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CAPRIMULGIDAE - Nightjars1 (20:92)
EUROSTOPODINAE
EUROSTOPODUS Gould, 1838 M - Caprimulgus guttatus Vigors & Horsfield, 1827; type by subsequent designation (G.R. Gray, 1840, A List of the Genera of Birds, p. 7). = Caprimulgus mystacalis Temminck, 1826  2
Eurostopodus mystacalis White-throated Nightjar
mystacalis (Temminck, 1826)3,4 vCoastal and subcoastal E Australia >> E New Guinea
nigripennis E.P. Ramsay, 18825 αvBougainville, Fauro, Santa Isabel, New Georgia Is. (N and C Solomons)
Eurostopodus argus 6,7  E. Hartert, 1892 Spotted Nightjar
iAustralia (west of Great Dividing Range) >> islands in Arafura Sea
Eurostopodus exul 8  Mayr, 1941 Silver Nightjar
New Caledonia [Mayr, 1941 #2549]
Eurostopodus diabolicus   Stresemann, 1931 Heinrich's Nightjar
vN and C Sulawesi
Eurostopodus archboldi   (Mayr & Rand, 1935) Archbold's Nightjar
iMontane C New Guinea (high mountains of central cordillera)
Eurostopodus papuensis 9  (Schlegel, 1866) Papuan Nightjar
vSalawati, lowland New Guinea
LYNCORNIS Gould, 1838 M - Lyncornis cerviniceps Gould, 1838; type by original designation  10
Lyncornis macrotis Great Eared Nightjar
cerviniceps Gould, 1838 iNE India, W Yunnan, continental SE Asia (except NE), N and C Thai-Malay Pen.
bourdilloni Hume, 1875 iSW India
macrotis (Vigors, 1831) vPhilippines
jacobsoni Junge, 193611 iSimeulue I. (off W Sumatra)
macropterus Bonaparte, 1850 vSangir Is., Sulawesi, Banggai Is. (Peleng)
Lyncornis temminckii   Gould, 1838 Malaysian Eared Nightjar
C and S Thai-Malay Pen., Sumatra and satellites (Nias I., Bangka I., Belitung I.), Borneo
CAPRIMULGINAE
GACTORNIS Han, Robbins & M.J. Braun, 2010 M - Caprimulgus enarratus G.R. Gray, 1871; type by original designation and monotypy  
Gactornis enarratus   (G.R. Gray, 1871) Collared Nightjar
vNW, N and E Madagascar
CHORDEILES Swainson, 1832 M - Caprimulgus virginianus J.F. Gmelin, 1789; type by original designation = Caprimulgus minor J.R. Forster, 1771  12
Chordeiles nacunda13 Nacunda Nighthawk
coryi Agne & Pacheco, 201114 N and E Colombia to the Guianas and N Brazil (north of R. Amazon); Trinidad [Agne, 2011 #12752]
nacunda (Vieillot, 1817) iBrazil (south of R. Amazon) and E Peru to C Argentina and Uruguay
Chordeiles pusillus Least Nighthawk
septentrionalis (Hellmayr, 1908) vE Colombia, C Venezuela, Guyana, S Surinam
esmeraldae J.T. Zimmer & W.H. Phelps, Sr., 1947 iSE Colombia, S Venezuela, NW Brazil [Zimmer, 1947 #4303]
xerophilus Dickerman, 1988 vNE Brazil (Paraíba, Pernambuco) [Dickerman, 1988 #1340]
novaesi Dickerman, 1988 iNE Brazil (Maranhão, Piauí) [Dickerman, 1988 #1340]
pusillus Gould, 1861 vE Brazil (Tocantins, Bahia, Goiás)
saturatus O.M. de O. Pinto & de Camargo, 1957 vWC Brazil (SE Amazonas, SW Pará, W Mato Grosso), E Bolivia [Pinto, 1957 #3086]
Chordeiles minor15 Common Nighthawk
minor (J.R. Forster, 1771) vS Canada, NE USA (south to E Oklahoma and N South Carolina) >> C South America
hesperis G.B. Grinnell, 190516 vSW Canada, W USA (south to California and W Wyoming) >> C South America
sennetti Coues, 1888 iSC Canada, NC USA (south to E Wyoming and NW Iowa) >> C South America
howelli Oberholser, 1914 iC USA (C Colorado and W Kansas to N Texas) >> C South America
henryi Cassin, 1855 iWC USA (S Utah, SW Colorado) to W Mexico (Durango) >> C South America
aserriensis Cherrie, 1896 vS USA (SE Texas) to E Mexico (N Veracruz) >> C South America
chapmani Coues, 1888 iSE USA (E Texas to Florida and South Carolina) >> C South America
neotropicalis Selander & Alvarez del Toro, 195517 vS Mexico (S Veracruz, Chiapas) to Guatemala and W Honduras >> C South America [Selander, 1955 #3567]
panamensis Eisenmann, 1962 vNicaragua to Panama >> C South America [Eisenmann, 1962 #1493]
Chordeiles gundlachii 18,19  Lawrence, 1856 Antillean Nighthawk
SE USA (W Florida Keys), Bahamas, Cuba, Cayman Is., Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Virgin Is.
Chordeiles acutipennis Lesser Nighthawk
texensis Lawrence, 185620 vSW USA, N and C Mexico >> C America, W Colombia
micromeris Oberholser, 1914 vSE Mexico (N Yucatan Pen.)
littoralis Brodkorb, 1940 vS Mexico to Costa Rica [Brodkorb, 1940 #493]
acutipennis (Hermann, 1783) vN and C South America
crissalis A.H. Miller, 1959 vSC Colombia (Magdalena valley in Huila) [Miller, 1959 #4411]
aequatorialis Chapman, 1923 vW Ecuador
exilis (Lesson, 1839) vW Peru
Chordeiles rupestris Sand-colored Nighthawk
xyostictus Oberholser, 191421 vC Colombia (Cundinamarca)
rupestris (von Spix, 1825) vW and S Amazonia
LUROCALIS Cassin, 1851 M - Caprimulgus nattererii Temminck, 1822; type by subsequent designation (G.R. Gray, 1855, Cat. of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds, p. 12).  
