán, 2012 #13642].

130 For correct date see Duncan (1937) [Duncan, 1937 #1442].

131 Misspelled albimfrons in Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533].

132 Forms a superspecies with M. melanocephalus; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636] and Curson (2010) [Curson, 2010 #13498].

133 Subspecies groups follow Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].

134 Subspecies groups follow Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].

135 May be conspecific with M. ornatus; see Ridgely & Greenfield (2001) [Ridgely, 2001 #3274] and Pérez-Emán (2005) [Pérez-Emán, 2005 #10015].

136 For treatment as a separate species from M. brunniceps, see Ridgely & Tudor (1989) [Ridgely, 1989 #3271], Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636], Pérez-Emán (2005) [Pérez-Emán, 2005 #10015] and Lovette et al. (2010) [Lovette, 2010 #12539].

137 Forms a superspecies with M. cardonai and M. albifacies; M. pariae is presumably also part of same group; see Curson (2010) [Curson, 2010 #13498].

138 Species paraphyletic with respect to M. cardonai; see Pérez-Emán (2005) [Pérez-Emán, 2005 #10015].

139 For retention of date 1849 see Evenhuis (1997) [Evenhuis, 1997 #12439] and Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].