Lurocalis semitorquatus Short-tailed Nighthawk
stonei W. Huber, 192322 iSE Mexico, C Guatemala, N Honduras, NE Nicaragua, E and SW Costa Rica, Panama, W Colombia, NW Ecuador
semitorquatus (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) vN Colombia, S and E Venezuela, the Guianas, N Brazil, Trinidad
schaeferi W.H. Phelps & W.H. Phelps, Jr., 1952 iN Venezuela (Aragua) [Phelps, 1952 #3034]
nattererii (Temminck, 1822)23,24 δiE Ecuador, E Peru, Brazil (south of R. Amazon), N and E Bolivia, E Paraguay, N Argentina
Lurocalis rufiventris 25  Taczanowski, 1884 Rufous-bellied Nighthawk
vAndes of Venezuela (Lara) to WC Bolivia (Cochabamba); Sierra de Perijá
NYCTIPROGNE Bonaparte, 1857 F - Caprimulgus leucopygus von Spix, 1825; type by monotypy  
Nyctiprogne leucopyga Band-tailed Nighthawk
pallida W.H. Phelps & W.H. Phelps, Jr., 1952 vNE Colombia, W and C Venezuela [Phelps, 1952 #3034]
leucopyga (von Spix, 1825) vThe Guianas, N Brazil
exigua Friedmann, 1945 vE Colombia, SW Venezuela (WC Amazonas) [Friedmann, 1945 #1606]
latifascia Friedmann, 1945 iS Venezuela (SW Amazonas) [Friedmann, 1945 #1606]
majuscula O.M. de O. Pinto & de Camargo, 1952 vN and E Bolivia, W and C Brazil, N Paraguay [Pinto, 1952 #3083]
Nyctiprogne vielliardi 26  (Lencioni-Neto, 1994) Bahian Nighthawk
E Brazil (R. São Francisco in Bahia and N Minas Gerais) [Lencioni-Neto, 1994 #2368]
NYCTIPOLUS Ridgway, 1912 M - Caprimulgus nigrescens Cabanis, 1849; type by original designation  27
Nyctipolus nigrescens 28  (Cabanis, 1849) Blackish Nightjarα
E Colombia, E Ecuador, E Peru, S Venezuela, the Guianas, Amazonian Brazil and N Bolivia
Nyctipolus hirundinaceus Pygmy Nightjar
cearae Cory, 1917 iNE Brazil (Ceará to extreme N Bahia)
hirundinaceus (von Spix, 1825) vNE Brazil (S Piauí, Bahia and Alagoas)
vielliardi (Ribon, 1995) iE Brazil (WC Espírito Santo and adjacent SE Minas Gerais) [Ribon, 1995 #3260]
SYSTELLURA Ridgway, 1912 F - Stenopis ruficervix P.L. Sclater, 1866; type by original designation and monotypy  
Systellura longirostris Band-winged Nightjar
ruficervix (P.L. Sclater, 1866)29 iSanta Marta Mts.; Sierra de Perijá; Coastal Range of Venezuela; Andes of W Venezuela to NW Peru (Cajamarca)
roraimae Chapman, 1929 iTepuis of S Venezuela
atripunctata Chapman, 1923 vAndes of N Peru (S Amazonas) to N Chile (Antofagasta) and NW Argentina (Jujuy)
decussata (von Tschudi, 1844) vCoastal NW Peru (Piura) to N Chile (Tarapacá)
bifasciata (Gould, 1837) vChile (S Antofagasta to N Magallanes) and adjacent W Argentina
mochaensis (Cleere, 2006) vIsla Mocha, Isla Ascención (off C Chile) [Cleere, 2006 #9415]
pedrolimai (Grantsau, 2008) NE Brazil (NE Bahia) [Grantsau, 2008 #11082]
longirostris (Bonaparte, 1825) vSE Brazil (Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais to N Rio Grande do Sul)
patagonica (Olrog, 1962) vE and S Argentina (Buenos Aires and La Pampa to Santa Cruz) [Olrog, 1962 #2824]
NYCTIDROMUS Gould, 1838 M - Nyctidromus derbyanus Gould, 1838; type by monotypy  
Nyctidromus albicollis Common Pauraque
insularis Nelson, 189830 vIslas Marías (off W Mexico)
merrilli Sennett, 1888 iS USA (S Texas) to NE Mexico (C Tamaulipas)
yucatanensis Nelson, 1901 vNW and NE Mexico (Sinaloa, S Tamaulipas) to Belize and N Guatemala
gilvus Bangs, 1902 vN Colombia
albicollis (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)31 vS Guatemala to NW Peru, C and E Brazil and N Bolivia
derbyanus Gould, 1838 vE Bolivia, S Brazil, Paraguay and NE Argentina
Nyctidromus anthonyi 32  (Chapman, 1923) Scrub Nightjar
iW Ecuador (Esmeraldas) to NW Peru (NW La Libertad; NE Cajamarca, NW Amazonas)
ELEOTHREPTUS G.R. Gray, 1840 M - Amblypterus anomalus Gould, 1838; type by original designation and monotypy  
Eleothreptus anomalus   (Gould, 1838) Sickle-winged Nightjarα
vLocally in SE Brazil, C and S Paraguay, N and E Argentina (south to Buenos Aires)
Eleothreptus candicans 33  (von Pelzeln, 1867) White-winged Nightjar
Locally in N Bolivia (Beni), SC Brazil (SW Goiás) and E Paraguay
UROPSALIS W. deW. Miller, 1915 F - Hydropsalis lyra Bonaparte, 1850; type by original designation  34
Uropsalis segmentata Swallow-tailed Nightjar
segmentata (Cassin, 1849) vC and E Andes of Colombia and on both slopes of Andes in Ecuador
kalinowskii (von Berlepsch & Stolzmann, 1894) iE slope of Andes of N Peru (Amazonas) to WC Bolivia (Cochabamba)
Uropsalis lyra Lyre-tailed Nightjar
lyra (Bonaparte, 1850) iAndes of W Venezuela (Mérida) to S Ecuador (Zamora-Chinchipe)
peruana (von Berlepsch & Stolzmann, 1906) vE slope of Andes of N Peru (Amazonas) to WC Bolivia (W Santa Cruz)
argentina Olrog, 1975 vAndes of NW Argentina (Jujuy) [Olrog, 1975 #2830]
SETOPAGIS Ridgway, 1912 F - Caprimulgus parvulus Gould, 1837; type by original designation and monotypy  35
Setopagis heterura 36  Todd, 1915 Todd's Nightjar
vN Colombia, N and C Venezuela
Setopagis parvula   (Gould, 1837) Little Nightjar
vE Peru through Brazil (south of R. Amazon), south to EC Argentina and Uruguay
Setopagis whitelyi 37  (Salvin, 1885) Roraiman Nightjar
Tepuis of SE Venezuela; W Guyana (Pakaraima Mts.)
Setopagis maculosa   (Todd, 1920) Cayenne Nightjar
vNW French Guiana (R. Mana)
HYDROPSALIS Wagler, 1832 F - Caprimulgus furcifer Vieillot, 1817; type by subsequent designation (G.R. Gray, 1855, Cat. of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds, p. 11).  
Hydropsalis climacocerca Ladder-tailed Nightjar
schomburgki P.L. Sclater, 1866 iE Venezuela, the Guianas
climacocerca (von Tschudi, 1844) vSE Colombia, E Ecuador, E Peru, S Venezuela, W Amazonian Brazil, N and E Bolivia
intercedens Todd, 193738 iNC Brazil (islands in R. Amazon opposite Obidos in W Pará)
pallidior Todd, 1937 vNC Brazil (Santarém in W Pará)
canescens Griscom & Greenway, 1937 iNC Brazil (lower R. Tapajós in W Pará)
Hydropsalis torquata39 Scissor-tailed Nightjar
torquata (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) vS Surinam, EC Peru, Brazil (south to E Mato Grosso and São Paulo)
furcifer (Vieillot, 1817)40 δiN and E Bolivia and S Brazil (S Mato Grosso, Paraná) to C Argentina (Mendoza, N Buenos Aires)
Hydropsalis cayennensis White-tailed Nightjar
albicauda (Lawrence, 1875) iPacific slope of Costa Rica and Panama; N Colombia (NW Bolívar to Magdalena)
aperta (J.L. Peters, 1940)41 vWC Colombia (Cauca valley); N Ecuador (Imbabura)
cayennensis (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) vC and E Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas and N Brazil (N Roraima, NW Amapá)
insularis (Richmond, 1902) vNetherlands Antilles, Isla de Margarita, NE Colombia (Guajira Pen.), NW Venezuela (N Falcón)
leopetes (Jardine & Selby, 1830)42 iTrinidad, Tobago
manati (Pinchon, 1963) iMartinique (Lesser Antilles) [Pinchon, 1963 #3078]
Hydropsalis maculicaudus 43  (Lawrence, 1862) Spot-tailed Nightjar
Locally from SE Mexico to E Bolivia, E Paraguay and SE Brazil
MACROPSALIS P.L. Sclater, 1866 F - Caprimulgus forcipatus Nitzsch, 1840; type by subsequent designation (E. Hartert, 1892, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., 16, p. 601).  
Macropsalis forcipata 44  (Nitzsch, 1840) Long-trained Nightjar
vSE Brazil (SE Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo to N Rio Grande do Sul), NE Argentina (Misiones) [Nitzsch, 1840 #2778]
SIPHONORHIS P.L. Sclater, 1861 F - Caprimulgus americanus Linnaeus, 1758; type by original designation and monotypy  
Siphonorhis americana   (Linnaeus, 1758) Jamaican Pauraque
vJamaica
Siphonorhis brewsteri45 Least Pauraque
brewsteri (Chapman, 1917) Hispaniola
gonavensis Garrido, 2003 vIle de la Gonâve (off W Hispaniola) [Garrido, 2003 #1683]
NYCTIPHRYNUS Bonaparte, 1857 M - Caprimulgus ocellatus von Tschudi, 1844; type by subsequent designation (Oberholser, 1914, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 86, pt. 8, p. 8, note 5).  46
Nyctiphrynus rosenbergi 47  (E. Hartert, 1895) Choco Poorwill
iW Colombia (Chocó) to NW Ecuador (N Pichincha)
Nyctiphrynus mcleodii Eared Poorwill
mcleodii (Brewster, 1888) iMountains of W Mexico (SE Sonora and W Chihuahua to Colima)
rayi (A.H. Miller, 1948)48 iMountains of SW Mexico (Guerrero, Oaxaca) [Miller, 1948 #2684]
Nyctiphrynus yucatanicus   (E. Hartert, 1892) Yucatan Poorwill
vSE Mexico (Yucatan Pen.), N Guatemala, N Belize
Nyctiphrynus ocellatus Ocellated Poorwill
lautus W. deW. Miller & Griscom, 1925 vE Honduras, NE Nicaragua, NW Costa Rica
ocellatus (von Tschudi, 1844)49 vSC Colombia, E Ecuador and E Peru to E and S Brazil, Paraguay and NE Argentina
PHALAENOPTILUS Ridgway, 1880 M - Caprimulgus nuttallii Audubon, 1844; type by original designation  
Phalaenoptilus nuttallii50 Common Poorwill
nuttallii (Audubon, 1844) iSW Canada, W and WC USA, N Mexico >> south to C Mexico
californicus Ridgway, 1887 vW USA (W California) to NW Mexico (NW Baja California)
hueyi Dickey, 1928 iSW USA (SE California, SW Arizona) to NW Mexico (NE Baja California, NW Sonora)
dickeyi G.B. Grinnell, 1928 iNW Mexico (C and S Baja California)
adustus van Rossem, 1941 vSW USA (SW Arizona) to NW Mexico (C Sonora) [van Rossem, 1941 #3934]
centralis R.T. Moore, 194751 vC Mexico (S Durango to NE Jalisco and Guanajuato) [Moore, 1947 #2718]
ANTROSTOMUS Bonaparte, 1838 M - Caprimulgus carolinensis J.F. Gmelin, 1789; type by subsequent designation (G.R. Gray, 1840, A List of the Genera of Birds, p. 7).  52
Antrostomus vociferus   (A. Wilson, 1812) Eastern Whip-poor-will
vSC and SE Canada to SC and SE USA >> SE USA to Costa Rica
Antrostomus arizonae53 Mexican Whip-poor-will
arizonae Brewster, 1881 Mountains of SW USA (S California to SW Texas) to C Mexico (N Guanajuato)
setosus (van Rossem, 1934) vMountains of E Mexico (Coahuila to S Veracruz)
oaxacae Nelson, 1900 Mountains of SW Mexico (Jalisco to Oaxaca)
chiapensis Nelson, 1900 vHighlands of S Mexico (Chiapas) and Guatemala
vermiculatus Dickey & van Rossem, 1928 vHighlands of Honduras and El Salvador
Antrostomus noctitherus 54  (Wetmore, 1919) Puerto Rican Nightjar
vSW Puerto Rico
Antrostomus saturatus   Salvin, 1870 Dusky Nightjar
vMountains of Costa Rica and W Panama (W Chiriquí)
Antrostomus ridgwayi Buff-collared Nightjar
ridgwayi Nelson, 1897 iSW USA (SE Arizona, SW New Mexico) to W and S Mexico (Morelos, Chiapas)
troglodytes (Griscom, 1930) iC Guatemala, C Honduras, C Nicaragua
Antrostomus salvini 55  (E. Hartert, 1892) Tawny-collared Nightjar
NE Mexico (C Nuevo León to N Veracruz)
Antrostomus badius 56  Bangs & Peck, 1908 Yucatan Nightjar
vSE Mexico (Yucatan Pen., Isla de Cozumel) >> south to Belize and N Honduras
Antrostomus sericocaudatus57 Silky-tailed Nightjar
mengeli (Dickerman, 1975) iLocally in E Peru, N Bolivia and N Brazil [Dickerman, 1975 #1331]
sericocaudatus Cassin, 184958 δvSE Brazil, E Paraguay, NE Argentina
Antrostomus carolinensis   (J.F. Gmelin, 1789) Chuck-will's-widow
vEC and E USA >> E Mexico to N South America; Greater Antilles
Antrostomus rufus Rufous Nightjar
1 otiosus Bangs, 191160 vNE St. Lucia (Lesser Antilles)
2 minimus (Griscom & Greenway, 1937) vS Costa Rica to N Colombia, N Venezuela and Trinidad
2 maximus (J. Bond & Meyer de Schauensee, 1941)61 αvSW Colombia (upper Cauca valley in Cauca) [Bond, 1941 #423]
3 rufus (Boddaert, 1783)62,63 vS Venezuela, the Guianas, N and E Brazil
3 rutilus Burmeister, 185664 vS Brazil, E Bolivia, Paraguay and NE Argentina
Antrostomus cubanensis Greater Antillean Nightjar
1 cubanensis Lawrence, 186165 αvCuba, Cayo Coco
1 insulaepinorum (Garrido, 1983)66,67 δiIsla de la Juventud [Garrido, 1983 #1673]
2 ekmani Lönnberg, 192968 iHispaniola
CAPRIMULGUS Linnaeus, 1758 M - Caprimulgus europaeus Linnaeus, 1758; type by Linnaean tautonymy  69
Caprimulgus ruficollis Red-necked Nightjar
ruficollis Temminck, 1820 vIberia and W Morocco >> W Africa
desertorum von Erlanger, 1899 iNE Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia >> W Africa
Caprimulgus indicus Grey Nightjar
1 jotaka Temminck & Schlegel, 184470 αiRussian Far East, Japan, China (except NW) >> S China, mainland SE Asia, Greater Sundas, Philippines
1 hazarae Whistler, 193571,72 iNW Pakistan, Himalayan foothills, NE India, E Xizang, NW Yunnan, N continental SE Asia >> mainland SE Asia
2 indicus Latham, 1790 vNW, C and S India
2 kelaarti Blyth, 185173 αiSri Lanka
3 phalaena Hartlaub & Finsch, 1872 iBabeldaob to Peleliu (Palau)
Caprimulgus europaeus74,75 European Nightjar
europaeus Linnaeus, 1758 vC and N Europe, C and N Siberia and N Kazakhstan to Lake Baikal >> C and S Africa
meridionalis E. Hartert, 1896 vN Africa and S Europe to Crimea and Caucasus area >> W, C and S Africa
sarudnyi E. Hartert, 1912 iW Siberia, C Asia >> E and SE Africa
unwini Hume, 1871 iIraq, Transcaspia, C Asia to W Tien Shan Mts., W Tarim Basin and W and N Pakistan >> SE Africa and NW India
plumipes Przevalski, 1876 iE Tien Shan Mts. to SW and S Mongolia >> SE Africa
dementievi Stegmann, 1949 iNE Mongolia, S Transbaikalia >> SE Africa [Stegmann, 1949 #3705]
Caprimulgus fraenatus 76,77  Salvadori, 1884 Sombre Nightjar
vEritrea and Ethiopia to C and S Kenya and NE Tanzania
Caprimulgus rufigena Rufous-cheeked Nightjar
damarensis Strickland, 1853 αvW and S Angola, Namibia, W Botswana and adjacent NW South Africa >> W Africa [Strickland, 1853 #3772]
rufigena A. Smith, 184578 iSE Angola, SW Zambia, Zimbabwe and E Botswana to NE, C and S South Africa >> W Africa
Caprimulgus aegyptius Egyptian Nightjar
saharae von Erlanger, 1899 iNW Africa east to W Egypt >> Senegal to Nigeria
aegyptius M.H.C. Lichtenstein, 182379 vNile valley to SW and WC Asia >> E Sahel to Sudan, SW Asia, Pakistan
Caprimulgus mahrattensis   Sykes, 1832 Sykes's Nightjar
vSE Iran and S Afghanistan to Pakistan >> N and C India
Caprimulgus centralasicus 80  Vaurie, 1960 Vaurie's Nightjar
vSW Xinjiang (W China) [Vaurie, 1960 #3962]
Caprimulgus nubicus Nubian Nightjar
tamaricis Tristram, 186481 iDead Sea, SW Saudi Arabia, W Yemen >> NE Africa
torridus Lort Phillips, 189882,83 vSomalia, Socotra >> C and SE Kenya
nubicus M.H.C. Lichtenstein, 1823 vW and C Sudan
Caprimulgus eximius Golden Nightjar
simplicior E. Hartert, 1921 vS Mauritania to C Chad
eximius Temminck, 1826 vSW and C Sudan
Caprimulgus atripennis Jerdon's Nightjar
atripennis Jerdon, 1845 vEC and S India
aequabilis Ripley, 194584 vSri Lanka [Ripley, 1945 #3294]
Caprimulgus macrurus Large-tailed Nightjar
albonotatus Tickell, 183385 vHimalayan foothills (east from NE Pakistan), EC and NE India
bimaculatus Peale, 184886 vExtreme NE India, Bangladesh, S Yunnan, Hainan, mainland SE Asia, Sumatra
macrurus Horsfield, 1821 vJava, Bali
salvadorii Sharpe, 187587,88 δiBorneo, Banggi I. (off N Borneo)
johnsoni Deignan, 195589 iPalawan (Philippines) [Deignan, 1955 #1229]
schlegelii A.B. Meyer, 187490 iFlores Sea islands, Moluccas, Lesser Sundas (except Flores and Sumba), lowland New Guinea and satellite islands, Bismarck Arch. (except Admiralty Is. and St. Matthias Group), N and NE Australia [Meyer, 1874 #2658]
Caprimulgus andamanicus 91  Hume, 1873 Andaman Nightjar
vAndamans
Caprimulgus meesi   Sangster & Rozendaal, 2004 Mees's Nightjar
Flores and Sumba (Lesser Sundas) [Sangster, 2004 #3477]92
Caprimulgus manillensis 93  Walden, 1875 Philippine Nightjar
vPhilippines (except Palawan Group)
Caprimulgus celebensis94 Sulawesi Nightjar
celebensis Ogilvie-Grant, 1894 vSulawesi
jungei Neumann, 1939 iSula Is. [Neumann, 1939 #2763]
Caprimulgus donaldsoni   Sharpe, 1895 Donaldson Smith's Nightjar
iSomalia and E Ethiopia to E Kenya and NE Tanzania
Caprimulgus pectoralis Fiery-necked Nightjar
nigriscapularis Reichenow, 189395 vGuinea to S South Sudan, NE and E DR Congo, Uganda and W Kenya
shelleyi Bocage, 1878 αiAngola and S DR Congo to N Malawi, C and NE Tanzania and SE Kenya [Bocage, 1878 #12580]
fervidus Sharpe, 1875 vSW Angola and Namibia to Zimbabwe and N South Africa
crepusculans Clancey, 1994 Mozambique to E South Africa [Clancey, 1994 #966]
pectoralis Cuvier, 1816 αvC and S South Africa
Caprimulgus poliocephalus Montane Nightjar
1 poliocephalus Rüppell, 1840 vEthiopia, N Uganda, Kenya, N Tanzania; SW Saudi Arabia
2 ruwenzorii Ogilvie-Grant, 190996 αSW Uganda, E DR Congo, Burundi, Rwanda
2 guttifer Grote, 1921 NE and SW Tanzania, N Malawi, NE Zambia
2 koesteri Neumann, 1931 Highlands of C Angola
Caprimulgus asiaticus Indian Nightjar
asiaticus Latham, 179097 vS Pakistan, India, S Nepal, Bangladesh, continental SE Asia
eidos J.L. Peters, 194098 iSri Lanka
Caprimulgus madagascariensis Madagascar Nightjar
aldabrensis Ridgway, 1894 vAldabra (Aldabra Is.)
madagascariensis Sganzin, 1840 vMadagascar
Caprimulgus natalensis Swamp Nightjar
accrae Shelley, 1875 iLiberia to W Cameroon
natalensis A. Smith, 184599 vSenegal to Ethiopia and E Africa, Gabon to S DR Congo, NW Angola
carpi Smithers, 1954100 Angola and SW Zambia to N Botswana [Smithers, 1954 #3663]
mpasa Smithers, 1954101 N Zambia [Smithers, 1954 #3664]
Caprimulgus solala 102  R.J. Safford, Ash, Duckworth, Telfer & Zewdie, 1995 Nechisar Nightjar
iNechisar Plains (?) (S Ethiopia) [Safford, 1995 #3440]
Caprimulgus inornatus 103  von Heuglin, 1869 Plain Nightjar
vS Mauritania and N Senegal to Ethiopia and NW Somalia; SW Saudi Arabia, W Yemen >> Liberia, N DR Congo and C Tanzania
Caprimulgus stellatus Star-spotted Nightjar
simplex Neumann, 1907104 C Ethiopia to NW and C Kenya and SE South Sudan
stellatus Blundell & Lovat, 1899 vE Ethiopia, N Somalia
Caprimulgus affinis105 Savanna Nightjar
monticolus Franklin, 1831106 iNE Pakistan, S Nepal, Bhutan, India, Bangladesh, SE Xizang, continental SE Asia
amoyensis E.C.S. Baker, 1931 vS and SE China
stictomus Swinhoe, 1863 iTaiwan
affinis Horsfield, 1821107 vS Thai-Malay Pen., Greater Sundas, W Lesser Sundas (east to Sumba and Savu)
timorensis Mayr, 1944 vRoti and Alor to Kisar (Lesser Sundas) [Mayr, 1944 #2552]
griseatus Walden, 1875 vN and C Philippines
mindanensis Mearns, 1905 vMindanao
propinquus Riley, 1918 vSulawesi (except N)
Caprimulgus tristigma Freckled Nightjar
sharpei Alexander, 1901 iSenegal to C Central African Republic
pallidogriseus R.H. Parker & Benson, 1971 vNigeria [Parker, 1971 #2900]
tristigma Rüppell, 1840 iSouth Sudan and Ethiopia to Burundi and N Tanzania
granosus Clancey, 1965108 vS Tanzania, SE DR Congo and Zambia to NE and E South Africa [Clancey, 1965 #822]
lentiginosus A. Smith, 1845 vAngola to W South Africa
Caprimulgus concretus   Bonaparte, 1850 Bonaparte's Nightjar
vSumatra, Belitung I. (off SE Sumatra), Borneo
Caprimulgus pulchellus Salvadori's Nightjar
pulchellus Salvadori, 1879 vSumatra
bartelsi Finsch, 1902 iJava
Caprimulgus prigoginei   Louette, 1990 Prigogine's Nightjar
iE DR Congo (Itombwe) [Louette, 1990 #2430]
Caprimulgus batesi   Sharpe, 1906 Bates's Nightjar
iS Cameroon to C and E DR Congo
Caprimulgus climacurus109 Long-tailed Nightjar
climacurus Vieillot, 1824110 αvSenegal to NW Ethiopia
nigricans (Salvadori, 1868) iS Sudan, N South Sudan, W Ethiopia
sclateri (Bates, G.L., 1927)111 iSierra Leone to N DR Congo, W Uganda, S South Sudan
Caprimulgus clarus 112,113,114  Reichenow, 1892 Slender-tailed Nightjar
vDjibouti to C Tanzania
Caprimulgus fossii115 Mozambique Nightjar
fossii Hartlaub, 1857 iGabon
welwitschii Bocage, 1867 iS DR Congo, W and N Zambia, Angola and N Namibia >> N DR Congo [Bocage, 1867 #12581]
mossambicus W. Peters, 1868116 vSE DR Congo and S Tanzania to Zimbabwe, Mozambique and NE and E South Africa >> N DR Congo to Kenya
griseoplurus Clancey, 1965 iBotswana [Clancey, 1965 #821]
Caprimulgus longipennis 117  Shaw, 1796 Standard-winged Nightjar
vS Senegal to Uganda >> Sahel belt of W Africa, Sudan and Ethiopia
Caprimulgus vexillarius 118  (Gould, 1838) Pennant-winged Nightjar
Angola and S Tanzania to N Botswana and E South Africa >> Nigeria to DR Congo, Uganda and W Kenya
VELES Bangs, 1918 M - Caprimulgus binotatus Bonaparte, 1850; type by original designation and monotypy  
Veles binotatus   (Bonaparte, 1850) Brown Nightjar
vGhana to S Cameroon, N Gabon and C DR Congo
1 Sequence of genera and species based largely on Han et al. (2010) [Han Kin-Lan, 2010 #12019], but relationships of missing taxa based on Cleere (1999) [Cleere, 1999 #989]. See also Holyoak (2001) [Holyoak, 2001 #1992] for differing views on classification within the family. Han et al. (2010) [Han Kin-Lan, 2010 #12019] proposed modification of the limits of several genera used here.
2 Subfamily rank questioned by Han et al. (2010) [Han Kin-Lan, 2010 #12019]. Species sequence follows Cleere (2010) [Cleere, 2010 #14055].
3 Includes albogularis; see Schodde in Schodde & Mason (1997) [Schodde, 1997 #3523].
4 The prior name guttatus applied by Mathews to specimens thought to have been named argus has been shown by Schodde & Mason (1980) [Schodde, 1980 #3509] to be founded on the population named mystacalis Temminck, 1826.
5 Retained here following Cleere (1999) [Cleere, 1999 #989]; but see Cleere (2010) [Cleere, 2010 #14055].
6 Includes harterti, gilberti Deignan, 1950 [Deignan, 1950 #1211], and insulanus Deignan, 1950 [Deignan, 1950 #1211]; see Schodde & Mason (1980) [Schodde, 1980 #3509].
7 Peters (1940) [Peters, 1940 #3010] used the name guttatus; for replacement see Schodde & Mason (1980) [Schodde, 1980 #3509].
8 For treatment as a separate species from E. mystacalis see Cleere (2010) [Cleere, 2010 #14055].
9 Includes astrolabae; see Peters (1940) [Peters, 1940 #3010], but see also Holyoak (2001) [Holyoak, 2001 #1992].
10 For recognition see Cleere (2010) [Cleere, 2010 #14055]; the deep branch in Fig. 2 of Han et al. (2010) [Han Kin-Lan, 2010 #12019] supports resurrection of this Asian genus.
11 For possible treatment as subspecies of L. temminckii see Wells (1999) [Wells, 1999 #4118].
12 Species sequence derived from Han et al. (2010) [Han Kin-Lan, 2010 #12019].
13 For transfer from monotypic genus Podager see Han et al. (2010) [Han Kin-Lan, 2010 #12019].
14 Replaces minor, which is preoccupied in Chordeiles; see Agne & Pacheco (2011) [Agne, 2011 #12752].
15 Subspecies classification based mainly on Selander (1954) [Selander, 1954 #13799].
16 Includes divisus Oberholser, 1974 [Oberholser, 1974 #2808]; see Browning (1990) [Browning, 1990 #539]. Also includes twomeyi Hawkins, 1948 [Hawkins, 1948 #1916]; see Selander (1954) [Selander, 1954 #13799].
17 For recognition see Cleere (1998) [Cleere, 1998 #988].
18 For treatment as a separate species from C. minor see Eisenmann (1962) [Eisenmann, 1962 #1493] and Stevenson et al. (1983) [Stevenson, 1983 #13800]; we thus treat them as allospecies.
19 Includes vicinus; see Eisenmann (1962) [Eisenmann, 1962 #1493] and Monroe (1968) [Monroe, 1968 #2706], but see also Holyoak (2001) [Holyoak, 2001 #1992].
20 Includes inferior; see Dickerman (1985) [Dickerman, 1985 #13801].
21 Not recognised by Holyoak (2001) [Holyoak, 2001 #1992].
22 Includes noctivagus; see Ridgely & Greenfield (2001) [Ridgely, 2001 #3274].
23 May merit treatment as a separate species; see Hardy et al. (1989) [Hardy, 1989 #13891].
24 Correct original spelling. Spelling nattereri in Peters (1940) [Peters, 1940 #3010] and Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] an ISS.
25 For treatment as a separate species from L. semitorquatus see Parker et al. (1991) [Parker, 1991 #2909]; thus we treat these two as allospecies.
26 For placement in Nyctiprogne instead of Chordeiles see Whitney et al. (2003) [Whitney, 2003 #4204].
27 For removal of these species from Caprimulgus see Han et al. (2010) [Han Kin-Lan, 2010 #12019]; they are placed here tentatively.
28 Includes australis Gyldenstolpe, 1941 [Gyldenstolpe, 1941 #1843]; see Holyoak (2001) [Holyoak, 2001 #1992].
29 Treated as a separate species by Davis (1978) [Davis, 1978 #8923].
30 Perhaps undiagnosable (Stager 1957) [Stager, 1957 #13901]; Grant (1965) [Grant, 1965 #13993].
31 Includes intercedens; see Holyoak (2001) [Holyoak, 2001 #1992].
32 Formerly treated as a subspecies of Setopagis parvula but see Schwartz (1968) [Schwartz, 1968 #14292] and Robbins et al. (1994) [Robbins, 1994 #3349]. Han et al. (2010) [Han Kin-Lan, 2010 #12019] showed that it is in a different lineage from S. parvula and is sister to N. albicollis.
33 Treated as a probable subspecies of Hydropsalis cayennensis by Peters (1940) [Peters, 1940 #3010], but see Meyer de Schauensee (1966) [Meyer de Schauensee, 1966 #2676]. Sister taxon is Eleothreptus anomalus; see Cleere (2002) [Cleere, 2002 #991] and Larsen et al. (2007) [Larsen, 2007 #9937].
34 Included in Macropsalis by Holyoak (2001) [Holyoak, 2001 #1992].
35 For removal of these species from Caprimulgus see Han et al. (2010) [Han, 2010 #12019]; they are placed here tentatively.
36 For treatment as a separate species from S. parvula see Davis (1978) [Davis, 1978 #8923] and Hilty (2003) [Hilty, 2003 #12443].
37 Treated as a subspecies of Nyctipolus nigrescens by Peters (1940) [Peters, 1940 #3010], but most classifications follow Meyer de Schauensee (1966) [Meyer de Schauensee, 1966 #2676] in treating it as a separate species. For treatment in a different genus see Han et al. (2010) [Han, 2010 #12019].
38 This, pallidior, and canescens are doubtfully diagnosable; see Cleere (1999) [Cleere, 1999 #989].
39 For use of this name instead of H. brasiliana Gmelin, 1789, see Pacheco & Whitney (1998) [Pacheco, 1998 #2892].
40 Correct original spelling. Invariable; see David & Gosselin (2011) [David, 2011 #13197].
41 Art. 59.3 of the Code (I.C.Z.N., 1999) [I.C.Z.N., 1999 #2059] protects this name as it is in use.
42 Included in nominate cayennensis by Holyoak (2001) [Holyoak, 2001 #1992].
43 May consist of more than one species; see Cleere (1999) [Cleere, 1999 #989].
44 For use of forcipata instead of creagra see Pacheco & Whitney (1998) [Pacheco, 1998 #2892] and Pacheco et al. (2003) [Pacheco, 2003 #7348].
45 Treated as subspecies of S. americana by Peters (1940) [Peters, 1940 #3010]; for treatment as a separate species, see Olson & Steadman (1977) [Olson, 1977 #13802].
46 Includes Otophanes; see Han et al. (2010) [Han, 2010 #12019], but see also Barrowclough et al. (2006) [Barrowclough, 2006 #9507].
47 For treatment as a separate species from N. ocellatus see Robbins & Ridgely (1992) [Robbins, 1992 #3347].
48 Not recognised by Holyoak (2001) [Holyoak, 2001 #1992].
49 Includes bergeni Niethammer, 1953 [Niethammer, 1953 #2768], which is unmentioned in all subsequent classifications of the family; see Appendix 2.2.
50 Diagnosability of most subspecies questionable; treated as monotypic by Phillips et al. (1964) [Phillips, 1964 #4743].
51 For recognition see Holyoak (2001) [Holyoak, 2001 #1992] but see also Hardy & Webber (1975) [Hardy, 1975 #14275].
52 For species composition and recognition as separate from Caprimulgus see Han et al. (2010) [Han Kin-Lan, 2010 #12019].
53 For treatment as a separate species from A. vociferus see Hardy et al. (1988) [Hardy, 1988 #14243] and Chesser (2010) [Chesser, 2010 #12460]; we thus treat these as allospecies; A. noctitherus is also considered a member of this superspecies by Cleere (1999) [Cleere, 1999 #989].
54 For treatment as a separate species from A. vociferus, see Reynard (1962) [Reynard, 1962 #14289].
55 Formerly considered as a subspecies of A. badius but see Hardy & Straneck (1989) [Hardy, 1989 #13803].
56 Formerly considered a subspecies of A. sericocaudatus, but see Hardy & Straneck (1989) [Hardy, 1989 #13803].
57 Forms a superspecies with A. salvini and A. badius; see Sibley & Monroe (1990) [Sibley, 1990 #3636].
58 An 'original' spelling seen does end -is as used by Peters (1940) [Peters, 1940 #3010], but in other 'originals' is -us;evidence suggests the latter is corrected within the volume and we follow it; see also Richmond (1992) [Richmond, 1992 #8978].
59 Populations from W Amazonia not yet assigned to subspecies.
60 For continued treatment as a subspecies of A. rufus see Robbins & Parker (1997) [Robbins, 1997 #13804].
61 For continued recognition see Holyoak (2001) [Holyoak, 2001 #1992].
62 Includes noctivigulus Wetmore & Phelps, Jr., 1953 [Wetmore, 1953 #4138], an incorrectly spelled Latin word, more correctly noctivigilus; see Robbins & Parker (1997) [Robbins, 1997 #13804].
63 Populations from W Amazonia not yet assigned to subspecies.
64 Includes saltuarius Olrog, 1979 [Olrog, 1979 #2832], described as a subspecies of A. sericocaudatus; for transfer here see Robbins & Parker (1997) [Robbins, 1997 #13804].
65 Possibly 1860, but pages bear date June 1861; see Dickinson et al. (2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].
66 Tentatively accepted, requires evaluation; measurements overlap those of nominate subspecies; see Cleere (1998) [Cleere, 1998 #988].
67 Correct original spelling. Spelling insulaepinorun in Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] an ISS.
68 May merit treatment as a separate species; see Garrido & Reynard (1998) [Garrido, 1998 #8933] and Cleere (1999) [Cleere, 1999 #989].
69 Includes Macrodipteryx; see Han et al. (2010) [Han Kin-Lan, 2010 #12019].
70 May merit treatment as separate species, with hazarae as a subspecies; see Rasmussen & Anderton (2005) [Rasmussen, 2005 #4749].
71 Includes memnon Koelz, 1954 [Koelz, 1954 #2250]; see Ripley (1982) [Ripley, 1982 #3332]. Both hazarae and memnon included in jotaka by Holyoak (2001) [Holyoak, 2001 #1992].
72 For decision to accept sole authorship see Pittie & Dickinson (2010) [Pittie, 2010 #12619].
73 Treated as a synonym of nominate indicus by Holyoak (2001) [Holyoak, 2001 #1992].
74 Subspecies recognition follows Cramp et al. (1985) [Cramp, 1985 #1086].
75 Treated by Fry (1988) [Fry, 1988 #1625] as forming a superspecies with C. fraenatus and C. rufigena.
76 Includes keniensis (not keneiensis); see Cleere (1999) [Cleere, 1999 #989].
77 For treatment as a separate species from C. rufigena see Grant & Mackworth-Praed (1954) [Grant, 1954 #13855].
78 Includes quanzae; see White (1965) [White, 1965 #4191].
79 Includes arenicolor Severtsov, 1875 [Severtsov, 1875 #3577]; see Cramp et al. (1985) [Cramp, 1985 #1086].
80 Diagnosability questioned by Cleere (1999) [Cleere, 1999 #989] but see Leader (2009) [Leader, 2009 #12178].
81 For suggested split see Jackson (2002) [Jackson, 2002 #2101].
82 Includes taruensis; see Zimmermann et al. (1996) [Zimmerman, 1996 #4328]; recognised by Holyoak (2001) [Holyoak, 2001 #1992].
83 Includes jonesi; see Kirwan (2004) [Kirwan, 2004 #2228].
84 Previously listed as a subspecies of C. macrurus (with albonotatus treated as a subspecies of C. atripennis), but see Ripley & Beehler (1987) [Ripley, 1987 #3338]. Holyoak (2001) [Holyoak, 2001 #1992] treated C. atripennis as monotypic.
85 Includes noctuvigilus Koelz, 1954 [Koelz, 1954 #2250]; see Ripley (1982) [Ripley, 1982 #3332].
86 Includes silvanus Koelz, 1954 [Koelz, 1954 #2250]; see Ripley (1982) [Ripley, 1982 #3332]. Also includes ambiguus and hainanus; see Mees (1977) [Mees, 1977 #2621].
87 Treated as a synonym of nominate macrurus by Peters (1940) [Peters, 1940 #3010] but see Mees (1977) [Mees, 1977 #2621].
88 Correct original spelling. Spelling salvadori in Dickinson (2003) [Dickinson, 2003 #9533] an ISS.
89 For recognition see Mees (1977) [Mees, 1977 #2621].
90 Includes oberholseri, mesophanis, kuehni, schillmolleri, yorki, meeki and obiensis Jany, 1955 [Jany, 1955 #2108]; see Mees (1977) [Mees, 1977 #2621].
91 For separation from C. macrurus see Sangster & Rozendaal (2004) [Sangster, 2004 #3477].
92 The authors of this new taxon had no sound recordings from Timor or Wetar where, as here, schlegelii is supposed to occur.
93 For treatment as a separate species from C. macrurus see Mees (1985) [Mees, 1985 #2630], who included celebensis and delacouri in C. manillensis.
94 For treatment as a separate species from C. manillensis see Rozendaal (1990) [Rozendaal, 1990 #3410].
95 For inclusion within C. pectoralis see Louette (1990) [Louette, 1990 #13806] and Zimmerman et al. (1996) [Zimmerman, 1996 #4328].
96 Treatment of this and the following two subspecies within a broad C. poliocephalus follows Dowsett et al. (2008) [Dowsett, 2008 #12725].
97 Includes gurgaoni Koelz, 1939 [Koelz, 1939 #2244]; see Ripley (1982) [Ripley, 1982 #3332]. Also includes siamensis; see Deignan (1963) [Deignan, 1963 #1245].
98 Treated as undiagnosable from nominate asiaticus by Holyoak (2001) [Holyoak, 2001 #1992].
99 Includes chadensis and gabonensis; see White (1965) [White, 1965 #4191]. Also implicitly includes fulviventris; see Dean (2000) [Dean, 2000 #14040].
100 Recognition follows Dowsett et al. (2008) [Dowsett, 2008 #12725].
101 For recognition see Dowsett et al. (2008) [Dowsett, 2008 #12725].
102 Described, and still only known, from a wing; requires substantiation (Forero & Tella 1997) [Forero, 1997 #10211].
103 Includes vinaceabrunneus, ludovicianus, and the more recent malbranti Niethammer, 1957 [Niethammer, 1957 #2771]; see White (1965) [White, 1965 #4191].
104 For recognition see Zimmerman et al. (1996) [Zimmerman, 1996 #4328].
105 Peters (1940) [Peters, 1940 #3010] treated affinis and monticolus as two species, but see Mayr (1944) [Mayr, 1944 #2552].
106 Includes burmanicus; see Stanford (1939) [Stanford, 1939 #3694].
107 Includes undulatus Mayr, 1944 [Mayr, 1944 #2552] and kasuidori; see Mees (2006) [Mees, 2006 #7094].
108 For recognition see Fry & Harwin (1988) [Fry, 1988 #1626].
109 Formerly placed in Scotornis, but see Colston in Snow (1978) [Snow, 1978 #13852].
110 Dated from text; plate could have been earlier (Dickinson et al., 2011) [Dickinson, 2011 #13287].
111 Includes leoninus; see White (1965) [White, 1965 #4191].
112 Formerly placed in Scotornis but see Colston in Snow (1978) [Snow, 1978 #13852].
113 For recognition as a separate species from C. fossii see North & McChesney (1964) [North, 1964 #13825].
114 Includes apatelius; see Colston in Snow (1978) [Snow, 1978 #13852].
115 Formerly placed in Scotornis; but see Colston in Snow (1978) [Snow, 1978 #13852].
116 For recognition see Spottiswoode & Jackson in Hockey et al. (2005) [Hockey, 2005 #12724].
117 Placement of this species in Caprimulgus follows Han et al. (2010) [Han Kin-Lan, 2010 #12019].
118 Peters (1940) [Peters, 1940 #3010] employed the name Semeïophorus; for placement in Caprimulgus see Han et al. (2010) [Han Kin-Lan, 2010 #12019].
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